Evaluation of beneficial and adverse effects on plants and animals following lithium deficiency and supplementation, and on humans following lithium treatment of mood disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 91-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Lithium Deficiency

scholarly journals Overview of lithium's use: a nationwide survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xabier Pérez de Mendiola ◽  
Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei ◽  
Eduard Vieta ◽  
Ana González-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Lithium Salts ◽  
National Society

Abstract Background Lithium is considered the gold standard treatment for bipolar disorder (BD). Current clinical guidelines and scientific evidence support its use as a first-line treatment in BD. However, over the last two decades, there has been a downward tendency in lithium's use in several developed countries. Based on a nationwide survey, this study's objective is to analyze in a large sample of psychiatrists relevant issues of the use of lithium salts in BD. Methods Data were collected through an anonymous survey sent by email among 500 psychiatrists who belong to a National Society of Psychiatry (Spanish Society of Biological Psychiatry). The survey is a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 21 items on the most key aspects of lithium's use (indication, dosage, monitoring, and information for patients). Results 212 psychiatrists completed the survey. 70% of psychiatrists prescribe lithium to more than 50% of patients diagnosed with BD. Adverse effects are the main reason not to use lithium salts. Over 75% of the participants consider lithium salts the treatment of choice for the maintenance phase of BD, both in women and men. Most of the participants (> 50%) start lithium after the first affective episode, use conservative plasma concentrations (0.6–0.8 mmol/L), and generally prescribe it twice a day. 57% of psychiatrists who treat patients under 18 do not use lithium in this population. About 70% of the survey respondents use official protocols to inform and monitor patients on lithium treatment. Conclusions From the results of the present study, it can be concluded that the use of lithium in Spain is in line with the recommendations of the main international clinical guidelines and current scientific literature. The first reason not to prescribe lithium in our country is the perception of its adverse effects and not the aspects related to its practical use or its effectiveness. Considering that BD is a chronic disease with a typical onset in adolescence, the low rate of prescription of lithium salts in patients under 18 must be thoroughly studied.

The Prevention of Suicide in Patients with Recurrent Mood Disorder

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 334-339
Author(s):  
Malcolm Peet
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Mental Health Workers ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Commit Suicide

Recurrent mood disorder carries a risk of suicide of ~ 15%. Patients who do commit suicide have often received inadequate antidepressant or prophylactic lithium treatment. Long-term treatment with lithium normalizes the excess mortality associated with recurrent mood disorders, including that from suicide. A reduced availability of the most lethal methods of suicide may contribute epidemiologically to a reduced rate of suicide, and therefore the differences in overdose toxicity between antidepressants may be pertinent. Education of mental health workers regarding the effective treatment of mood disorders can help to reduce the rate of suicide. Patient education and psychological support can lead to improved compliance with prophylactic medication and early detection of relapse, but more formal psychotherapy does not appear to be helpful. Specialized mood disorder clinics lead to better patient care than is possible in a routine psychiatric out-patient clinic.

Combined clozapine-lithium treatment for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Moldavsky ◽  
D Stein ◽  
R Benatov ◽  
P Sirota ◽  
A Elizur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

SummaryThree adolescent and two adult patients suffering from chronic excited psychoses (either schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder) resistant to traditional neuroleptics and clozapine were treated with combined clozapine-lithium. Improvement was assessed with the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Clinical Global Impressions, administered before and during combined clozapine-lithium treatment. All patients demonstrated a significant improvement with this combination. There was no occurrence of agranulocytosis, neuroleptic malignant syndrome or other clinically significant adverse effects.

Large-scale suicide prevention by pharmacological treatment of mood disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S53-S53
Author(s):  
E. Isometsa
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Treatment Provision

IntroductionIn psychological autopsy studies, at least half of suicides have suffered from depressive or bipolar disorders at time of death. Improving access to care and provision of evidence-based pharmacotherapies can be important preventive measures.ObjectivesTo examine suicide risk and pharmacoepidemiology in mood disorders; evidence for efficacy of pharmacotherapies in mood disorders and in preventing suicidal behaviour in them, and limitations to effectiveness of treatment due to problems of adherence.AimsTo evaluate potentials for suicide prevention in mood disorders by improved access to treatment, improved quality of treatment provision, improved adherence, or by specific pharmacotherapies.MethodsSelective review of literature.ResultsRisk of suicide death and attempts in mood disorders clusters into major depressive and mixed illness episodes, and time spent in them is a major determinant of risk, but direct evidence for preventive effects of effective pharmacotherapies remains limited. Observational and randomized studies indicate lithium treatment to reduce risk of suicide deaths and attempts. Ecological evidence from Europe shows increasing sales of antidepressants to consistently associate with declining regional suicide rates. Forensic chemical studies still find majority suicides negative for antidepressants. Poor adherence is a central problem in treatment provision.ConclusionsPositive impact of increase in pharmacotherapy provision in the last few decades on suicide mortality remains uncertain. Lithium is the pharmacological agent with best evidence for preventive utility, but underused. Providing treatments for those at risk, improving quality and continuity of treatment, and integrating them with psychosocial approaches is likely to be beneficial for suicide prevention.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The genetic overlap between mood disorders and cardio-metabolic diseases: A systematic review of genome wide and candidate gene studies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azmeraw T. Amare ◽  
Klaus Oliver Schubert ◽  
Sarah Cohen-Woods ◽  
Bernhard T. Baune
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Axonal Guidance ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Candidate Gene Studies

