Chemical Sterilization of Dogs using Single Bilateral Intra-testicular Injection of Calcium Chloride or Clove Oil

We evaluated the efficacy of castration with bilateral intratesticular injections of Calcium Chloride Dihydrate (CaCl2) in ethanol, Olive Oil as well as Burdizzo technique in twenty Sahel bucks. The bucks were randomly distributed into four groups as A, B, C and D. Group A served as the control and were given bilateral intratesticular injection of 1.0 ml of normal saline. Bucks in group B were castrated with Burdizzo, while group C and D were given bilateral intra testicular injection of 1.0 ml of CaCl2 and Olive oil, respectively. The sonograms and semen profiles of the bucks were evaluated.The diameters of the testicles and spermatic cords and the semen parameters were measured in real time after castration at days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 60. The diameters in the Burdizzo, CaCl2‎and Olive oil castrated bucks ‎significantly increased (P < 0.05) on days 7 and was decreased at ‎day 60.‎ Semen motility was absent in the bucks castrated with Cacl2 after day 14. The ‎concentration of spermatozoa also decreased significantly on day 7 in all the Burdizzo, CaCl2‎and ‎Olive oil castrated goats. Sonogram of testes castrated with Cacl2 showed discreet focal ‎hyperechoic, surrounded by ‎hypoechoic areas ‎within the parenchyma due to the CaCl2 deposition. The testes of bucks castrated with olive oil were ‎characterized by a central hypoechoic area ‎surrounded by clearly distinguishable hyperechoic ‎areas within the parenchyma. It was concluded that intratesticular injection with Burdizzo, CaCl2and olive oil resulted in successful castration but CaCl2 injection resulted in earlier azoospermia.

Download Full-text

Calcium chloride combined with dimethyl sulphoxide for the chemical sterilization of dogs

Reproduction in Domestic Animals ◽

10.1111/rda.13252 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 1330-1338 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Renata C. A. Silva ◽

Cristiane S. Paranzini ◽

Leandro G. Franco ◽

Marina P. Miguel ◽

Cristiane S. Honsho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Chloride ◽

Dimethyl Sulphoxide ◽

Chemical Sterilization

Download Full-text

Clinical Evaluation of Non-surgical Sterilization of Male Cats with Single Intra-testicular Injection of Calcium Chloride

BMC Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/1746-6148-7-39 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Kuladip Jana ◽

Prabhat K Samanta

Keyword(s):

Calcium Chloride ◽

Clinical Evaluation ◽

Surgical Sterilization ◽

Testicular Injection

Download Full-text

Testicular histological evaluation and serum testosterone concentrations of bulls after chemical castration with calcium chloride

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-4945 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (8) ◽

pp. 1554-1563

Author(s):

Lucas F. Pereira ◽

Fernanda G.G. Dias ◽

Marina P. Miguel ◽

Cristiane S. Honsho ◽

Denise C. Tavares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Calcium Chloride ◽

Chloride Concentration ◽

Serum Testosterone ◽

Testicular Volume ◽

Histological Evaluation ◽

Coagulation Necrosis ◽

Seminiferous Tubules ◽

Chemical Castration ◽

Chemical Sterilization

ABSTRACT: Orchiectomized bulls have advantages in the meat quality and ease of handling. Chemical castration is an option for surgical castration and the sclerosing agents can be administered into the testicular or epididymis parenchyma. These agents have a lower incidence of complications than surgery, especially when associated with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), which has anti-inflammatory action and increases the absorption of other drugs. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of a single intratesticular injection of calcium chloride solution associated with DMSO for the chemical sterilization of bulls. Twenty-four young adult bulls were utilized, distributed into 3 groups (G20, G30 and G40, n = 8/group), according to the calcium chloride concentration (20, 30 and 40%), in 10mL volume. Serum concentrations of testosterone, body weight, testicular volume and ecotexture, clinical signs and behavior and were evaluated for 45 days. Thus, the animals were orchiectomized and testicles were assessed histologically. There were no changes in body weight, decreased serum testosterone concentrations (except G30), signs of scrotal sensitivity or changes in behavior over the period. However, there was significant increase in testicular volume, especially on the 2nd and 3rd day after treatment, with values returning to the value initials at 15 days. Testicular adherence and firm consistency were observed during orchiectomy. Ultrasound examination revealed a loss of integrity of the median raphe, with cavity formation and an alteration of the testicular echotexture. In the histological evaluation, coagulation necrosis of seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells was observed, mainly in the medial portion in all groups. Some animals presented total absence of tubular formations in all the studied groups, being the effects of greater intensity in the G40. Additionally, pronounced edema was noted in all groups, especially in G40. Inflammatory infiltrate, fibroplasia and neovascularization were found to be predominantly discrete. Based on the conditions used in this study, we conclude that calcium chloride associated with DMSO can be used as a method of chemical sterilization in bovines.

Download Full-text

Clinical evaluation of chemo-sterilization through histomorphology and hormonal changes in bucks

South African Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4314/sajas.v50i6.12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

Author(s):

M. Hasan ◽

M.A.H. Miah ◽

M.M. Alam ◽

N.S. Juyena

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Calcium Chloride ◽

Serum Testosterone ◽

Testicular Biopsy ◽

Deionized Water ◽

Seminiferous Tubules ◽

Hormonal Changes ◽

Scrotal Circumference ◽

Testicular Injection

The study was aimed to evaluate methods for nonsurgical castration of Black Bengal bucks by intra-testicular injection of calcium chloride, sodium chloride, citric acid solutions or sterile deionized water. Twelve healthy bucks were randomly allotted to groups A, B, C, and D, consisting of three bucks each. The local anesthetic, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride, was infused into the spermatic cord of each buck, followed by bilateral intra-testicular injections of 30% calcium chloride (CaCl2), 25% sodium chloride (NaCl), 50% citric acid (C6H8O7) solutions, and sterile deionized water dosed at 2 ml per testis in groups A, B, C and D respectively. To evaluate the efficacy of chemical agents on the inactivation of testes, clinical parameters, changes in scrotal circumference, testicular fine needle aspiration (TFNA), histopathology and serum concentration of testosterone and LH were monitored. A significant decrease in the scrotal circumference was observed between the intra-testicular injection and day 14 in all the bucks. Absence of spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa in the testicular biopsy was observed on day 14 post injection in the bucks, except for one in group C. Histopathology revealed massive destruction of seminiferous tubules and disorganization of the testicular parenchyma. Serum testosterone concentration declined significantly on day 14 compared with day 0. Consequently, the gradual elevation in serum LH concentration was significant. Thus, intra-testicular injections of CaCl2 and NaCl were more effective than C6H8O7 in inducing chemical-based nonsurgical castration.

Download Full-text