scholarly journals Intermarium: the Baltic and the Black seas on the Polish mental maps in the interwar period

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
Marta Grzechnik
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
The Political ◽  
Mental Maps ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
The One ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
European Seas

The aim of the paper is to examine and compare how the Baltic Sea on the one hand and the Black and Aegean Seas on the other were conceptualized in the Polish scholarly and political discourse in the interwar period, and how mental maps of Poland’s connection to both sea regions were constructed. Because of the direct access to Baltic Sea, the link to it was more straightforward, although it was constantly questioned by German revisionist scholarship. In the south there was no territorial connection to the seas – it was to be established on the political and economic level, for example through so-called Intermarium idea. An interesting question is also to what extent the discourses connected with the Baltic and the southern European seas fell within the same discourse of the ideology of the sea, and to what extent they were contradictory or mutually exclusive.

Szwecja i problemy spójności współpracy państw w Europie Bałtyckiej w 2018 roku

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
Andrzej Kubka
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Council Of Ministers

Abstract Holding the presidency in crucial regional organizations and formats in Baltic Europe in 2018 (Nordic Council of Ministers, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Barents Euro-Arctic Council, formats N5 and NB8) Sweden is in exceptional position to enhance this region’s coherence. The goal of the analysis in the article is to explain in what way Sweden aims to coordinate the regional policy agenda. Official programmatic documents give the ground to assume that Sweden is seeking to achieve a regional coordinator’s role and is actively realizing planes which promote regional coherence in Baltic Europe. At the same time Sweden takes into consideration the European and global contexts of the policies in this region. The main overarching field of engagement in this respect becomes the realization of the UN Agenda 2030. The characteristics, i.e. scope and elaboration, of the political programmes of the Swedish presidency in the mentioned above organizations and formats suggests that Nordic as well as Nordic-Baltic cooperation are considered as the most important ones.

NOVEL OIL-DEGRADING ALGAL-BACTERIAL ASSOCIATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OIL POLUTION IN THE BALTIC SEA

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 300185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Safonova ◽  
Swetlana König
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Flexible Response ◽  
Artificial Associations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
The Baltic

The stability of an ecosystem strongly depends on the biodiversity of its microorganisms population. The network of interactions between microorganisms provides a flexible response to various changes of the coenotic equilibrium. This equilibrium changes drastically if such a network is damaged by oil spills or any other kind of pollution, representing a danger to the existence of a whole ecosystem. Bioremediation is a method employing microorganisms to remove pollutants and to restore the ecology of populations. Understandably due to its nature, this approach is considered to be the most gentle and safe one what makes it very attractive. Our focus was to improve the efficiency of the treatment of oil pollution in the Baltic Sea. As a part of “BioBind” project, we aimed to create artificial associations of alkanotrophic bacteria and phototrophic partners (algae or cyanobacteria) and to use them as an effective tool for the removal of oil spills. In summer and winter 2011–2012, we isolated 157 strains of both algae and cyanobacteria and 199 bacteria. The samples were taken from four different places of the Baltic Sea in the areas of Rostock, St. Petersburg, Kiel and Sassnitz. After the screening, we have selected 19 strains of alkanotrophyc bacteria and 23 strains of green algae and cyanobacteria showing resistance to the pollutants. The screening was performed in media containing an oil, phenol and phenanthrene at low temperatures (4°C and 10°C) and different salt concentrations. All selected species of bacteria belonged to the genus Rhodococcus. Further selection was aimed at finding combinations of bacterial strains which show an increased degrading capacity and exceeding the one of the originally isolated microorganisms. As a result, we have selected associations with the degradation of crude oil (at the concentration of 2 g/L) with a degradation rate from 25% up to 35%. Furthermore, we have discovered that the presence of the phototrophic microorganisms in these associations resulted to a positive modest effect with regard to the efficiency of the system by several percent. Our result proves clearly the concept that bioremediation represents an effective mean to clean up oil spills. This is remarkable that the system also shows plasticity and can be improved by creating different variations of the microorganisms constituting it. Thus bioremedation provides scope for further development. The selected artificial associations can be recommended for the purification of oil pollution in the Baltic Sea.

