STUDY REGARDING THE APHIDOFAGOUS FAUNA STRUCTURE IN THE PEACH ORCHARDS FROM CONSTANTA COUNTY IN 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Andrei Chiriloaie-Palade ◽  
Mădălina Radulea ◽  
Gheorghe Lămureanu ◽  
Ștefan Ion Mocanu ◽  
Maria Iamandei
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Management System ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Predatory Insect ◽  
Predatory Insects ◽  
Aphid Populations

"The cosmopolitan aphid species Myzus persicae is a key pest of peach orchards in south and southeastern Romania. The phenomenon of resistance induced by the intensive use of insecticides is a matter of concern for farmers and protectionists, making necessary integrated measure for the control of this pest. Conservation of natural enemy’s populations is an essential component of any management system proposed for pest aphids. The aim of the study was to determine the structure of predatory insects associated with Myzus persicae populations in peach orchards. The research was carried out in three orchards from two localities from Constanta County, in peach plantations with Springcrest variety aged 7, 11 and 12 years. As a result of this study, there were determined a total of 15 predatory insect species belonging to eight systematic families: Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae, Syrphydae, Cecidomyiidae, Panorpidae, Nabidae and Forficulidae, which naturally contribute to the reduction of the green peach aphid populations. "

The role of the color of the substratum on the initiation of the probing behavior in Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Homoptera: Aphididae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Probing Behavior

Twenty-five colors were evaluated for their effect on the initiation of probing behavior in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas). The proportion of aphids of both species initiating probing behavior was maximum on green, yellow, or orange and lowest on purple, blue, white, or black. The time taken by individual aphids to begin probing was shorter for M. persicae than for M. euphorbiae but was essentially unaffected by colors. A larger proportion of both aphid species probed on the lower surface of potato (var. Kathadin) leaflet compared with the upper surface. The proportion of aphids initiating probing was the same on the lower surface of a potato leaf and on paper similar in color, indicating that the color of the substratum is determinant in the initiation of feeding for those aphids.

Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations and the incidence of virus yellows on insecticide-free sugarbeet in south-eastern England in 1978-81

1987 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Thornhill ◽  
G. D. Heathcote
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Syrphid Larvae ◽  
Aphid Populations

AbstractThe populations of the most common aphid species on sugarbeet, and their principal predators, were monitored on insecticide-free study areas of the crop in south-eastern England in 1978–81. The peak populations of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) varied considerably in size from year to year and were related to the severity of the previous winter. Those of Aphis fabae fabae Scopoli, which occurred slightly later in the season, also varied greatly in size but were not strongly linked to winter temperatures. The sizes of the peak populations of Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) were similar each year. The annual variation in the level of infection by virus yellows reflected the peak populations of Myzus persicae and not those of the other aphid species. Coccinellids first appeared in the sugarbeet each year in mid-late June, as the aphid populations were developing, and their peak populations did not vary greatly from year to year. Syrphid larvae appeared later in the season than coccinellids, and their numbers seemed closely linked to those of A. f. fabae. Anystid mites were observed on most count dates in all years. The implications of the findings of the study for control of aphids and virus yellows are discussed.

scholarly journals Suppression of Plant Defenses by a Myzus persicae (Green Peach Aphid) Salivary Effector Protein

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezi A. Elzinga ◽  
Martin De Vos ◽  
Georg Jander
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Salivary Proteins ◽  
Buchnera Aphidicola ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Phloem Feeding

The complex interactions between aphids and their host plant are species-specific and involve multiple layers of recognition and defense. Aphid salivary proteins, which are released into the plant during phloem feeding, are a likely mediator of these interactions. In an approach to identify aphid effectors that facilitate feeding from host plants, eleven Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) salivary proteins and the GroEL protein of Buchnera aphidicola, a bacterial endosymbiont of this aphid species, were expressed transiently in Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco). Whereas two salivary proteins increased aphid reproduction, expression of three other aphid proteins and GroEL significantly decreased aphid reproduction on N. tabacum. These effects were recapitulated in stable transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Further experiments with A. thaliana expressing Mp55, a salivary protein that increased aphid reproduction, showed lower accumulation of 4-methoxyindol-3-ylmethylglucosinolate, callose and hydrogen peroxide in response to aphid feeding. Mp55-expressing plants also were more attractive for aphids in choice assays. Silencing Mp55 gene expression in M. persicae using RNA interference approaches reduced aphid reproduction on N. tabacum, A. thaliana, and N. benthamiana. Together, these results demonstrate a role for Mp55, a protein with as-yet-unknown molecular function, in the interaction of M. persicae with its host plants.

