scholarly journals The Affordable Care Act (2010) and its perceived impact on assisted fertility care access: Pilot data from a national sample of women’s health practitioners in USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Denis A Vaughan ◽  
Irene Dimitriadis ◽  
Eric Scott Sills ◽  
Kelly Pagidis
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act (ACA), or “Obamacare”, represents the most substantial reform of the U.S. healthcare system since the 1965 creation of Medicare and Medicaid. This investigation sought to ascertain knowledge and opinion among physicians providing women’s healthcare services about how this national health program will impact access to fertility treatments.Methods: Between May-July 2014, doctor’s perceptions of ACA were registered by anonymous questionnaire submitted to program directors and house staff at 50 accredited obstetrics & gynecology training centers in USA. Self-reported political preferences were also tabulated for each respondent.Results: Overall, 53.3% of participants (n = 114) claimed familiarity with ACA although this varied significantly by seniority (68.8% of faculty vs. 40% of trainees; p = .003). Among respondents 54.9% identified as liberal, 23% as moderate, and 19.5% as conservative. Most physicians in this sample (51.8%) anticipated a positive impact on assisted fertility care from ACA, 17.9% predicted an adverse effect, and just under one third (30.3%) either had no opinion or were unable to make a prediction.Conclusions: This study offers the first analysis of women’s healthcare physicians’ opinion about the impact of ACA on assisted fertility services. Our report finds low general familiarity of ACA among doctors. Moreover, marked divisions of opinion exist among physicians concerning the ACA in general, as well as what role the ACA should play in the provision of assisted fertility care specifically. If U.S. physicians are to provide leadership on women’s healthcare policy initiatives with a view to reach consensus (especially with respect to assisted fertility services), improved awareness of the ACA and its sequela will be crucial.

scholarly journals Perceptions of the affordable care act by Physician Assistants

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Martina I. Reinhold ◽  
Theresa Bacon-Baguley
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Physician Assistants ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Affordable Care Act ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Implementation of the affordable care act (ACA) resulted in an increased number of insured individuals and a shortage of primary care physicians. Physician Assistants (PAs) are poised to address this shortage since the PA profession is grounded in teamwork exemplified by the Accountable Care Organizations supported by the ACA. This study assesses the perception of the ACA by PAs providing healthcare services during implementation of the ACA.Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional study, alumni from a Midwest PA program were surveyed in 2014, 2016 and 2018 on knowledge and perception of the ACA. Questions addressed the ACA impact on the PA profession and on patients’ access to healthcare.Results: During the initial four years of ACA implementation, the following increases in perception were seen: 1) 32% increase in positive outlook of healthcare; 2) 37% increase in positive influence on PA practice; 3) 30% increase in positive impact of practice autonomy; 4) 64% increase in positive impact for patients; and 5) 33% increase in patient access to care. Additionally, the inability to choose a provider increased by 18%.Conclusions: Over the last four years PAs have perceived positive effects pertaining to their practice and regarding the impact on their patients despite an increase in the inability to choose a provider. Inability to choose a provider may in part be due to the rising number of narrow-network plans. The findings of greater autonomy and increased compensation for PAs are contrary to physicians who perceive the ACA to decrease their autonomy and their compensation.

scholarly journals 3015 Enhancing Outcomes in Childcare Settings for Young Children with Behavior Disorders: An Examination of Conscious Discipline Implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 88-88
Author(s):  
Sufna Gheyara John ◽  
Nicola Edge ◽  
Michael Cucciare ◽  
Nicholas Long
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Teacher Perspectives ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Full Implementation ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: 1. Identify the extent of CD implementation for trained childcare teachers. 2. Explore teacher perspectives on the impact of CD. 3. Explore teacher perspectives on barriers and facilitators to full implementation of CD. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We conducted a survey with 267 childcare teachers who had been trained in CD across the state, representing early childhood educational environments in urban and rural settings. Specific questions were asked related to level of CD implementation, perceived benefit, and facilitators/barriers to full implementation. A random subset of the sample (8 teachers) participated in a subsequent focus group to explore survey themes in greater depth. Focus group members were asked about their rationale for attending CD training, CD implementation (including barriers/facilitators to full implementation), and perceived impact on their classrooms. The focus group was recorded and transcribed to capture questions and comments. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Objective 1: 1. 30% of teachers reported full implementation of CD. 2. 50% of teachers reported partial implementation of CD. Objective 2: 1. The vast majority of teachers (95%) agreed that CD had a positive impact on their classroom, including better structure and enhanced relationships with the children. 2. The vast majority of teachers (85%) agreed that CD had a positive impact on the children in their classroom, including increases in problem-solving abilities and self-control. Objective 3: 1. Most teachers (71%) reported experiencing barriers to CD implementation, with the majority of those surveyed (93%) stating that additional implementation support would be helpful. 2. The top three barriers to implementation elicited in survey and focus groups included uncertainty regarding how to begin implementing CD in the classroom, lacking materials for CD implementation, and lacking time to focus on applying knowledge from training into the classroom. 3. The top three facilitators for implementation elicited in survey and focus groups included coaching support for teachers, training agency leadership in CD, and greater perceived impact of CD. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Childhood disruptive behaviors are among the most frequent reasons for referral to specialized services in and out of the classroom (Sukhodolsky, Smith, McCauley, Ibrahim, & Piasecka, 2016). Disruptive and aggressive behaviors are problematic, not only for victims of children who are aggressive but also for aggressive children as they age. Although effective treatments exist, the level of effective implementation of these interventions are understudied. These results demonstrate that 2/3 of teachers trained in CD are not fully implementing the model and provides concrete barriers and facilitators to current implementation. These data will provide the initial foundation for the development of a targeted implementation strategy that supports full implementation of CD within early childhood education settings.

