scholarly journals Improved Deep Hiding/Extraction Algorithm to Enhance the Payload Capacity and Security Level of Hidden Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Ahmad ◽  
Nameer N. EL-Emam ◽  
Ali F. AL-Azawi
Keyword(s):  
Data Encryption ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Image Size ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Colour Image ◽  
Extraction Algorithm ◽  
Payload Capacity

Steganography algorithms have become a significant technique for preventing illegal users from obtaining secret data. In this paper, a deep hiding/extraction algorithm has been improved (IDHEA) to hide a secret message in colour images. The proposed algorithm has been applied to enhance the payload capacity and reduce the time complexity. Modified LSB (MLSB) is based on disseminating secret data randomly on a cover-image and has been proposed to replace a number of bits per byte (Nbpb), up to 4 bits, to increase payload capacity and make it difficult to access the hiding data. The number of levels of the IDHEA algorithm has been specified randomly; each level uses a colour image, and from one level to the next, the image size is expanded, where this algorithm starts with a small size of a cover-image and increases the size of the image gradually or suddenly at the next level, according to an enlargement ratio. Lossless image compression based on the run-length encoding algorithm and Gzip has been applied to enable the size of the data that is hiding at the next level, and data encryption using the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm (AES) has been introduced at each level to enhance the security level. Thus, the effectiveness of the proposed IDHEA algorithm has been measured at the last level, and the performance of the proposed hiding algorithm has been checked by many statistical and visual measures in terms of the embedding capacity and imperceptibility. Comparisons between the proposed approach and previous work have been implemented; it appears that the intended approach is better than the previously modified LSB algorithms, and it works against visual and statistical attacks with excellent performance achieved by using the detection error (PE). Furthermore, the results confirmed that the stego-image with high imperceptibility has reached even a payload capacity that is large and replaces twelve bits per pixel (12-bpp). Moreover, testing is confirmed in that the proposed algorithm can embed secret data efficiently with better visual quality.

scholarly journals An RGB colour image steganography scheme using overlapping block-based pixel-value differencing

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 161066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv Prasad ◽  
Arup Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Colour Image ◽  
Pixel Value ◽  
Block Based ◽  
Pixel Value Differencing

This paper presents a steganographic scheme based on the RGB colour cover image. The secret message bits are embedded into each colour pixel sequentially by the pixel-value differencing (PVD) technique. PVD basically works on two consecutive non-overlapping components; as a result, the straightforward conventional PVD technique is not applicable to embed the secret message bits into a colour pixel, since a colour pixel consists of three colour components, i.e. red, green and blue. Hence, in the proposed scheme, initially the three colour components are represented into two overlapping blocks like the combination of red and green colour components, while another one is the combination of green and blue colour components, respectively. Later, the PVD technique is employed on each block independently to embed the secret data. The two overlapping blocks are readjusted to attain the modified three colour components. The notion of overlapping blocks has improved the embedding capacity of the cover image. The scheme has been tested on a set of colour images and satisfactory results have been achieved in terms of embedding capacity and upholding the acceptable visual quality of the stego-image.

Novel Multifold Secured System by Combining Multimodal Mask Steganography and Naive Based Random Visual Cryptography System for Digital Communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 5279-5295
Author(s):  
S. Jahnavi ◽  
C. Nandini
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cryptography ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Digital World

With increase in growth of data and digital threat, demand of securing the data communicated over the internet is an essential play in the digital world. In the vision of digitalizing services with the next generation of security to the sensitive data transmitted over the internet by hiding the existence of the data using next generation cryptography by fusing cryptography techniques is one the major technique adopted. With this the aim in traditional Least Significant Bit (LSB) is one of the widely used technique. Where the secret message or image are placed in the cover image in the least significant bits of RGB Channels resulting in a stego image. But the drawback is, on suspecting the differences in the pixels of original and stegoimage in the secret data embedded can be guessed and extracted by attacker. The Proposed visual crypto-mask steganography method overcomes this drawback and support good payload capacity with multi modal approach of embedding biometrics, resulting in ∞ PSNR. The authenticated person face and fingerprint information is transmitted in a cover image and mask image (magic sheet) using proposed steganography and is combined with Random Visual Crypto Technique. Which results in enhanced and advance visual crypto steganography secured model in communicating sensitive (biometric features) information over the internet. Where the complete information cannot be extracted using only cover image. Mask image (magic sheet) is used along with cover image that reveals the secret data in the receiving end.

