scholarly journals Novas Tecnologias Reprodutivas: Natureza e Cultura em Redefinição

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naara Luna
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Ethnographic Observation ◽  
Definition Of

As novas tecnologias reprodutivas, procedimentos médicos que substituem o ato sexual para a concepção, são objeto privilegiado na Antropologia para se debater a relação entre Natureza e Cultura. Schneider lança a hipótese que, sendo a conexão biogenética a definição fundante da concepção norteamericana de parentesco, a descoberta pela ciência de novos fatos sobre a relação biogenética transformaria noções nativas ocidentais. A assistência dessas tecnologias questiona não somente a naturalidade do processo reprodutivo, ao ampliar as margens de escolha na reprodução e na constituição do parentesco, mas afeta a noção de natureza como condições de vida isentas de intervenção. Baseado em observação etnográfica e entrevistas, o artigo analisa o discurso de profissionais e pacientes envolvidos com a reprodução assistida e tratamentos convencionais de infertilidade. O foco está em como concepções de pessoa e parentesco formuladas sobre vivências e práticas concernentes às tecnologias reprodutivas se referem às categorias de Natureza e Cultura. New Reproductive Technologies: redefining Nature and Culture Abstract Anthropology has discussed Nature/Culture opposition through the analysis of the new reproductive technologies, medical procedures aiming at conception which replace sexual intercourse. According to Schneider’s hypothesis, Western notions of kinship will change if Science discovers new facts regarding biogenetic relationships, which is the basis of American kinship conception. Technologies’ assistance questions not only the natural aspect of the reproductive process, by broadening the margin of choice in the reproduction and constitution of kin, but also compromises the definition of nature as conditions of life from which intervention is absent. The article is based on ethnographic observation and interviews with professionals and patients dealing with assisted reproduction and conventional infertility treatment, and analyses their discourse. The text focuses on how notions of personhood and kinship related to the new reproductive technologies refer to the concepts of Nature and Culture.

Prisoners of Progress or Hostages to Fortune?

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Morgan ◽  
Linda Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Time Span ◽  
List Type ◽  
Natural Time ◽  
Problem Solvers

We shall have to evolve problem-solvers—galore since each problem they solve creates ten problems more— Piet HeinThe new reproductive technologies, especially in vitro fertilization (IVF), have extended the possi- bilities of assisted reproduction to the benefit of the childless couples. At the same time these technologies and their added techniques, however, have fragmented reproduction and exposed the human egg to intervention yet unknown:The embryo may be divided into several embryos; may be sold; donated; cryopreserved; borne by another woman and returned; or used for research;Genetic parentage may be present without sexual intercourse, may be different from social parentage and the natural time-span between fertilization and birth may be interrupted.

The Uniform Status of Children of Assisted Conception Act: Does It Protect the Best Interests of the Child in a Surrogate Arrangement?

1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-553
Author(s):  
Mimi Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Assisted Conception ◽  
Regulatory Scheme ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Definition Of

Medical technology is easing the plight of many infertile couples by offering such reproductive alternatives as in vitro fertilization, artificial insemination and surrogacy. In response to the changes in our society's definition of family, wrought by scientific advances, the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform States Laws promulgated the Uniform Status of Children of Assisted Conception Act. The purpose of this Act is to protect the interests of children born through extraordinary medical procedures. This Note analyzes the Act's provisions regarding surrogacy and focuses on how the Commission's regulatory scheme fails to protect the child's interests. The Act's alternative of voiding the surrogacy contract also does not protect the child's interests. A more complete regulatory scheme which protects the adult parties’ interests, as well as the child's, should be devised, as the adequacy of the adult parties’ protection ultimately affects the child's well-being.

scholarly journals Sexual practices in youth: analysis of lifetime sexual trajectory and last sexual intercourse

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1471-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luiza Heilborn ◽  
Cristiane S. Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
Vaginal Sex ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Definition Of

This article examines the sexual practices of young Brazilians based on data from the GRAVAD Research Project, a household survey targeting males and females from 18 to 24 years of age (n = 4,634) in three Brazilian State capitals: Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, and Salvador. The set of practices experienced over the course of their sexual careers is characterized by traits of social belonging, elements from individual life histories, and prescribed rules of conduct for men and women. The authors compared the young people's range of lifetime practices and those from last sexual relations in order to discuss the spread and incorporation of practices into life histories. The data point to the hegemony of vaginal sex in both the lifetime repertoire of sexual practices and the last sexual encounters, such that vaginal sex provides the prime definition of heterosexuality.