ABSTRACTMeta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (meta-GWAS) and candidate gene studies have identified genetic variants associated with cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and mood disorders. Although previous efforts were successful for individual disease conditions (single disease), limited information exists on shared genetic risk between these disorders. This article presents a detailed review and analysis of cardio-metabolic diseases risk (CMD-R) genes that are also associated with mood disorders. Firstly, we reviewed meta-GWA studies published until January 2016, for the diseases “type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypertension” and/or for the risk factors “blood pressure, obesity, plasma lipid levels, insulin and glucose related traits”. We then searched the literature for published associations of these CMD-R genes with mood disorders. We considered studies that reported a significant association of at least one of the CMD-R genes and “depressive disorder” OR “depressive symptoms” OR “bipolar disorder” OR “lithium treatment”, OR “serotonin reuptake inhibitors treatment”. Our review revealed 24 potential pleiotropic genes that are likely to be shared between mood disorders and CMD-Rs. These genes include MTHFR, CACNA1D, CACNB2, GNAS, ADRB1, NCAN, REST, FTO, POMC, BDNF, CREB, ITIH4, LEP, GSK3B, SLC18A1, TLR4, PPP1R1B, APOE, CRY2, HTR1A, ADRA2A, TCF7L2, MTNR1B, and IGF1. A pathway analysis of these genes revealed significant pathways: corticotrophin-releasing hormone signaling, AMPK signaling, cAMP-mediated or G-protein coupled receptor signaling, axonal guidance signaling, serotonin and dopamine receptors signaling, dopamine-DARPP32 feedback in cAMP signaling, circadian rhythm signaling and leptin signaling. Our findings provide insights in to the shared biological mechanisms of mood disorders and cardio-metabolic diseases.

Book Review: Lithium Treatment of Mood Disorders: A Practical Guide

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-87
Author(s):  
Gordon Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Practical Guide

Prevention and Management of Common Adverse Effects of Ketamine and Esketamine in Patients with Mood Disorders

CNS Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Ceban ◽  
Joshua D. Rosenblat ◽  
Kevin Kratiuk ◽  
Yena Lee ◽  
Nelson B. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Mood Disorders

scholarly journals Lithium in mood disorders: increasing evidence base, declining use?

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (6) ◽  
pp. 474-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan H. Young ◽  
Judith M Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Efficacious Treatment ◽  
Meta Analyses

SummaryUse of lithium for the treatment of bipolar disorder may be declining even as knowledge of the efficacy and side-effects of lithium has increased. Recent meta-analyses confirm the benefits of maintenance lithium treatment and show that it reduces suicide and suicidality. Psychiatrists should continue to utilise this efficacious treatment for bipolar disorder.

Clinical observation of 11 patients under clozapine-lithium association

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bryois ◽  
F Ferrero
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Lithium Sulfate ◽  
Plasmatic Level ◽  
The Mean

SummaryTen men and one woman aged 27 to 52 years and presenting chronic evolution of their psychotic disorders benefited from a treatment which associated lithium sulfate at a plasmatic level of 0.5 to 0.8 meq/L with clozapine (mean posology: 300 mg/day). Five patients presented chronic disorganized schizophrenia (295.14), five a schizoaffective disorder (295.70) and one patient chronic undifferentiated schizophrenia (295.94) according to DSM III-R. Nine of the eleven patients showed mood disorders in addition to their psychotic and dissociative symptomatology. The remaining two presented chronic disorganised schizophrenia with aggressive behaviour. The clozapine-lithium association led to stabilization and improvement in the condition of all patients. Nine patients are still undergoing treatment with satisfactory results. The mean duration of the clozapine-lithium treatment, which has proved to be well tolerated with regard to side-effects, is about five years.

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