scholarly journals Suppression of Plant Defenses by a Myzus persicae (Green Peach Aphid) Salivary Effector Protein

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezi A. Elzinga ◽  
Martin De Vos ◽  
Georg Jander
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Salivary Proteins ◽  
Buchnera Aphidicola ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Phloem Feeding

The complex interactions between aphids and their host plant are species-specific and involve multiple layers of recognition and defense. Aphid salivary proteins, which are released into the plant during phloem feeding, are a likely mediator of these interactions. In an approach to identify aphid effectors that facilitate feeding from host plants, eleven Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) salivary proteins and the GroEL protein of Buchnera aphidicola, a bacterial endosymbiont of this aphid species, were expressed transiently in Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco). Whereas two salivary proteins increased aphid reproduction, expression of three other aphid proteins and GroEL significantly decreased aphid reproduction on N. tabacum. These effects were recapitulated in stable transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Further experiments with A. thaliana expressing Mp55, a salivary protein that increased aphid reproduction, showed lower accumulation of 4-methoxyindol-3-ylmethylglucosinolate, callose and hydrogen peroxide in response to aphid feeding. Mp55-expressing plants also were more attractive for aphids in choice assays. Silencing Mp55 gene expression in M. persicae using RNA interference approaches reduced aphid reproduction on N. tabacum, A. thaliana, and N. benthamiana. Together, these results demonstrate a role for Mp55, a protein with as-yet-unknown molecular function, in the interaction of M. persicae with its host plants.

scholarly journals Aphid endosymbiont facilitates virus transmission by modulating the volatile profile of host plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Bin Shi ◽  
Shuo Yan ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Li-Min Zheng ◽  
Zhan-Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Volatile Profile ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Buchnera Aphidicola ◽  
Plant Volatile ◽  
Volatile Profiles

Abstract Background Most plant viruses rely on vectors for their transmission and spread. One of the outstanding biological questions concerning the vector-pathogen-symbiont multi-trophic interactions is the potential involvement of vector symbionts in the virus transmission process. Here, we used a multi-factorial system containing a non-persistent plant virus, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), its primary vector, green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, and the obligate endosymbiont, Buchnera aphidicola to explore this uncharted territory. Results Based on our preliminary research, we hypothesized that aphid endosymbiont B. aphidicola can facilitate CMV transmission by modulating plant volatile profiles. Gene expression analyses demonstrated that CMV infection reduced B. aphidicola abundance in M. persicae, in which lower abundance of B. aphidicola was associated with a preference shift in aphids from infected to healthy plants. Volatile profile analyses confirmed that feeding by aphids with lower B. aphidicola titers reduced the production of attractants, while increased the emission of deterrents. As a result, M. persicae changed their feeding preference from infected to healthy plants. Conclusions We conclude that CMV infection reduces the B. aphidicola abundance in M. persicae. When viruliferous aphids feed on host plants, dynamic changes in obligate symbionts lead to a shift in plant volatiles from attraction to avoidance, thereby switching insect vector’s feeding preference from infected to healthy plants.

STUDY REGARDING THE APHIDOFAGOUS FAUNA STRUCTURE IN THE PEACH ORCHARDS FROM CONSTANTA COUNTY IN 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Andrei Chiriloaie-Palade ◽  
Mădălina Radulea ◽  
Gheorghe Lămureanu ◽  
Ștefan Ion Mocanu ◽  
Maria Iamandei
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Management System ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Predatory Insect ◽  
Predatory Insects ◽  
Aphid Populations

