Prevalence of Genotype 3a Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) In the Infected Population of Lahore, Pakistan

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Ijaz ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
Noeen Sarfraz ◽  
Muhammad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Infected Population ◽  
Genotype 3A

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Genotype 3a in the Infected Population of Lahore, Pakistan

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. e421
Author(s):  
T. Ijaz ◽  
M.A. Khan ◽  
S.A. Jafri ◽  
F.A. Ranjha ◽  
K. Asim Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Infected Population ◽  
Genotype 3A

The hepatitis C virus NS5A protein and response to interferon α: mutational analyses in patients with chronic HCV genotype 3a infection from India

2006 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Goyal ◽  
Wolf P. Hofmann ◽  
Eva Hermann ◽  
Stella Traver ◽  
Syed S. Hissar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Ns5a Protein ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Genotype 3A

scholarly journals Mutations Identified in the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Polymerase of Patients with Chronic HCV Treated with Ribavirin Cause Resistance and Affect Viral Replication Fidelity

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Mejer ◽  
Ulrik Fahnøe ◽  
Andrea Galli ◽  
Santseharay Ramirez ◽  
Ola Weiland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Genotype 3A

ABSTRACT Ribavirin has been used for 25 years to treat patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; however, its antiviral mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we studied virus evolution in a subset of samples from a randomized 24-week trial of ribavirin monotherapy versus placebo in chronic HCV patients, as well as the viral resistance mechanisms of the observed ribavirin-associated mutations in cell culture. Thus, we performed next-generation sequencing of the full-length coding sequences of HCV recovered from patients at weeks 0, 12, 20, 32 and 40 and analyzed novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), diversity, and mutation-linkage. At week 20, increased genetic diversity was observed in 5 ribavirin-treated compared to 4 placebo-treated HCV patients due to new synonymous SNPs, particularly G-to-A and C-to-U ribavirin-associated transitions. Moreover, emergence of 14 nonsynonymous SNPs in HCV nonstructural 5B (NS5B) occurred in treated patients, but not in placebo controls. Most substitutions located close to the NS5B polymerase nucleotide entry site. Linkage analysis showed that putative resistance mutations were found in the majority of genomes in ribavirin-treated patients. Identified NS5B mutations from genotype 3a patients were further introduced into the genotype 3a cell-culture-adapted DBN strain for studies in Huh7.5 cells. Specific NS5B substitutions, including DBN-D148N+I363V, DBN-A150V+I363V, and DBN-T227S+S183P, conferred resistance to ribavirin in long-term cell culture treatment, possibly by reducing the HCV polymerase error rate. In conclusion, prolonged exposure of HCV to ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C patients induces NS5B resistance mutations leading to increased polymerase fidelity, which could be one mechanism for ribavirin resistance.

Genotype distribution in Nagoya and new genotype (genotype 3a) in Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyoshi Ohno ◽  
Masashi Mizokami ◽  
Manabu Yamauchi ◽  
Ken-ichi Ohba ◽  
Etsuro Orito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
New Genotype ◽  
Genotype 3A

Association of mutations in two PKR binding domains of hepatitis C virus genotype 3A and viral loads

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 141-142
Author(s):  
Y. Fukuda ◽  
I. Nakano ◽  
Y. Katano ◽  
H. Toyoda ◽  
S. Yokozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
Genotype 3A

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Core Mutations Associated with False-Negative Serological Results for Genotype 3a Core Antigen

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 2697-2700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linh Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Linda Dunford ◽  
Ines Freitas ◽  
Paul Holder ◽  
Lan Anh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Virus Core ◽  
Genotype 3A ◽  
Positive Controls

Genetic characterization of the genotype 3a (GT3a) hepatitis C virus (HCV)coreregion from HCV core antigen (HCVcAg)-negative/RNA-positive cases and HCVcAg-positive/RNA-positive controls identified significant associations between the substitutions A48T and T49A/P and failure to detect HCVcAg (P< 0.05). Polymorphisms at residues 48 and 49 in the core protein are present across all major epidemic and endemic GTs. These findings have implications for HCV diagnosis, particularly in low-income regions in which GT3a HCV is endemic.

