Efficacy of Seed Extracts of Cuscuta chinensis and Asparagus setaceus as Assumed Synergist against Larval Immatures of Culex quinquefasciatus

The CH2Cl2-MeOH (30:70 v/v) extracts of the seeds of Mangifera indica (Mango), Persea americana (Avocado) and Dacryodes edulis (African plum) were evaluated for potential mosquito larvicidal activity against 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles gambiae. Extracts were diluted with 1 mL of methanol and concentrations ranging from 1000 to 125 mg/L in 4 replicates each, were prepared in the volume of 100 mL in the plastic cups (250 mL). A volume of 1 mL of methanol added to 99 mL of tap water was prepared as negative control and Bi-one (1000 mg/L) constituted a positive control. In each test solution, 25 larvae of each mosquito species were separately transferred and larval mortality was recorded after 24 h post-treatment. As results, the three plant seed extracts applied at 1000 mg/L caused for at least 79% mortality of each mosquito species larvae assessed. The seed extract of P. americana (LC50 of 98.31, 129.24 and 136.26 mg/L, respectively against An. gambiae, Ae. aegypti and Cx. quiquefasciatus larvae) was the most potent followed by D. edulis (LC50 of 176.87 mg/L for An. gambiae, 198.68 mg/L for Ae. aegypti and 201.70 mg/L for Cx. quinquefasciatus) and M. indica (LC50 of 258.98 mg/L for An. gambiae, 297.35 mg/L for Ae. aegypti and 435.45 mg/L for Cx. quinquefasciatus). Globally, all the seed extracts were more toxic against An. gambiae larvae compared to other mosquito species and need further exploration for the development of a new botanical larvicide to reduce mosquito densities.

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Larvicidal efficacy of ethanol leaf and seed extracts of Picralima nitida in the control of Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti

Nigerian Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.4314/njpar.v37i2.10 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 174

Author(s):

P.M.E. Ubulom ◽

U.S. Ekong

Keyword(s):

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽

Seed Extracts

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Larvicidal effects of some plant seed extracts on Anopheles annularis Vander Wulp and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)

Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management ◽

10.3329/jbcbm.v5i2.44913 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 41-52

Author(s):

M Nasiruddin ◽

MA Azadi ◽

MR Chowdhury ◽

RAH Tonni

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Alcohol ◽

Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽

Mosquito Species ◽

Exposure Period ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Chi Square ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Methanol Extracts ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Seed Extracts

Larvicidal effects of distilled water, 50% ethyl alcohol, acetone and methanol extracts on seed of four plants viz. Sinapis alba (Linn.), Carica papaya (Linn.), Momordica charantia (Linn.) and Capsicum annuum (Linn.) were studied upon the mosquito larvae of Anopheles annularis Vander Wulp and Culex quinquefasciatus Say under normal laboratory conditions with average temperature and relative humidity of 31.1oC and 57.6%, respectively. Percentage mortality, probit mortality, chi-square and ANOVA values for the larvae, extracts and concentrations were calculated for 24 hours exposure period. Mortality was dose dependent. The values of LC50 of the seeds of S. alba on An. annularis at the application doses for the distilled water, 50% ethyl alcohol, acetone and methanol extracts were 3431.791, 1038.363, 1254.810 and 2269.975 ppm, respectively; for C. papaya were 804.008, 403.294, 597.165 and 573.241 ppm, respectively; for M. charantia were 10593.241, 5017.710, 5650.191 and 6075.204 ppm, respectively; and for C. annuum were 1274.968, 4637.201, 1604.852 and 1905.692 ppm, respectively. The values of LC50 of S. alba seeds on Cx. quinquefasciatus at the application doses for the distilled water, 50% ethyl alcohol, acetone and methanol extracts were 1415.311, 432.996, 569.701 and 770.250 ppm, respectively; for C. papaya were 705.599, 385.688, 341.003 and 481.067 ppm, respectively; for M. charantia were 7764.154, 4496.464, 5353.759 and 5825.031 ppm, respectively; and for C. annuum were 2173.631, 1311.538, 78.748 and 182.869 ppm, respectively. Of the four plant seed extracts, C. papaya seed extracts were the most toxic for both the mosquito species. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 41-52

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