scholarly journals Codes over Graphs Derived from Quotient Rings of the Quaternion Orders

ISRN Algebra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cátia R. de O. Quilles Queiroz ◽  
Reginaldo Palazzo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Fuchsian Group ◽  
Hyperbolic Plane ◽  
Quotient Ring ◽  
Fundamental Region ◽  
Signal Space ◽  
Signal Constellation ◽  
Uniform Code ◽  
Quotient Rings ◽  
Hyperbolic Polygon

We propose the construction of signal space codes over the quaternion orders from a graph associated with the arithmetic Fuchsian group Γ8. This Fuchsian group consists of the edge-pairing isometries of the regular hyperbolic polygon (fundamental region) P8, which tessellates the hyperbolic plane 𝔻2. Knowing the generators of the quaternion orders which realize the edge pairings of the polygon, the signal points of the signal constellation (geometrically uniform code) derived from the graph associated with the quotient ring of the quaternion order are determined.

scholarly journals Hyperbolization of Euclidean Ornaments

10.37236/78 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin von Gagern ◽  
Jürgen Richter-Gebert
Keyword(s):  
Differential Geometry ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Hyperbolic Plane ◽  
Discrete Differential Geometry ◽  
Fundamental Region ◽  
Symmetry Groups ◽  
Symmetry Detection ◽  
Conformal Deformation ◽  
Optimal Resolution ◽  
Wallpaper Groups

In this article we outline a method that automatically transforms an Euclidean ornament into a hyperbolic one. The necessary steps are pattern recognition, symmetry detection, extraction of a Euclidean fundamental region, conformal deformation to a hyperbolic fundamental region and tessellation of the hyperbolic plane with this patch. Each of these steps has its own mathematical subtleties that are discussed in this article. In particular, it is discussed which hyperbolic symmetry groups are suitable generalizations of Euclidean wallpaper groups. Furthermore it is shown how one can take advantage of methods from discrete differential geometry in order to perform the conformal deformation of the fundamental region. Finally it is demonstrated how a reverse pixel lookup strategy can be used to obtain hyperbolic images with optimal resolution.

A Generalization of the Concept of a Ring of Quotients

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
John K. Luedeman
Keyword(s):  
Left Ideal ◽  
Quotient Ring ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Duke Math ◽  
Injective Hull ◽  
Direct Products ◽  
Left Module ◽  
Matrix Rings ◽  
Ring Of Quotients ◽  
Quotient Rings

AbstractSanderson (Canad. Math. Bull., 8 (1965), 505–513), considering a nonempty collection Σ of left ideals of a ring R, with unity, defined the concepts of “Σ-injective module” and “Σ-essential extension” for unital left modules. Letting Σ be an idempotent topologizing set (called a σ-set below) Σanderson proved the existence of a “Σ-injective hull” for any unital left module and constructed an Utumi Σ-quotient ring of R as the bicommutant of the Σ-injective hull of RR. In this paper, we extend the concepts of “Σinjective module”, “Σ-essentialextension”, and “Σ-injective hull” to modules over arbitrary rings. An overring Σ of a ring R is a Johnson (Utumi) left Σ-quotient ring of R if RR is Σ-essential (Σ-dense) in RS. The maximal Johnson and Utumi Σ-quotient rings of R are constructed similar to the original method of Johnson, and conditions are given to insure their equality. The maximal Utumi Σquotient ring U of R is shown to be the bicommutant of the Σ-injective hull of RR when R has unity. We also obtain a σ-set UΣ of left ideals of U, generated by Σ, and prove that Uis its own maximal Utumi UΣ-quotient ring. A Σ-singular left ideal ZΣ(R) of R is defined and U is shown to be UΣ-injective when Z Σ(R) = 0. The maximal Utumi Σ-quotient rings of matrix rings and direct products of rings are discussed, and the quotient rings of this paper are compared with these of Gabriel (Bull. Soc. Math. France, 90 (1962), 323–448) and Mewborn (Duke Math. J. 35 (1968), 575–580). Our results reduce to those of Johnson and Utumi when 1 ∊ R and Σ is taken to be the set of all left ideals of R.

Semicritical Rings and the Quotient Problem

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-170
Author(s):  
Karl A. Kosler
Keyword(s):  
Quotient Ring ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Prime Ideals ◽  
Regular Elements ◽  
The Right ◽  
Minimal Prime ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Quotient Rings ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between the quotient problem for right noetherian nonsingular rings and the quotient problem for semicritical rings. It is shown that a right noetherian nonsingular ring R has an artinian classical quotient ring iff certain semicritical factor rings R/Ki, i = 1,…,n, possess artinian classical quotient rings and regular elements in R/Ki lift to regular elements of R for all i. If R is a two sided noetherian nonsingular ring, then the existence of an artinian classical quotient ring is equivalent to each R/Ki possessing an artinian classical quotient ring and the right Krull primes of R consisting of minimal prime ideals. If R is also weakly right ideal invariant, then the former condition is redundant. Necessary and sufficient conditions are found for a nonsingular semicritical ring to have an artinian classical quotient ring.