DESIGN OF SECURE IMAGE DATA HIDING FOR SECURITY PROTOCOL USING AES AND LSB ALGORITHM

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Multimedia Data ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Encryption Scheme ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image

This paper presents a critical analysis on new and original proposed algorithm based on hiding any data has been used that overcomes the disadvantages of the existing algorithms and helps to provide less similarity between cover image and stego image and obtain accuracy upto 69.6 percentage and increases its robustness using metrics called mean square error and peak signal to noise ratio. In the wireless environment cryptography suffers from various spyware programs that shows corrupted secret information to innocent users who uses image steganography services from user. In our proposed prototype helps to authenticate the sender to make the unnoticeable image from original image. In our proposal work discovers a secure authentication communication model would able to cover multimedia data like first text to be hide, second image to be hide and third audio secret data to be hide in cover image without much noticed to any user in between network. In order to provide additional security to this model we incorporate AES encryption scheme where secret message is encrypted and hidden in the cover audio. The proposed approach uses DCT coefficient computation and AES encryption scheme. An extensive experimental study is carried based on different test cases and evaluated against state-of-art techniques. The experimental study shows that the proposed approach achieves better performance for audio steganography. Keywords: AES, steganography, cover image, hiding image, network, digital data.

scholarly journals Hybrid Image Steganography Method Using LZW and Genetic Algorithm for Hiding Confidential Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkarem Almawgani ◽  
Adam Alhawari ◽  
Wlaed Alarashi ◽  
Ali Alshwal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Lzw Algorithm

Abstract Digital images are commonly used in steganography due to the popularity of digital image transfer and exchange through the Internet. However, the tradeoff between managing high capacity of secret data and ensuring high security and quality of stego image is a major challenge. In this paper, a hybrid steganography method based on Haar Discrete Wavelet Transform (HDWT), Lempel Ziv Welch (LZW) algorithm, Genetic Algorithm (GA), and the Optimal Pixel Adjustment Process (OPAP) is proposed. The cover image is divided into non-overlapping blocks of nxn pixels. Then, the HDWT is used to increase the robustness of the stego image against attacks. In order to increase the capacity for, and security of, the hidden image, the LZW algorithm is applied on the secret message. After that, the GA is employed to give the encoded and compressed secret message cover image coefficients. The GA is used to find the optimal mapping function for each block in the image. Lastly, the OPAP is applied to reduce the error, i.e., the difference between the cover image blocks and the stego image blocks. This step is a further improvement to the stego image quality. The proposed method was evaluated using four standard images as covers and three types of secret messages. The results demonstrate higher visual quality of the stego image with a large size of embedded secret data than what is generated by already-known techniques. The experimental results show that the information-hiding capacity of the proposed method reached to 50% with high PSNR (52.83 dB). Thus, the herein proposed hybrid image steganography method improves the quality of the stego image over those of the state-of-the-art methods.

scholarly journals An novel architecture for information hiding using HMAC-MD5

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agilandeeswari Loganathan ◽  
Brindha Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Stiffy Sunny ◽  
Muralibabu Kumaravel
Keyword(s):  
Data Security ◽  
Information Hiding ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Digital Form ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Current Discussion ◽  
Payload Capacity ◽  
Lsb Technique ◽  
Embedded Image

Communication in digital form has become the part of day todays lifestyle, in certain moment communication is made secret to avoid others from knowing the information. By providing security to the sensitive data it is ensured that the users data is protected from viewing and accessing by others. In the current discussion about data security, Steganographic algorithm using two mediums has been discussed that involves image based encryption and converting to word file. The stage involving image based encryption uses HMAC-MD5 algorithm along with LSB steganography. LSB technique scatters the secret data which have to be protected over the entire image. Convert the embedded image in word file, so that the secret message is made unavailable to others who try to obtain the file. This method provides greater payload capacity along with higher image fidelity and thus make the proposed system is more robust against attacks.

scholarly journals High-Capacity Image Steganography Algorithm Based on Image Style Transfer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xinliang Bi ◽  
Xiaoyuan Yang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Jia Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Capacity ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Style Transfer ◽  
Secret Image ◽  
Secret Information

Steganography is a technique for publicly transmitting secret information through a cover. Most of the existing steganography algorithms are based on modifying the cover image, generating a stego image that is very similar to the cover image but has different pixel values, or establishing a mapping relationship between the stego image and the secret message. Attackers will discover the existence of secret communications from these modifications or differences. In order to solve this problem, we propose a steganography algorithm ISTNet based on image style transfer, which can convert a cover image into another stego image with a completely different style. We have improved the decoder so that the secret image features can be fused with style features in a variety of sizes to improve the accuracy of secret image extraction. The algorithm has the functions of image steganography and image style transfer at the same time, and the images it generates are both stego images and stylized images. Attackers will pay more attention to the style transfer side of the algorithm, but it is difficult to find the steganography side. Experiments show that our algorithm effectively increases the steganography capacity from 0.06 bpp to 8 bpp, and the generated stylized images are not significantly different from the stylized images on the Internet.