Use of Neonicotinoid Insecticides Applied to Soil and Seed for Green Peach Aphid Management on Spinach

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Paul McLeod ◽  
Steven Eaton ◽  
Larry Martin
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Arkansas River ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticides ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Aphid Populations

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer, a common pest of spinach produced in the Arkansas River Valley of western Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma, is currently managed with foliar applications of neonicotinoid insecticides. Data reported herein indicate that the neonicotinoid insecticdes, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, can also be applied to spinach seed and into the soil for effective aphid management. In greenhouse studies both imidacloprid (Gaucho) and thiamethoxam (Cruiser) seed treatments were effective against adults and prevented the establishment of juvenile aphids for a period of 12 weeks after planting. Similar results were obtained in field studies. Regardless of rate, each of the neonicotinoid seed treatments significantly reduced the number of aphids when compared to aphid population levels on non-treated spinach. In addition to the seed treatments, in-furrow applications also resulted in significantly lower aphid numbers than on plants in plots not receiving the applications. Tests also demonstrated that imidacloprid (Admire) effectively managed aphid populations after being injected into the soil. Of the seed and soil applications evaluated, the only application method currently available is use of imidacloprid applied into the soil. This method currently offers the spinach producer an alternative management tool for green peach aphid control on spinach. As the labels of imidacloprid and other neonicotinoid insecticides are expanded to include additional use patterns such as seed treatments, effective alternatives to foliar sprays should prove effective for aphid management on spinach. Accepted for publication 10 November 2007. Published 8 February 2008.

scholarly journals Mp10 and Mp42 from the Aphid Species Myzus persicae Trigger Plant Defenses in Nicotiana benthamiana Through Different Activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Rodriguez ◽  
Remco Stam ◽  
Tim Warbroek ◽  
Jorunn I. B. Bos
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Transient Overexpression

Aphids are phloem-feeding insects that, like other plant parasites, deliver effectors inside their host to manipulate host responses. The Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) candidate effectors Mp10 and Mp42 were previously found to reduce aphid fecundity upon intracellular transient overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana. We performed functional analyses of these proteins to investigate whether they activate defenses through similar activities. We employed a range of functional characterization experiments based on intracellular transient overexpression in N. benthamiana to determine the subcellular localization of Mp10 and Mp42 and investigate their role in activating plant defense signaling. Mp10 and Mp42 showed distinct subcellular localization in planta, suggesting that they target different host compartments. Also, Mp10 reduced the levels of Agrobacterium-mediated overexpression of proteins. This reduction was not due to an effect on Agrobacterium viability. Transient overexpression of Mp10 but not Mp42 activated jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling pathways and decreased susceptibility to the hemibiotrophic plant pathogen Phytophthora capsici. We found that two candidate effectors from the broad-host-range aphid M. persicae can trigger aphid defenses through different mechanisms. Importantly, we found that some (candidate) effectors such as Mp10 interfere with Agrobacterium-based overexpression assays, an important tool to study effector activity and function.

scholarly journals A Functional Genomics Approach Identifies Candidate Effectors from the Aphid Species Myzus persicae (Green Peach Aphid)

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e1001216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorunn I. B. Bos ◽  
David Prince ◽  
Marco Pitino ◽  
Massimo E. Maffei ◽  
Joe Win ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Aphid Species

scholarly journals Chemosensory proteins in the CSP4 clade evolved as plant immunity suppressors before two suborders of plant-feeding hemipteran insects diverged

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Drurey ◽  
Thomas C. Mathers ◽  
David C. Prince ◽  
Christine Wilson ◽  
Carlos Caceres-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Chemosensory Proteins ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Diverse Plant

AbstractChemosensory proteins (CSPs) are small globular proteins with hydrophobic binding pockets that have a role in detection of chemicals, regulation of development and growth and host seeking behaviour and feeding of arthropods. Here, we show that a CSP has evolved to modulate plant immune responses. Firstly, we found that the green peach aphid Myzus persicae CSP Mp10, which is delivered into the cytoplasm of plant cells, suppresses the reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts to both aphid and bacterial elicitors in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Aphid RNA interference studies demonstrated that Mp10 modulates the first layer of the plant defence response, specifically the BAK1 pathway. We identified Mp10 homologs in diverse plant-sucking insect species, including aphids, whiteflies, psyllids and leafhoppers, but not in other insect species, including blood-feeding hemipteran insects. We found that Mp10 homologs from other splant-sucking insect species are also capable of suppressing plant ROS. Together, these data and phylogenetic analyses provides evidence that an ancestral Mp10-like sequence acquired plant ROS suppression activity before the divergence of plant-sucking insect species over 250 million years ago.SignificanceAphids, whiteflies, psyllids, leafhoppers and planthoppers are plant-sucking insects of the order Hemiptera that cause dramatic crop losses via direct feeding damage and vectoring of plant pathogens. Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) regulate behavioural and developmental processes in arthropods. Here we show that the CSP Mp10 of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae is an effector that suppresses plant reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts and the first layer of plant defence responses. Surprisingly, Mp10 homologs are present in diverse plant-feeding hemipteran species, but not blood-feeding ones. An ancestral Mp10-like sequence most likely acquired ROS suppression activity before the divergence of plant-sucking insect species 250 million years ago.

Green peach aphid and potato leafroll virus: transmission and control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Bagrov ◽  
◽  
V.I. Leunov
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Potato Leafroll Virus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Tuber Necrosis ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
And Control

The mechanisms of transmission of potato viruses from plants to aphid vectors and from aphids to uninfected plants are described, including the example of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae, GPA). Factors affecting the spreading of tuber necrosis and its manifestation on plants infected with potato leafroll virus (PLRV) are discussed. Recommendations for PLRV and GPA control in the field are given.

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