scholarly journals Comparison of biomarkers between genotypes 1a and 3a in hepatitis C virus patients with control group

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 3121-3130
Author(s):  
Sajjad Yazdansetad ◽  
Hadi Razavi Nikoo ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Azimi ◽  
Alireza Mohebbi ◽  
Massumeh Niazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotype 1A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hcv Genotyping ◽  
And Control ◽  
Genotype 3A

Introduction: Three percent of people worldwide are infected with Hepatitis C virus (HCV). A few studies have been performed to evaluate the biochemical markers of the disease. In the current study, biochemical markers were evaluated in HCV patients and the control group. Methods: Two sex- and age-matched healthy individuals (n = 100) and HCV positive patients (n = 100) were included (mean age of 20-75, 26.0% females and 74.0% males). Biochemical markers, including liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), lipid profiles (cholesterol, LDL, and HDL) and triglyceride (TG) were investigated in both groups. HCV genotyping was also performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and OHNO methods. Results: The biochemical markers between HCV patients and controls were compared (cholesterol, ALP, AST, ALT, LDL: p = 0.0001, HDL: p = 0.002, TG: p = 0.003), and statistically significant difference was found between two groups. The biochemical markers between HCV patients and the control group in terms of age was compared and no differences was observed (p = 0.741), however, there was a significant difference in sex between HCV patients and control group (26.0% females, 74.0% males in control group, and x% females and y% males in HCV patients) (p = 0.032). The results of HCV genotyping showed that 39 patients were genotype 1a, and 43 patients were genotype 3a, and 1 patient was genotype 2a. Evaluation of biochemical markers in patients with genotype 1a and 3a showed that there were significant differences in cholesterol (p = 0.001), LDL (p = 0.001) and HDL (p= 0.003) levels, but there were no significant differences in liver enzymes and TG levels in both genotypes. Conclusion: In the present study, we found significant difference in biochemical markers between HCV patients and controls. In HCV patients, the biochemical markers were dependent on HCV genotypes, and their levels in genotype 1a were higher than genotype 3a. In conclusion, biochemical markers are one of the most important factors for the identification of treatment.

scholarly journals Frequency Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes with Reference to Age and Sex in Various Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Bakht Biland ◽  
Mohsina Haq ◽  
Sardar Muhammad ◽  
Mohsan Subhani ◽  
Syed Gardezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Genotype 3A

Background: Pakistan has the second highest prevalence of hepatitis C in the world after Egypt. Viral hepatitis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Pakistan and, worryingly, reinfection rates are also on the rise. This cross-sectional study was aimed at finding the most common genotypes of hepatitis C in terms of age and sex in a Pakistani cohort. Materials and methods: The authors collected blood samples from 1,260 patients with diagnosed hepatitis C visiting a primary teaching hospital affiliated with Peshawar Medical College, Pakistan, from different districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, between January 2017 and April 2019. Hepatitis C virus RNA was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and genotyping was then performed. Results: The authors found that genotype 3a was the most prevalent type followed by 1a, mixed, and 3b, respectively. Genotypes 2a and 1b were the least prevalent in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The most common genotype was 3a, observed in 75.87% of cases. The most common mixed genotype was 3a+1a, observed in 39 cases (3.10%); it had a prevalence of 3.49% in females compared with 2.70% in males. Overall, the most common age group affected by hepatitis C virus was 41–50 years (31.35%), followed by the 51–60 years group (24.45%). Infection rate was comparatively low in other age groups. A significant difference was observed in the prevalence of genotype 3a and 2a among different districts. Conclusion: The authors concluded that genotype 3a was the most prevalent genotype and it was observed more frequently in the female population, with a median age of 45 years.

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