scholarly journals Embedding information into JPEG images with distortion masking in frequency domain

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A. S. Melman ◽  
◽  
P. O. Petrov ◽  
A. A. Shelupanov ◽  
A. V. Aristov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Information Protection ◽  
Quantization Step ◽  
Jpeg Images ◽  
Statistical Steganalysis

Steganography allows to ensure the confidentiality of information by organizing covert data transmission channels. However, the effectiveness of steganographic information protection directly depends on the invisibility of a secret message, both for the human eye and for steganalysis methods. The paper proposes an approach that allows solving the problem of vulnerability of the popular QIM embedding method to statistical steganalysis. For this, it is proposed to use a variable quantization step, which is adaptively selected for each block of the JPEG cover image. The experimental results demonstrate an increase in the security level of steganographic embedding due to the application of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF CRYPTOGRAPHY AND STEGANOGRAPHY FOR TEXT ON COVER IMAGE USING AES AND F5 ALGORITHM

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Astuti Nugrahaeni ◽  
R. Rumani M. R. Rumani M. ◽  
Surya Michrandi Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Cover Image ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Original Image ◽  
File Size ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Size Change ◽  
Avalanche Effect ◽  
Aes Algorithm ◽  
Significant Difference

This journal explains about implementation that combine both cryptography and steganography method for texton cover image to increase the security level. Text will be encrypted with AES algorithm, and then it will be embedded to the cover image using F5 algorithm. The implemented AES algorithm has a good performance, with Avalanche Effect value ranges from 0.43 � 0.59. The resulting image, or stego image, has a very similar histogram with the original image, so there is no significant difference between the two of them. However, the file size change about 1.25 � 3.25 times larger than theoriginal image. If noise or disruption is given to stego image, the information can not be extracted.Keywords: cryptography, steganography, AES, F5

Multimedia Information Security and Privacy

2011 ◽  
pp. 214-251
Author(s):  
Ming Yang ◽  
Monica Trifas ◽  
Guillermo Francia ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Yongliang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Information Hiding ◽  
Data Encryption ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Video Encryption ◽  
High Level

Information security has traditionally been ensured with data encryption techniques. Different generic data encryption standards, such as DES, RSA, AES, have been developed. These encryption standards provide high level of security to the encrypted data. However, they are not very efficient in the encryption of multimedia contents due to the large volume of digital image/video data. In order to address this issue, different image/video encryption methodologies have been developed. These methodologies encrypt only the key parameters of image/video data instead of encrypting it as a bitstream. Joint compression-encryption is a very promising direction for image/video encryption. Nowadays, researchers start to utilize information hiding techniques to enhance the security level of data encryption methodologies. Information hiding conceals not only the content of the secret message, but also its very existence. In terms of the amount of data to be embedded, information hiding methodologies can be classified into low bitrate and high bitrate algorithms. In terms of the domain for embedding, they can be classified into spatial domain and transform domain algorithms. In this chapter, the authors have reviewed various data encryption standards, image/video encryption algorithms, and joint compression-encryption methodologies. Besides, the authors have also presented different categories of information hiding methodologies as well as data embedding strategies for digital image/video contents.

scholarly journals A Formula Adaptive Pixel Pair Matching Steganography Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Min Long ◽  
Fenfang Li
Keyword(s):  
Secret Message ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Pixel Pair ◽  
Pair Matching ◽  
The Look ◽  
The Given ◽  
Notational System ◽  
Additional Space ◽  
Selection Of

Pixel pair matching (PPM) is widely used in digital image steganography. As an important derivation, adaptive pixel pair matching method (APPM) offers low distortion and allows embedded digits in any notational system. However, APPM needs additional space to store, calculate, and query neighborhood set, which needs extra cost. To solve these problems, a formula adaptive pixel pair matching (FAPPM) method is proposed in this paper. The basic idea of FAPPM is to use the formula to get the stego image pixel pair without searching the neighborhood set for the given image pixel pair. This will allow users to embed secret message directly without storing and searching the look-up table. Experimental results and analysis show that the proposed method could embed secret data directly without searching the neighborhood sets by using a formula and it still maintains flexibility in the selection of notional system, high image quality, and strong anti-steganalysis ability.

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