T. T.

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
William Klinger ◽  
Denis Kuljiš
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Second World

This chapter reviews the successful coup in Mitrovica prison, where “differentiation” was carried out and the “Petkovites” had been temporarily subdued. It discusses the outbreak of the Second World War, which finds Marshal Tito on the Baltic Sea and on his way to the Soviet Union. It also analyzes Tito's new assignment on establishing a strictly subversive organization intended to prepare the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (CPY) for armed engagements behind enemy lines. The chapter talks about the elimination of differences between the political and intelligence network and the subversive military network as the they had been integrated on the same operational axis. It recounts the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact after Tito left Moscow.

scholarly journals Political technologies and international conflicts in the information space of the Baltic Sea region

Baltic Region ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor P. Kirilenko ◽  
Georgiy V. Alexeyev
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Information Space ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The Baltic

The information space of the Baltic region has gradually developed since the free exchange of cross-border messages was made possible by media technology and international law. The international conflict between Russia and some countries of the European Union has become a factor hampering its sustainable development. Moreover, the conflict has adversely affected the functioning of many civil society institutions in the Baltic Sea region. This study focuses on the publications in the scientific media associated with the political technologies that may provoke conflict but must contribute to good-neighbourly relations in the region. We carry out a comprehensive political analysis and a specific examination of the Western scientific media to develop a package of measures that Russia can take to counter the conflictprovoking influences in the region. The current condition of the regional information space and information operations aimed at inciting Russophobia and forcing Russia out of the European political process is indicative of the politicisation of social sciences and the humanities and of the mythologisation of the policies of the regional social structures. The conflict must be urgently resolved, since the political technologies, which cause instability in the information space, damage the reputations of all the states involved. To reconcile the differences that underlie the information conflict in the Baltic region it is necessary to take into account common interests. There is a pressing need to join efforts in solving the challenging social problems that cannot be overcome without either international cooperation among the countries or effective social partnership.

scholarly journals Cooperation, Media and Framing Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (s1) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Jönsson ◽  
Mikael Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Media Framing ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
The One ◽  
The Baltic

AbstractCooperation and communication play an important role for environmental governance. This holds true for the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe, one of the most disturbed ecosystems in the world, where insufficient cooperation between different stakeholders is one reason for goal failure. This article addresses the linkages between (media) framing on the one hand, and cooperation on the other. The case in focus is a set of negotiations related to the Baltic Sea Action Plan, the most central governance strategy in the Baltic Sea region. Our results show that in order to influence political decision-making, key stakeholders compete over the power to define and interpret problems, causes and solutions to an extent impeding cooperation. We focus the analysis on eutrophication, which we show to be a complex and controversial topic, framed in incompatible ways by different stakeholders.

scholarly journals A Digital or Sustainable Small and Medium-Sized Port? Sustainable Port Blueprint in the Baltic Sea Region Based on Port Benchmarking

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-342
Author(s):  
Christopher Meyer ◽  
Laima Gerlitz ◽  
Robert Philipp ◽  
Vytautas Paulauskas
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Core Network ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
The One ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Small and medium-sized ports (SMSPs) in the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) are caught in a dilemma of less financial support by the European funding programmes due to their peripheral position in the TEN-T Core Network. Most of the BSR ports belong to the TEN-T Comprehensive Network, which is rationally less important in the topical financial, infrastructural and policy discourses. Despite this, BSR ports are of a colossal importance for the regional economic development serving as gateways for the individual regions and drivers of socio-economic and environmental transition. In addition, ports are essential in pursuing new innovation avenues. The environmental targets published by the European Commission for maritime sector in 2030 and 2050 are applicable for SMSPs as well, creating further obstacles and future challenges on the one hand, but opening new horizons to grow and innovate on the other one. A successful environmental and digital transformation going hand in hand in SMSPs enable sustainable boost of sustainable development. Thus, as a first step, the assessment of sustainable readiness in SMSPs is incumbent in order to implement tailor-made solutions on individual basis, by ensuring efficient usage of available resources and capabilities. In line with the Connect2SmallPorts project, part-financed by the INTERREG South Baltic Programme, 38 SMSPs in the BSR were approached to mapping their digital readiness according to the methodology of the Digital Readiness Index for Ports (DRIP), published within the project in 2020. Building upon this, this paper introduces the idea of digital and environmental twinning to conclude on sustainable development potentials in SMSPs with an adaptation of the DRIP score. Hence, the research contributes to the sustainable port concept and illustrates the positioning of SMSPs in the progress of sustainable development.

scholarly journals Reinventing the Baltic Sea Region: From the Hansa to the Eu-Strategy of 2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Michael North
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Political ◽  
Eastern Enlargement ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Physical Setting ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
New Situation ◽  
The Eu

The political changes of 1989 stimulated a new perception and perspective of the Baltic Sea Region. And this gained momentum with the Eastern Enlargement of the EU. The new situation encouraged research as well. In this context the “Baltic Sea” is not an unchangeable physical setting, but also a construction of different actors or protagonists. People and powers continuously reinvent the Baltic Sea Region. That is why; the following paper focuses on the different notions of the Baltic Sea Region from the Middle Ages up to now and also examines the recent EU-Strategy of this region.

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