scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, BrazilToxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2845
Author(s):  
Renata Bezerra Marujo ◽  
Helio Langoni ◽  
Leila Sabrina Ullmann ◽  
Maysa Pellizzaro ◽  
Ramiro Das Neves Dias Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Related Risk

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic zoonosis with worldwide distribution and different wild species either are involved in maintenance of the pathogen in the environment as definitive or intermediate hosts serving as font of feeding or prey to definitive hosts. The present study aimed to investigate Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and the risk factors relating to infection in mammals at Sorocaba Zoo, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Serum samples collected from 153 animals were analyzed using the modified agglutination test (MAT; cutoff ? 25). Seropositivity was found in 62 animals (40.5%; 95% CI: 33.1-48.5%), with different titers. Significant differences were observed in relation to the ages of the animals, origin, presence of free-ranging animals in the enclosure and feeding habits, through univariate analysis (p ? 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only age (p = 0.03) had significance for the study. Adult animals were 3.5 more likely to become infected than were young ones. In relation to feeding habits, herbivores (80%) and carnivores (46.5%) were the animals most affected. These results highlight the presence of T. gondii in animals at Brazilian zoos, and suggest that continuous transmission is occurring at zoos.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, BrazilToxoplasma gondii antibodies and related risk factors in mammals at Sorocaba zoo, São Paulo, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Bezerra Marujo ◽  
Helio Langoni ◽  
Leila Sabrina Ullmann ◽  
Maysa Pellizzaro ◽  
Ramiro Das Neves Dias Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Related Risk

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic zoonosis with worldwide distribution and different wild species either are involved in maintenance of the pathogen in the environment as definitive or intermediate hosts serving as font of feeding or prey to definitive hosts. The present study aimed to investigate Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and the risk factors relating to infection in mammals at Sorocaba Zoo, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Serum samples collected from 153 animals were analyzed using the modified agglutination test (MAT; cutoff ? 25). Seropositivity was found in 62 animals (40.5%; 95% CI: 33.1-48.5%), with different titers. Significant differences were observed in relation to the ages of the animals, origin, presence of free-ranging animals in the enclosure and feeding habits, through univariate analysis (p ? 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only age (p = 0.03) had significance for the study. Adult animals were 3.5 more likely to become infected than were young ones. In relation to feeding habits, herbivores (80%) and carnivores (46.5%) were the animals most affected. These results highlight the presence of T. gondii in animals at Brazilian zoos, and suggest that continuous transmission is occurring at zoos.

scholarly journals Frequency of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella nigritus) from an ecological station in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Costa da Silva ◽  
Gustavo Puglia Machado ◽  
Tatiane Morosini de Andrade Cruvinel ◽  
Ciro Alexandre Cruvinel ◽  
Helio Langoni
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Cebus Apella ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Capuchin Monkeys ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Modified Agglutination Test ◽  
Tufted Capuchin Monkeys

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite protozoan. A large percentage of animals presents specific antibodies caused by a previous exposition, resulting in a chronic infection. Felides are the definitive hosts and the other warm-blooded animals, including primates, are the intermediate hosts. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection in free-living tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella nigritus) from an ecological station located on Mata de Santa Teresa, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. T. gondii antibodies were analyzed by modified agglutination test (MAT) in serum samples of 36 tufted capuchin monkeys, considering eight as cut-off titer. From the studied animals, 3/36 (8.33%; CI95% 3.0-21.9%) presented T. gondii antibodies, all with titer 32. No significative difference was observed relating to the sex (1/3 male and 2/3 female), and to the age (1/3 young and 2/3 adult) (P>0.05). Thus, these results demonstrate the presence of T. gondii antibodies in primates from São Paulo state.

scholarly journals Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from Itu Municipality, São Paulo

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Aizawa Porto de Abreu ◽  
Felipe da Silva Krawczak ◽  
Fernanda Passos Nunes ◽  
Marcelo Bahia Labruna ◽  
Hilda Fátima de Jesus Pena
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽  
Park Area