scholarly journals The effects of restaurant nutrition menu labelling on college students’ healthy eating behaviours

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary G Roseman ◽  
Hyun-Woo Joung ◽  
Eun-Kyong (Cindy) Choi ◽  
Hak-Seon Kim
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Nutrition Information ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Southwest Usa ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Daily Calorie Intake

AbstractObjectiveAccording to the US Affordable Care Act, restaurant chains are required to provide energy (calorie) and other nutrition information on their menu. The current study examined the impact of menu labelling containing calorie information and recommended daily calorie intake, along with subjective nutrition knowledge, on intention to select lower-calorie foods prior to the implementation of the Affordable Care Act.DesignFull factorial experimental design with participants exposed to four variants of a sample menu in a 2 (presence v. absence of calorie information) ×2 (presence v. absence of recommended daily calorie intake).SettingLarge, public university in the Southwest USA.SubjectsPrimarily undergraduate college students.ResultsMajority of participants were 19–23 years of age (mean 21·8 (sd 3·6) years). Menu information about calorie content and respondents’ subjective nutrition knowledge had a significantly positive impact on students’ intention to select lower-calorie foods (β=0·24, P<0·001 and β=0·33, P<0·001, respectively); however, recommended daily calorie intake information on the menu board did not influence students’ intention to select lower-calorie foods (β=0·10, P=0·105). Gender played a significant role on purchase intent for lower-calorie menu items, with females more affected by the calorie information than males (β=0·37, P<0·001).ConclusionsFindings support the role menu labelling can play in encouraging a healthier lifestyle for college students. College students who are Generation Y desire healthier menu options and accept nutritional labels on restaurant menus as a way to easily and expediently obtain nutrition information.

Did the time frame associated with the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act noticeably impact consumer bankruptcy filings?

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1957-1972
Author(s):  
Donald D. Hackney ◽  
Daniel Friesner ◽  
Erica H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Insurance Premium ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the timing associated with the implementation of the health insurance-related provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) altered the presence and distribution of medical/non-medical debts accumulated by different types of bankruptcy filers. Design/methodology/approach Data were drawn from the US Bankruptcy Court’s Eastern Washington District over the years 2009, 2011 and 2014 using interval random sampling. Binary probit and Tobit analyses were used to model the existence, and distribution, of medical debts and total debts, respectively, at the time of filing. The impact of the time frame associated with the ACA was operationalized via a Chow test for structural dynamic change. Findings Chapter 13 filers in 2014 (post-ACA-based health exchange implementation) were more likely to report medical debts than Chapter 7 filers in the pre-intervention period, and were also more likely to report a larger proportion of outstanding debts owed to a single creditor. Filers claiming health insurance premium expenses in 2011 were (at the 10 percent significance level) more likely to report a more skewed distribution of medical debts. Originality/value The time frame associated with the implementation of the ACA impacts the distribution of medical debts among filers who have sufficient net disposable income to fund a Chapter 13 plan. The polarization of outstanding medical debts may indicate coverage gaps in existing health insurance policies, whose costs would be disproportionately borne by patients operating on thin financial margins.

The Industrial Organization of Health-Care Markets

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gaynor ◽  
Kate Ho ◽  
Robert J. Town
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Industrial Organization ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Health Care Spending ◽  
Health Care Markets ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. health-care sector is large and growing—health-care spending in 2011 amounted to $2.7 trillion and 18 percent of GDP. Approximately half of health-care output is allocated via markets. In this paper, we analyze the industrial organization literature on health-care markets, focusing on the impact of competition on price, quality, and treatment decisions for health-care providers and health insurers. We conclude with a discussion of research opportunities for industrial organization economists, including opportunities created by the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. (JEL J15, J24, J71, J81, K31)

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