Occurrence of Clinical and Subclinical Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in Lactating Goats with Special Reference to Dry Period Infection and Teat Skin Microflora

Epidemiological studies comparing risk factors for subclinical mastitis (SM) in organic (OP) and conventional dairy production systems (CP) are lacking. In 60 OP and 60 CP farms, 970 cows were used to study risk factors for SM at 31 days postpartum. Cows showing a positive (≥ 1+) California Mastitis Test (CMT) in at least one quarter, but without clinical symptoms, were classified SM-positive. For OP cows increased (P < 0.05) odds ratios (OR) for SM were found for other than Simmental and Simmental × Red Holstein breeds, for increasing number (> 27) of cattle on the farm, for the use of mineral feed supplements, for irregular milking intervals (< 12 and > 12 h/day), and for milk urea concentrations of 210.1–270 mg/dl, whereas decreased OR for SM were recorded for cows kept in barns on beddings other than on rubber mats or concrete, for farms with rinsing water temperatures of milking systems between 54.75 and 60°C, for milk lactose > 50.5 g/l, and for blood albumin levels of ł 38.5 g/l. For cows on CP farms, increased (P < 0.05) OR for SM were found for other than Simmental ´ Red Holstein and Simmental breeds, for a bedding area width of > 117 cm, and for antibiotic mastitis treatment since the last dry period, whereas reduced (P < 0.05) OR for SM were found for farms with a moderate (in contrast to good) hygiene status and for routine application of antibiotics during the dry period. Observed differences between OP and CP were assumed to be partially related to system-specific management, such as antibiotic dry cow therapy, nutrition and milking routine.

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Subclinical mastitis in Dutch dairy heifers in early lactation and associated risk factors

Udder Health and Communication ◽

10.3920/978-90-8686-742-4_58 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 325-330

Author(s):

I. M. G. A. Santman-Berends ◽

O. C. Sampimon ◽

R. G. M. Olde Riekerink ◽

G. van Schaik ◽

T. J. G. M. Lam

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Dairy Heifers ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Prevalence, risk factors and bacterial causes of bovine mastitis in southern Ethiopia

Ethiopian Veterinary Journal ◽

10.4314/evj.v24i1.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rahmeto Abebe ◽

Mesele Abera ◽

Yifat Denbarga ◽

Mishamo Suleyman ◽

Amene Fekadu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bovine Mastitis ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Microbiological Methods ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

And Control

Mastitis is one of the most economically important diseases in dairy farms worldwide. It is particularly important in Ethiopia where no routine prevention and control practices are in place. This cross-sectional study was carried out between October 2017 and June 2018 to estimate the prevalence of mastitis, identify the associated risk factors and isolate bacterial causes in dairy farms located in southern Ethiopia using standard microbiological methods and questionnaire survey. A total of 686 lactating cows which were found in 122 selected dairy farms were investigated by physical examination and California mastitis test. The overall cow-level prevalence of mastitis was 54.2% (95% CI: 50.5 – 57.9%). Based on the study site, the prevalence was 55.7% in Hawassa, 54.3% in Arsi Negele, 52.6% each in Wondo Genet and Wolayta Soddo towns with no significant (p > 0.05) difference among the sites. The majority of mastitis cases were subclinical (48.1%) while the clinical mastitis was only 6.1%. Of the 122 herds tested, 109 (89.3%; 95% CI: 82.1 – 93.9%) had at least a cow positive for mastitis. The study showed that high parity number (OR = 1.6; p = 0.015), flat (OR = 4.5; p <0.001) and round (OR = 2; p <0.001) teat end shape, history of mastitis in preceding lactation (OR = 3.3; p <0.001), and slightly (OR = 3.5; p < 0.001), moderately (OR = 4.9; p < 0.001), and very dirty (OR = 9.2; p < 0.001) udder and legs were the major risk factors which are significantly associated with higher prevalence of mastitis. Based on the available media and reagents, the major bacteria isolated from subclinical mastitic milk samples were Staphylococcus spp. (57.3%), Streptococcus spp. (18.6%), E. coli (17.3%) and Bacillus spp. (7.5%) in order of their abundance. The present study revealed a high prevalence of mastitis, particularly the subclinical one, and the associated risk factors. Enhancing the awareness of dairy farmers, regular screening of cows for subclinical mastitis, proper treatment of the clinical cases, improving the hygienic condition of the cows, and culling of chronically infected cows are critically important to prevent and control bovine mastitis. Keywords: Mastitis, Prevalence, Risk factors, Southern Ethiopia

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Incidence of subclinical mastitis in Dutch dairy heifers in the first 100 days in lactation and associated risk factors

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2011-4766 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 95 (5) ◽

pp. 2476-2484 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

I.M.G.A. Santman-Berends ◽

R.G.M. Olde Riekerink ◽

O.C. Sampimon ◽

G. van Schaik ◽

T.J.G.M. Lam

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Dairy Heifers ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Prevalence of subclinical mastitis and associated risk factors at cow and herd level in dairy farms in North-West Ethiopia

Preventive Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.06.009 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 145 ◽

pp. 23-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

S.A. Mekonnen ◽

G. Koop ◽

S.T. Melkie ◽

C.D. Getahun ◽

H. Hogeveen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Herd Level ◽

North West ◽

North West Ethiopia ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Investigation of prevalence and risk factors of subclinical mastitis of dairy buffaloes at Bhola district of Bangladesh

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v6i4.51236 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 697-704

Author(s):

Hasan Aliul ◽

Paul Ashit Kumar ◽

Riad Mohammad Mahmood ◽

Rahman Mizanur ◽

Ahmed Md Selim

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Management Practices ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Control Measures ◽

Lactation Period ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Lactating Buffaloes ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

On Farm

The subclinical mastitis is more serious and is responsible for much greater loss to the dairy industry in Bangladesh. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis and identify the associated risk factors in randomly selected 200 lactating buffaloes (192 local and 8 crossbred) at some selected regions of Bhola district, Bangladesh during the period from March 2018 to February 2019. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was performed on each quarter milk sample of lactating buffaloes at field condition for the determination of subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes. Overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 10.50% (21/200). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) was comparatively higher in crossbred (12.5%) as compared to local breed (10.42%). The highest prevalence of SCM in dairy buffaloes was also found in late lactation period (12.82%), age group 7 to 18 years (13.46%), rainy season (11.1%) and 2nd parity group (10.74%). Moreover, the buffaloes graze in free range areas; large and medium sized farms; poor health conditions and other diseases of post parturient period increasing the susceptibility of SCM. For early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, CMT can be performed regularly as a control measures and emphasis should be provided on farm management practices; particularly on milking hygiene and udder sanitation. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 697-704

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