"The cosmopolitan aphid species Myzus persicae is a key pest of peach orchards in south and southeastern Romania. The phenomenon of resistance induced by the intensive use of insecticides is a matter of concern for farmers and protectionists, making necessary integrated measure for the control of this pest. Conservation of natural enemy’s populations is an essential component of any management system proposed for pest aphids. The aim of the study was to determine the structure of predatory insects associated with Myzus persicae populations in peach orchards. The research was carried out in three orchards from two localities from Constanta County, in peach plantations with Springcrest variety aged 7, 11 and 12 years. As a result of this study, there were determined a total of 15 predatory insect species belonging to eight systematic families: Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae, Syrphydae, Cecidomyiidae, Panorpidae, Nabidae and Forficulidae, which naturally contribute to the reduction of the green peach aphid populations. "

scholarly journals A salivary effector enables whitefly to feed on host plants by eliciting salicylic acid-signaling pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 490-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Xing Xu ◽  
Li-Xin Qian ◽  
Xing-Wei Wang ◽  
Ruo-Xuan Shao ◽  
Yue Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Salicylic Acid Signaling ◽  
Homeobox Transcription Factor ◽  
Phloem Feeding ◽  
Sa Signaling

Phloem-feeding insects feed on plant phloem using their stylets. While ingesting phloem sap, these insects secrete saliva to circumvent plant defenses. Previous studies have shown that, to facilitate their feeding, many phloem-feeding insects can elicit the salicylic acid- (SA-) signaling pathway and thus suppress effective jasmonic acid defenses. However, the molecular basis for the regulation of the plant's defense by phloem-feeding insects remains largely unknown. Here, we show that Bt56, a whitefly-secreted low molecular weight salivary protein, is highly expressed in the whitefly primary salivary gland and is delivered into host plants during feeding. Overexpression of the Bt56 gene in planta promotes susceptibility of tobacco to the whitefly and elicits the SA-signaling pathway. In contrast, silencing the whitefly Bt56 gene significantly decreases whitefly performance on host plants and interrupts whitefly phloem feeding with whiteflies losing the ability to activate the SA pathway. Protein-protein interaction assays show that the Bt56 protein directly interacts with a tobacco KNOTTED 1-like homeobox transcription factor that decreases whitefly performance and suppresses whitefly-induced SA accumulation. The Bt56 orthologous genes are highly conserved but differentially expressed in different species of whiteflies. In conclusion, Bt56 is a key salivary effector that promotes whitefly performance by eliciting salicylic acid-signaling pathway.

HrpNEa-induced deterrent effect on phloem feeding of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae requires AtGSL5 and AtMYB44 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beibei Lü ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Shuping Zhang ◽  
Chunling Zhang ◽  
Jun Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Phloem Feeding

The role of the color of the substratum on the initiation of the probing behavior in Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Homoptera: Aphididae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Probing Behavior

Twenty-five colors were evaluated for their effect on the initiation of probing behavior in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas). The proportion of aphids of both species initiating probing behavior was maximum on green, yellow, or orange and lowest on purple, blue, white, or black. The time taken by individual aphids to begin probing was shorter for M. persicae than for M. euphorbiae but was essentially unaffected by colors. A larger proportion of both aphid species probed on the lower surface of potato (var. Kathadin) leaflet compared with the upper surface. The proportion of aphids initiating probing was the same on the lower surface of a potato leaf and on paper similar in color, indicating that the color of the substratum is determinant in the initiation of feeding for those aphids.

Characterization of resistance to multiple aphid species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) inMedicago truncatula

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-L. Gao ◽  
R. Horbury ◽  
R.M. Nair ◽  
K.B. Singh ◽  
O.R. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Model Legume ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Phloem Feeding

AbstractAphids are phloem-feeding insects that damage many important crops throughout the world yet, compared to plant–pathogen interactions, little is known about the mechanisms by which plants become resistant to aphids.Medicago truncatula(barrel medic) is widely considered as the pre-eminent model legume for genetic and biological research and in Australia is an important pasture species. Six cultivars ofM. truncatulawith varying levels of resistance to two pests of pasture and forage legumes, the bluegreen aphidAcyrthosiphon kondoiShinji and the spotted alfalfa aphidTherioaphis trifoliif.maculata. (Buckton) are investigated. Two resistance phenotypes againstT. trifoliif.maculataare described, one of which is particularly effective, killing most aphids within 24 h of infestation. Each resistance phenotype provided a similar but somewhat less effective degree of resistance to the closely-related spotted clover aphidTherioaphis trifolii(Monell). In the case ofA. kondoionly one resistance phenotype was observed, which did not vary among different genetic backgrounds. None of the observed resistance againstA. kondoiorT. trifoliif.maculatasignificantly affected the performance of green peach aphidMyzus persicae(Sulzer) or cowpea aphidAphis craccivoraKoch. The existence of multiple aphid resistance mechanisms in similar genetic backgrounds of this model plant provides a unique opportunity to characterize the fundamental basis of plant defence to these serious agricultural pests.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of genome sequences from four strains of the Buchnera aphidicola Mp endosymbion of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae

BMC Genomics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijie Jiang ◽  
Derek H Jones ◽  
Sawsan Khuri ◽  
Nicholas F Tsinoremas ◽  
Tania Wyss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Buchnera Aphidicola

scholarly journals Plant Viruses Transmitted in Two Different Modes Produce Differing Effects on Small RNA-Mediated Processes in Their Aphid Vector

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia V. Pinheiro ◽  
Jennifer R. Wilson ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Ana Rita Rebelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Buchnera Aphidicola ◽  
Antiviral Immune Response ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Regulation ◽  
Leafroll Virus

Transmission of plant viruses by aphids involves multitrophic interactions among host plants, aphid vectors, and plant viruses. Here, we used small RNA (sRNA) sequencing to visualize the sRNA response of Myzus persicae to two plant viruses that M. persicae transmits in different modes: the nonpersistent Potato virus Y (PVY) versus the persistent Potato leafroll virus (PLRV). Aphids exposed to PLRV produced significantly less 22 mers aligned to the aphid genome, and an abundance of 26 to 27 mers, many of which were predicted to be piRNA. Additionally, expression of Buchnera aphidicola tRNA-derived sRNAs was influenced by PLRV and, to a lesser extent, PVY, suggesting that plant viruses alter the aphid-endosymbiont relationship. Finally, aphids exposed to PLRV-infected plants generated an abundance of unusually long sRNAs and a reduced number of 22 mers against an aphid virus, Myzus persicae densovirus (MpDNV) and had higher MpDNV titer. Expression of the PLRV silencing suppressor P0 in plants recapitulated the increase in MpDNV titer in the absence of PLRV infection. Our results show that plant viruses transmitted in two different modes cause distinct effects on their vector with regards to post-transcriptional gene regulation, symbiosis with Buchnera, and the antiviral immune response of aphids to an aphid-infecting densovirus.

scholarly journals Mp10 and Mp42 from the Aphid Species Myzus persicae Trigger Plant Defenses in Nicotiana benthamiana Through Different Activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Rodriguez ◽  
Remco Stam ◽  
Tim Warbroek ◽  
Jorunn I. B. Bos
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Transient Overexpression

Aphids are phloem-feeding insects that, like other plant parasites, deliver effectors inside their host to manipulate host responses. The Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) candidate effectors Mp10 and Mp42 were previously found to reduce aphid fecundity upon intracellular transient overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana. We performed functional analyses of these proteins to investigate whether they activate defenses through similar activities. We employed a range of functional characterization experiments based on intracellular transient overexpression in N. benthamiana to determine the subcellular localization of Mp10 and Mp42 and investigate their role in activating plant defense signaling. Mp10 and Mp42 showed distinct subcellular localization in planta, suggesting that they target different host compartments. Also, Mp10 reduced the levels of Agrobacterium-mediated overexpression of proteins. This reduction was not due to an effect on Agrobacterium viability. Transient overexpression of Mp10 but not Mp42 activated jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling pathways and decreased susceptibility to the hemibiotrophic plant pathogen Phytophthora capsici. We found that two candidate effectors from the broad-host-range aphid M. persicae can trigger aphid defenses through different mechanisms. Importantly, we found that some (candidate) effectors such as Mp10 interfere with Agrobacterium-based overexpression assays, an important tool to study effector activity and function.

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