scholarly journals Risk factors for Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy in the immediate post- thyroidectomy period at a tertiary care centre - a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Manoj N ◽  
Rosenara T ◽  
Jacob Stephenson ◽  
IP Yadev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

scholarly journals Effect of Phacoemulsification on Intraocular Pressure in Cataract Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala- A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Prathapan ◽  
Namrata Pambavasan ◽  
Smrithi Sony Thampi ◽  
Smriti Nair ◽  
Leyanna Susan George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Post Surgery

Introduction: Cataract is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. It is caused by the degeneration and opacification of the lens fibres. Phacoemulsification is the current treatment modality available for cataract. However, there is a possibility of an increase in the anterior chamber depth after phacoemulsification. This occurs as a result of the removal of the bulky lens matter and implantation of a thin intraocular lens, thereby reducing the intraocular pressure. Aim: To compare the preoperative and postoperative Intraocular Pressure (IOP) changes and the factors associated with intraocular pressure changes among patients who underwent phacoemulsification in a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out among 610 patients, who underwent phacoemulsification surgery from January 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2017. Using a checklist, the following data such as age, sex, Date of Surgery, Last recorded preoperative intraocular pressure of both eyes, First recorded Postoperative intraocular pressure of both eyes any time after 3 months, Axial length, Grade of cataract and comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, glaucoma and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) was obtained from the hospital Information System. Data collected was entered into an MS Excel and was analysed using SPSS version 20. Frequency and percentages were calculated and association assessed using Chi-square test. Paired t-test was applied to find the mean changes in the IOP levels and p-value was ≤0.05, thus significant. Results: It was observed that there was a mean reduction of 7.907 mmHg in ocular hypertensives when compared to ocular normotensives following phacoemulsification. This finding was found to be statistically significant (p-value <0.001). There was association between grade of cataract and change in IOP which was significant with a p-value of 0.031. Conclusion: Phacoemulsification is the treatment of choice in patients with cataract. In the study, it was found that ocular hypertensives who underwent phacoemulsification had a significant drop in intraocular pressure post-surgery. Phacoemulsification can be employed in patients who have both ocular hypertension and cataract. This procedure can improve vision and in addition to having a positive effect on IOP reduction.

A Retrospective Cohort Study to Evaluate the Outcomes of Multiple Myeloma Treated in a Tertiary Care Centre from India

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e92
Author(s):  
Raajit Chanana ◽  
Manju Sengar ◽  
Hasmukh Jain ◽  
Navin Khattry ◽  
Bhausaheb Bagal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and factors related to antibiotic-associated diarrhea in elderly patients with pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Takedani ◽  
Tsukasa Nakamura ◽  
Noriko Fukiwake ◽  
Toshihiro Imada ◽  
Junji Mashino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea ◽  
Elderly Inpatients

Abstract Background Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common problem among elderly inpatients because many elderly patients are admitted for pneumonia or other conditions that necessitate antibiotic treatment. In the super aging population, more patients are suffering from pneumonia than before, but the incidence or risk factors for AAD among many elderly patients have not been well scrutinized. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of elderly patients diagnosed with pneumonia from April 2014 to March 2019 who were admitted to the Department of General Medicine of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Japan. Patients (≥ 65 years of age) who were diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia or aspiration pneumonia and treated with antibiotics were included. We defined AAD by diarrhea with more than three loose or watery stools per day and included patients who had these symptoms for either one day or two or more consecutive days. We also assessed the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. The potential risk factors for AAD included age, sex, body weight, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, activities of daily living (ADL),　comorbidities, vital signs, laboratories, the severity of pneumonia, antibiotic and other medication use. Results There were 1,067 patients, the mean age was 83 years, and men accounted for 59 %. β-Lactamase inhibitors were frequently prescribed antibiotics in 703 patients (66 %), and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were also commonly administered (48 %). AAD developed in 322 patients (30 %). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that β-lactamase inhibitors (OR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.05–1.95) and PPIs (OR 1.37, 95 % CI 1.03–1.83) were associated with AAD as well as age (OR 1.03 per year, 95 % CI 1.01–1.05). Conclusions AAD was common among elderly inpatients with pneumonia, and β-lactamase inhibitors and PPIs were associated with AAD. Strict use of such medication should be considered to decrease the risk of AAD.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Platelet Transfusion Refractoriness in Critically Ill Patients:  A Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Arabi ◽  
Abdullah O Almahayni ◽  
Abdulrahman Alomair ◽  
Emad M Masuadi ◽  
Moussab Damlaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Platelet Transfusion ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Surgical Icu

Abstract Background: Refractoriness to platelet transfusion is an understudied phenomenon in critically ill patients. Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of platelet refractoriness among patients in a tertiary-care intensive care unit (ICU).Methods: A retrospective cohort study included all patients (age >14 years) who were admitted to a tertiary-care medical-surgical ICU between 2011 and 2016 and received ≥2 platelet transfusions during their ICU stay. We calculated platelet increment (PI) and corrected count increment (CCI). Results: A total of 267 patients were enrolled in the study, collectively receiving 1357 transfusions with a median of 3 (interquartile range: 2-6) transfusions per patient. The median pretransfusion platelet count was 31.0 x109/L (interquartile range: 16.0, 50.0) with a median PI of 6 x109/L (interquartile range: -5, 24). The prevalence of platelet transfusion refractoriness was 54.8% based on PI and 57.0% based on CCI. The two methods had excellent concordance in diagnosing refractoriness (kappa coefficient: 0.939). Refractoriness was more common in patients admitted by Hepatology, Liver Transplant, and Hematology services (69.7%, 69.2%, and 55.6%, respectively). On multivariable logistic regression, younger age was the only significant predictor of refractoriness (odds ratio per year increment: 0.975, 95% CI: 0.951-0.999). Finally, refractoriness was associated with increased length of stay in the ICU (p=0.02), but not with mortality.Conclusions: We demonstrated excellent concordance between PI and CCI for the diagnosis of platelet transfusion refractoriness. Platelet transfusion refractoriness was highly (>50%) prevalent in critically ill patients. However, it was not associated with increased mortality.

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