Abstract Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) are the largest rodents found in South America. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in 170 free-living capybaras in a residential park area in Itu Municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil. Serum samples were tested by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for T. gondii (IFAT ≥ 1:16) and N. caninum (IFAT ≥ 1:50). Among the 170 samples analyzed, 10% (17/170) and 0% (0/170) were seropositive for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. This study confirms the widespread presence of T. gondii and reinforces the role of capybaras in the life cycle of this parasite. Capybaras may not be important as intermediate hosts of N. caninum in the studied environment.

scholarly journals Risk factors and presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in dogs from the coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Costa da Silva ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Souza ◽  
Hélio Langoni ◽  
Erika Maemi Tanaka ◽  
Vanessa Yuri de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Untreated Water ◽  
São Paulo State

Toxoplasmosis is caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii and affects warm-blooded vertebrates, including pets and man. Dogs are epidemio-logically important since they act as sentinels for the infection in humans. The present study aimed to determine the presence of antibodies to T. gondii in 205 serum samples from dogs in Ubatuba, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, through indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IFAT), as well as the risk factors related to toxoplasmosis in the animals such as breed, age, sex, access to outdoors, homemade food ingestion, access to untreated water, and contact with rodents. Toxoplasmosis-positive samples accounted for 52/205 (25.4%), with titers ranging from 16 to 256. The serological results presented significant association (P<0.05) with homemade food ingestion (45/118; 38.1%; CI95% 29.9%-47.2%) (OR=7.0; CI95% 3.0-16.6), and with access to outdoors where those that do not have access to the street were prevalent (37/121; 30.6%; CI95% 23.1%-39.3%) (OR=0.5; CI95% 0.2-1.0). These results show that toxoplasmosis in this region is related to problems of sanitary education, mainly concerning the appropriate cooking of foods, since most positive animals did not show significant association with the presence of rodents or untreated water consumption but showed, instead association with ingestion of homemade food. Thus, toxoplasmosis is a public health problem in the studied region, and sanitary measures are needed to control the infection due to the strict relationship between man and dog and the presented risk factors

Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii in sheep raised in the Jaboticabal microregion, São Paulo State, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes ◽  
Thaís Rabelo dos Santos ◽  
Ricardo dos Santos da Silva ◽  
Walter Matheus Rossanese ◽  
Fernando Augusto de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

scholarly journals Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infections in swine of non-tecnified rearing farms of the northeastern region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil and associated risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e00080
Author(s):  
Gabriela Capriogli Oliveira ◽  
Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida ◽  
Raissa Saran Sartori ◽  
Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi ◽  
Luis Guilherme de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Northeastern Region ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Testing pigs of non-technified rearing farms for serum antibodies against Taenia solium in a region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel A.M. Rossi ◽  
Henrique M.S. Almeida ◽  
Rafaella P.M. Guimarães-Peixoto ◽  
Emílio C. Acevedo-Nieto ◽  
Paulo S.A. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
And Control

Abstract: Taenia solium is a zoonotic tapeworm of great importance in developing countries, due to the occurrence of human taeniasis and cysticercosis. Pigs have an important role in the biological cycle of the parasite as intermediate hosts. The scientific literature has been describing risk factors associated with the occurrence of this disease that must be avoided in countries with poor sanitation, in order to reduce the exposure of swine to the parasite eggs. This research focused on testing pigs of non-technified rearing farms for serum antibodies against Taenia solium in the region of Jaboticabal municipality, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The found prevalence was 6.82% (CI 95% 4.18 - 9.45) at animal level and 28.87% (CI 95% 16.74 - 40.40) at herd level. These figures are probably associated with low technification adoption during animal rearing in the studied area, which increased the exposure of the animals to risk factors associated with the occurrence of Taenia solium complex. The results found based on serological evidences of swine cysticercosis in the studied region serves as a warning to public sanitary authorities to improve public health and control T. solium.

scholarly journals Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with liver disease in eastern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (11) ◽  
pp. 2296-2302 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. TIAN ◽  
G. X. LI ◽  
H. M. ELSHEIKHA ◽  
D. S. GARDNER ◽  
X. Y. ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