scholarly journals PROTECTION OF INHERITANCE RIGHTS OF A CHILD BORN WITH THE USE OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Ksenia A. Zhirikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Surrogate Mother

The article deals with the problems of inheritance by children born with the help of assisted reproductive technologies, in particular, after a surrogate mother, after the death of one of the parents, etc. These problems are not regulated in Russian legislation. The article proposes directions for its improvement in order to protect a child born with the help of assisted reproduction.

scholarly journals Balancing animal welfare and assisted reproduction: ethics of preclinical animal research for testing new reproductive technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-545
Author(s):  
Verna Jans ◽  
Wybo Dondorp ◽  
Ellen Goossens ◽  
Heidi Mertes ◽  
Guido Pennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Animal Research

In vitro fertilization and preimplantation genetic testing methods in infertility treatment of a woman with karyotype 46,XX,ins(13;4)(q34;p14p15.3),inv(4)(p14q12). Case report

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-444
Author(s):  
Zhanna I. Glinkina ◽  
Elena V. Kulakova ◽  
Elena G. Lebedeva ◽  
Varvara S. Kuzmicheva ◽  
Nataliya P. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Preimplantation Genetic Testing ◽  
And Inversion

The frequency of structural chromosomal transpositions can range from 1.8 to 8% among patients with reproductive disorders. There are several types of the rarest chromosomal abnormalities: insertion (insertion of a chromosomal region) and inversion (rotation of a chromosome region). This article describes a clinical case of the infertility treatment using assisted reproductive technologies in a woman with a rare chromosomal abnormality: simultaneous insertion and inversion of chromosomes 46, XX, ins (13;4)(q34;p14p15.3), inv(4)(p14q12). The structure and frequency of chromosomal aberrations were determined by high-throughput sequencing in preimplantation embryos. The result of the sequencing analysis showed that unbalanced variants for a known pathology were detected in 9 (56.3%) out of 16 observations, while in 6 (37%) only for a pathology known in the karyotype and in 3 (19%) they were presented simultaneously with the pathology of other chromosomes or with mosaicism. According to the results of the study, in preimplantation embryos, where one of the parents had chromosomal abnormalities, in addition to unbalanced variants, there is aneuploidy of other chromosomes not involved in the known pathology. They are described in 3 (21%) out of 14 observations of all identified pathology. In this regard, patients with aberrations in the karyotype are recommended, whenever possible, to carry out preimplantation genetic testing of structural rearrangements by methods allowed to analyze all chromosomes simultaneously. For example, high-throughput sequencing on the Illumina platform may become an alternative for prenatal diagnostics, which is performed in fertile couples with high risk of having a child with hereditary or congenital disorders. In the case of detection of chromosomal changes in the fetus, patients are faced with a number of ethical issues related to the necessity for medical abortion, which may contradict their religious and moral convictions.

Slægtskabsreguleringer. Feministisk retsretorik som analyseramme og dens potentiale for at identificere lovens performative effekter

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (79) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Kroløkke ◽  
Janne Rothmar Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Rhetorical Figures ◽  
Master Plots

Involuntary childlessness is a well-known phenomenon, and in Denmark, every twelfth child is born through the use of assisted reproduction. Denmark is currently positioned as one of the key global actors both as far as the use of in-vitro ­fertilization (IVF) is concerned as well as within the global ­market in sperm and reproductive technologies. In this article, the authors develop a feminist legal rhetorical framework to discuss how the Danish law and ethical guidelines on adoption and assisted reproduction rhetorically produce different master plots on “natural,” “artificial,” and “monstrous” forms of kinship. The authors conclude with a discussion of the potential that a feminist legal rhetorical framework holds, including its ability to analyze how rhetorical figures and metaphors legitimize certain types of kinship as well as the ability to raise new and provo­cative questions related to gender equality within the law

scholarly journals Waist circumference in relation to outcomes of infertility treatment with assisted reproductive technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. e205
Author(s):  
M. Li ◽  
L. Mínguez-Alarcón ◽  
M. Arvizu ◽  
Y. Chiu ◽  
J.B. Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Infertility Treatment
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