Quotient Rings of a Class of Lattice-Ordered-Rings

1973 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart A. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Identity Element ◽  
Quotient Ring ◽  
Ring Extension ◽  
Qf Ring ◽  
Left Quotient ◽  
Quotient Rings

An f-ring R with zero right annihilator is called a qf-ring if its Utumi maximal left quotient ring Q = Q(R) can be made into and f-ring extension of R. F. W. Anderson [2, Theorem 3.1] has characterized unital qf-rings with the following conditions: For each q ∈ Q and for each pair d1, d2 ∈ R+ such that diq ∈ R(i) (d1q)+ Λ (d2q)- = 0, and(ii) d1 Λ d2 = 0 implies (d1q)+ Λ d2 = 0.We remark that this characterization holds even when R does not have an identity element.

scholarly journals Geometry of Neumann subgroups

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi S. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Parabolic Subgroup ◽  
Fuchsian Group ◽  
Hyperbolic Plane ◽  
Modular Group ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Geometric Method ◽  
General Context ◽  
Open Disk ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Maximal Parabolic Subgroup

AbstractA Neumann subgroup of the classical modular group is by definition a complement of a maximal parabolic subgroup. Recently Neumann subgroups have been studied in a series of papers by Brenner and Lyndon. There is a natural extension of the notion of a Neumann subgroup in the context of any finitely generated Fuchsian group Γ acting on the hyperbolic plane H such that Γ/H is homeomorphic to an open disk. Using a new geometric method we extend the work of Brenner and Lyndon in this more general context.

scholarly journals Maximal quotient rings of prime group algebras. II Uniform right ideals

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hannah
Keyword(s):  
Group Algebra ◽  
Quotient Ring ◽  
Group Algebras ◽  
Normal Subgroups ◽  
Locally Finite ◽  
Residually Finite ◽  
Zero Characteristic ◽  
Quotient Rings

AbstractSuppose KG is a prime nonsingular group algebra with uniform right ideals. We show that G has no nontrivial locally finite normal subgroups. If G is soluble or residually finite, or if K has zero characteristic and G is linear, then the maximal right quotient ring of KG is simple Artinian.

The Complete Quotient Ring of Images of Semilocal Prüfer Domains

1977 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 914-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chuchel ◽  
Norman Eggert
Keyword(s):  
Homomorphic Image ◽  
Noetherian Ring ◽  
Quotient Ring ◽  
Local Rings ◽  
Topological Ring ◽  
Prüfer Domain ◽  
Prufer Domains ◽  
Prüfer Domains ◽  
Quotient Rings ◽  
Prüfer Rings

It is well known that the complete quotient ring of a Noetherian ring coincides with its classical quotient ring, as shown in Akiba [1]. But in general, the structure of the complete quotient ring of a given ring is largely unknown. This paper investigates the structure of the complete quotient ring of certain Prüfer rings. Boisen and Larsen [2] considered conditions under which a Prüfer ring is a homomorphic image of a Prüfer domain and the properties inherited from the domain. We restrict our investigation primarily to homomorphic images of semilocal Prüfer domains. We characterize the complete quotient ring of a semilocal Prüfer domain in terms of complete quotient rings of local rings and a completion of a topological ring.

Transitivity for the modular group

1980 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Sheingorn
Keyword(s):  
Real Number ◽  
Half Plane ◽  
Limit Point ◽  
Fuchsian Group ◽  
Modular Group ◽  
Fundamental Region ◽  
Hyperbolic Line ◽  
Upper Half Plane

Let Γ be a Fuchsian group of the first kind acting on the upper half plane H+. Let be a Ford fundamental region for Γ in H+. Let ξ be a real number (a limit point) and let L( = Lξ) = {ξ + iy|0 ≤ y < 1}. L can be broken into successive intervals each one of which can be mapped by an element of Γ into . Since L is a hyperbolic line (h-line), this gives us a set of h-arcs in which we will call the image.

Classical Quotient Rings and Ordinary Extensions of 2-Primal Rings

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 513-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Uk Cho ◽  
Nam Kyun Kim ◽  
Mi Hyang Kwon ◽  
Yang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Local Ring ◽  
Division Ring ◽  
Noetherian Ring ◽  
Quotient Ring ◽  
Quotient Rings

We study classical right quotient rings and ordinary extensions of various kinds of 2-primal rings, constructing examples for situations that raise naturally in the process. We show: (1) Let R be a right Ore ring with P(R) left T-nilpotent. Then Q is a 2-primal local ring with P(Q)=J(Q) = {ab-1 ∈ Q | a ∈ P(R), b ∈ C(0)} if and only if C(0)=C(P(R))=R∖P(R), where Q is the classical right quotient ring of R. (2) Let R be a right Ore ring. Then R[x] is a domain whose classical right quotient ring is a division ring if and only if R is a right p.p. ring with C(P(R))=R∖P(R). As a consequence, if R is a right Noetherian ring, then R[[x]] is a domain whose classical right quotient ring is a division ring if and only if R[x] is a domain whose classical right quotient ring is a division ring if and only if R is a right p.p. ring with C(P(R))=R∖P(R).

scholarly journals Classical quotient rings of generalized matrix rings

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Poole ◽  
Patrick N. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Associative Ring ◽  
Matrix Ring ◽  
Quotient Ring ◽  
Matrix Rings ◽  
Finite Set ◽  
Generalized Matrix ◽  
Quotient Rings

An associative ringRwith identity is a generalized matrix ring with idempotent setEifEis a finite set of orthogonal idempotents ofRwhose sum is1. We show that, in the presence of certain annihilator conditions, such a ring is semiprime right Goldie if and only ifeReis semiprime right Goldie for alle∈E, and we calculate the classical right quotient ring ofR.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document