SUMMARYThe role of the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii in the pathogenesis of liver disease has recently gained much interest. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in patients with liver disease from three cities in Shandong and Henan provinces, China. A case–control study was conducted from December 2014 to November 2015 and included 1142 patients with liver disease and 1142 healthy controls. Serum samples were collected from all individuals and were examined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies. Information on the demographics, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics of the participants was collected from the medical records and by the use of a questionnaire. The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG was 19·7% in patients with liver disease compared with 12·17% in the controls. Only 13 patients had anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies compared with 12 control individuals (1·14% vs. 1·05%, respectively). The highest seroprevalence was detected in patients with liver cancer (22·13%), followed by hepatitis patients (20·86%), liver cirrhosis patients (20·42%), and steatosis patients (20%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that consumption of raw meat (odds ratio (OR) = 1·32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·01–1·71; P = 0·03) and source of drinking water from wells (OR = 1·56; 95% CI 1·08–2·27; P = 0·01) were independent risk factors for T. gondii infection in liver disease patients. These findings indicate that T. gondii infection is more likely to be present in patients with liver disease. Therefore, efforts should be directed toward health education of populations at high risk of T. gondii infection and measures should be taken to protect vulnerable patients with liver disease.

scholarly journals Antibodies to Neospora caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Moraes Paiz ◽  
Rodrigo Costa da Silva ◽  
Benedito Donizete Menozzi ◽  
Helio Langoni
Keyword(s):  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody ◽  
Intensive System

Neosporosis is an emergent disease responsible for considerable economic impact due to reproductive losses. Its zoonotic potential remains unknown. This study involved a survey of antibodies to Neospora caninum in slaughtered sheep and their association with epidemiological variables. Serum samples from 596 sheep from the states of São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were collected in two slaughterhouses located in São Paulo and evaluated by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off titers of 25. Among these samples, 353/596 (59.23%; 95%CI 55.23-63.10) were positive and 263/353 (74.50%; 95%CI 69.71-78.77%) were from Rio Grande do Sul. Statistical associations were determined in the univariate analysis between the serological results and sex, breed and municipality of origin. Sheep that came from extensive breeding system showed higher chance (OR=2.09) of presenting antibodies to N. caninum in relation to those from semi-intensive system. Higher chance was also observed for the different studied breeds, except Bergamácia, in relation to Hampshire Down. The results revealed the presence of infection by N. caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses.

scholarly journals Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women and their newborn infants in the region of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinara de Cássia Brandão de Mattos ◽  
Lígia Cosentino Junqueira Franco Spegiorin ◽  
Cristina da Silva Meira ◽  
Thaís da Costa Silva ◽  
Ana Iara da Costa Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Igg Avidity

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Toxoplasmosis transmission during pregnancy can cause severe sequelae in fetuses and newborns. Maternal antibodies may be indicators of risk or immunity. The aim here was to evaluate seropositivity for anti-Toxoplasma gondii (anti-T. gondii) immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and IgG avidity in pregnant women and their newborn infants. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a high-risk pregnancy outpatient clinic. METHODS: Serum samples from pregnant women (n = 87) and their respective newborns (n = 87) were evaluated for anti-T. gondii antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) (IgM and IgG), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (IgG) and an avidity test. RESULTS: Anti-T. gondii antibodies were identified in 64.4% of the serum samples from the mothers and their infants (56/87). Except for two maternal serum samples (2.3%), all others were negative for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies, using IIF. The results showed that 92.9% of the pregnant women had high IgG avidity indexes (> 30%) and four samples had avidity indexes between 16 and 30%. Two women in the third trimester of pregnancy were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies; their babies had avidity indexes between 16 and 30%. The avidity indexes of serum from the other 83 newborns were similar to the results from their mothers. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that 2% of the pregnant women were at risk of T. gondii transmission during the gestational period. These data seem to reflect the real situation of gestational toxoplasmosis in the northwestern region of the state of São Paulo.

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