El Deportista y la Atención Plena. / The Athlete and the Mindfulness.

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (05) ◽  
pp. 173-187
Author(s):  
Víctor Manuel Cepeda Salas ◽  
Alicia Elena Romero Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Alternative Proposal

El presente artículo explica y une el concepto de Atención Plena (Mindfulness) al deporte y a las experiencias de los atletas. Crítica a los modelos actuales de intervención en Psicología del Deporte y establece una propuesta alternativa. Mindfulness se ha descrito como una conciencia centrada en el presente, no elaborativa y no enjuiciadora, en la cual cada pensamiento, sentimiento o sensación que surge en el campo atencional es reconocido y aceptado tal como es (Kabat-Zinn, 1990; Segal, Williams y Teasdale, 2002; Shapiro y Schartz, 1999). Para el deportista significa aprender a estar en el momento presente, no detenerse en hechos del pasado como fallos o anticipar eventos futuros, como ganar o perder. Programas como Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement (MSPE) de Kaufman y Glass (2006); y el programa Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) de Gardner y Moore (2004, 2007), contribuirían a aumentar las experiencias de flow, reducirían la ansiedad pre-competitiva, incluso inciden en medidas de resultado atlético. This article explains and connects the concept of Mindfulness sports and the experiences of athletes. Criticizes the current models of intervention in Sport Psychology and establishes an alternative Proposal. Mindfulness hasbeen Described as a non-elaborative consciousness focused on the present, not judgmental, In Which every thought, feeling or sensation That Arises in the attentional field is Recognized and accepted as is (Kabat-Zinn, 1990; Segal, Williams and Teasdale, 2002; Shapiro and Schwartz, 1999). For the athlete Means learning to be in the present moment, not dwell on past events: such as failures or anticipate future events, winning or losing: such as. Programs like Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement (MSPE) of Kaufman and Glass (2006); and Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) Gardner and Moore (2004, 2007), the program would Enhance the experiences of flow, reduces the pre-competitive anxiety even Affect athletic outcomes.

Systematically Reviewing the Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Enhanced Athletic Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Sappington ◽  
Kathryn Longshore
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Psychological Skills Training ◽  
Quality Of Research

The field of applied sport psychology has traditionally grounded its performance enhancement techniques in the cognitive-behavioral elements of psychological skills training. These interventions typically advocate for controlling one’s cognitive and emotional processes during performance. Mindfulness-based approaches, on the other hand, have recently been introduced and employed more frequently in an effort to encourage athletes to adopt a nonjudgmental acceptance of all thoughts and emotions. Like many applied interventions in sport psychology, however, the body of literature supporting the efficacy of mindfulness-based approaches for performance enhancement is limited, and few efforts have been made to draw evidence-based conclusions from the existing research. The current paper had the purpose of systematically reviewing research on mindfulness-based interventions with athletes to assess (a) the efficacy of these approaches in enhancing sport performance and (b) the methodological quality of research conducted thus far. A comprehensive search of relevant databases, including peer-reviewed and gray literature, yielded 19 total trials (six case studies, two qualitative studies, seven nonrandomized trials, and four randomized trials) in accordance with the inclusion criteria. An assessment tool was used to score studies on the quality of research methodology. While a review of this literature yielded preliminary support for the efficacy of mindfulness-based performance enhancement strategies, the body of research also shows a need for more methodologically rigorous trials.

scholarly journals Mindfulness y rendimiento deportivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Mañas ◽  
Jesús Del Águila ◽  
Clemente Franco ◽  
Mª Dolores Gil ◽  
Consolación Gil
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Bodily Sensations ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Interventions

Resumen: La inclusión del mindfulness en el deporte es un campo reciente. Mientras que la psicología del deporte ha dependido principalmente de la “segunda ola” de intervenciones cognitivo-conductuales durante las últimas cuatro décadas, una nueva aproximación que incluye al mindfulness se ha desarrollado recientemente: la “tercera ola”. Esta nueva aproximación asume la idea de que el rendimiento es un estado que no se basa en el auto-control o cambio del comportamiento, sino que es un estado que emerge del reconcomiendo y aceptación de los pensamientos, emociones y sensaciones corporales. La práctica del mindfulness permite aprender a observar y aceptar los pensamientos, emociones y sensaciones corporales sin intentar eliminarlos o modificarlos. Este trabajo revisa los dos principales programas de mindfulness para el rendimiento deportivo, ambos de la “tercera ola”: el Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement (MSPE) y el Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC). Mindfulness and sport performance Abstract: Mindfulness in sports is a recent field. While sport psychology relied mainly on “second wave” cognitive-behavioural interventions for the last four decades, a new approach has recently been developed in sport psychology including mindfulness: a “third wave” approach. This new approach assumes that ideal performance is a state that is not based on self-control or change in behaviour, but rather a state that arises from recognition and acceptance of thoughts, emotions and bodily sensations. Practicing mindfulness allows learns to observe and accept the thoughts, emotions, and body sensations, without making any attempt to eliminate or modify them. This paper reviews the main programs of mindfulness in sport performance both from the “third wave”: Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement (MSPE) and Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC).

Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement: Randomized Controlled Trial of a Mental Training Program With Collegiate Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol R. Glass ◽  
Claire A. Spears ◽  
Rokas Perskaudas ◽  
Keith A. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Randomized Controlled

College is a stressful time for many students, including student-athletes, who may benefit from mindfulness interventions focusing on present-moment awareness and nonjudgmental acceptance. Mindful sport performance enhancement (MSPE) has shown promise in previous open trials for promoting both athlete well-being and psychological factors related to sport performance, and this first randomized controlled trial of MSPE was conducted with mixed-sport groups of 52 NCAA Division III student-athletes. Each of the six sessions included educational, discussion-based, experiential, and home practice components, with meditation exercises progressing from sedentary mindfulness to mindfulness in motion. Whereas wait-list controls showed significant increases in depressive symptoms, those who received MSPE evidenced non-significant reductions in depressive symptoms over the course of treatment. Furthermore, once controls had also received MSPE, treatment completers (the 41% who attended at least five of six MSPE sessions) demonstrated significant increases in flow, trait mindfulness, satisfaction with life, and self-rated sport performance, along with reductions in worry, with medium to large effect sizes. There were no significant changes for treatment completers from post-treatment to 6-month follow-up, suggesting that improvements were maintained over time.

Psychodynamics in Sport Performance Enhancement Consultation: Application of an Interpersonal Theory

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Conroy ◽  
Lorna Smith Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interpersonal Theory ◽  
Case Formulation ◽  
Fear Of Success ◽  
Performance Problems ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
A Performance

Psychodynamic concepts have only recently begun to attract serious attention in the sport psychology literature. A dynamically based, interpersonal approach to sport psychology consultation is outlined in this article. Key interpersonal constructs such as important persons and their internalized representations (IPIRs), copy processes, and self-sacrificing gifts of love are described to portray how a case formulation may be developed to explain and guide interventions to overcome some performance problems. Two cases, one involving a performance phobia and the other an enduring slump related to a fear of success, are presented to demonstrate the unique contributions of interpersonal case formulations in performance enhancement consultation.

scholarly journals Diachronic Tendency and Thinking Style Across the Broader Autism Spectrum: Sources of Individual Differences?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stian Orm ◽  
Ella Holt Holmberg ◽  
Paul L. Harris ◽  
Maria Nunez ◽  
Francisco Pons
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Broader Autism Phenotype ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Inner Speech ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Thinking Style ◽  
Mental Images ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
Future Events

Abstract Objectives First, to see whether previous studies showing a limited capacity to spontaneously evoke the past and the future of a present moment (diachronic tendency) and a prevalence of mental images over inner speech (thinking style) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder could be replicated in individuals belonging to the broader autism phenotype. Second, to test the hypothesis that individuals thinking with mental images have a more limited diachronic tendency compared with individuals thinking with inner speech. Methods Adults (N = 309, Mage = 31.5 years, 76% women) with at least a high school degree were assessed with the Autism Spectrum Quotient, a test of diachronic tendency comprising four pictures varying in social interactivity and dynamicity, and a thinking style scale comprising three items representing three different everyday situations. Results The results showed that adults with many autistic traits have a limited diachronic tendency but only when the situation is socially interactive and dynamic, think more in mental images than individuals with no or few autistic traits but nevertheless still think more with inner speech than with mental images, and the more the participants reported thinking in inner speech, the more they evoked past and future events when describing a socially interactive and dynamic situation. Conclusions More autistic traits are associated with a limited diachronic tendency in socially interactive and dynamic situations and more thinking in mental images, and thinking style could be one of the determinants of diachronic tendency in socially interactive and dynamic situations.

The Relationship between Observable Self-Talk and Competitive Junior Tennis Players' Match Performances

1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy L. Van Raalte ◽  
Britten W. Brewer ◽  
Patricia M. Rivera ◽  
Albert J. Petitpas
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Competitive Sport ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Broad Interest

In sport psychology, there is broad interest in cognitive factors that affect sport performance. The purpose of this research was to examine one such factor, self-talk, in competitive sport performance. Twenty-four junior tennis players were observed during tournament matches. Their observable self-talk, gestures, and match scores were recorded. Players also described their positive, negative, and other thoughts on a postmatch questionnaire. A descriptive analysis of the self-talk and gestures that occurred during competition was generated. It was found that negative self-talk was associated with losing and that players who reported believing in the utility of self-talk won more points than players who did not. These results suggest that self-talk influences competitive sport outcomes. The importance of "believing" in self-talk and the potential motivational and detrimental effects of negative self-talk on performance are discussed.

scholarly journals Relationship of Target-Based Orientation and Competitive Anxiety With Female Basketball Players’ Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9a) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Gul Eda Burmaoglu
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Relationship Of

The main purpose of this research was to determine relationship of the target-based orientation and the Competitive anxiety with the young Basketball players’ performance in Erzurum province championship tournaments. So the whole young Basketball players’ of Erzurum Province participating in the championship tournaments in 2014 were selected as the statistical technique. The questionnaire of the target-based orientation at sport and the questionnaire of the competitive anxiety and the study of the Basketball players’' results were applied in order to gather the related data. This study was an applied and a descriptive-correlation type. The results showed there is a significant relationship between the target-based orientation and sport performance of Basketball players’ participated in Erzurum championship tournaments. There is also significant relationship between the task-based element and sport performance of the young Basketball players’. There is no observed a significant relationship between the target-based orientation and sport performance of the Basketball players’. There is a significant relationship between the competitive anxiety and the sport performance of the young Basketball players’ in the championship tournaments of Erzurum.

Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement (MSPE)

2019 ◽  
pp. 173-190
Author(s):  
Keith A. Kaufman ◽  
Carol R. Glass ◽  
Timothy R. Pineau
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Sport Performance
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