scholarly journals Irish in the West Indies: Irish Influence on the Formation of English-Based Creoles

2015 ◽  
pp. 181-192
Author(s):  
Elena Perekhvalskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
West African ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
The West ◽  
Irish Language ◽  
African Languages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Caribbean

This article deals with the problem of the early stages of creole formation. The significant structural and material similarities between the aspectual systems of the verb in Hiberno-English and in the West Indies English-based creoles are demonstrated. Suggestions are made about the possible impact of the Irish language on the formation of the English-based creoles in the early stages of creolisation. The historical evidence which proves the possibility of language contact between Irish, English and West African languages in the Caribbean in the past is provided.

The early stages of certain West African Mosquitos

1917 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ingram ◽  
J. W. S. Macfie
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Specific Determination

Howard, Dyar and Knab in their monograph “ The Mosquitoes of North and Central America and the West Indies,” in discussing the rearing of mosquitos, emphasise the importance of larvae in specific determination. They write (Vol. I, p. 181) “ Many species of Culex are of uncertain determination without the associated larvae, while some Aëdes have identical adults, yet dissimilar larvae. The characters of the larvae reside in the modifications of the chitinous appendages of the skin and the arrangement of the hairs. As these are fully retained by the cast skins, it is possible to preserve both the larva and the adult of the same identical specimen, thus assuring absolutely correct associations.”

Lexical Conflation as a Basis for Relexification

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Kihm
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
African Languages ◽  
The Caribbean

Substratal influences as an explanation for creolization (and language change generally) often fail to convince for one major reason, namely that, in most cases, the possible substratum for a given creole language is now separated from the site where creolization took place by a wide historical and geographical gap. This, for example, is the case of the West African languages vis-à-vis the Caribbean Creoles.

scholarly journals Circumstantial evidence for the presence of monk seals in the West Indies

Oryx ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Boyd ◽  
M. P. Stanfield
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Circumstantial Evidence ◽  
Harbour Seal ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Monk Seals

Based on interviews with 93 fishermen in northern Haiti and Jamaica during 1997 an assessment was made of the likelihood that monk seals survive in this region of the West Indies. Fishermen were asked to select marine species known to them from randomly arranged pictures: 22.6 per cent (n = 21) selected monk seals. This number was significantly (P < 0.001) greater than the number who selected control species (walrus, harbour seal, and sea-lion) that they were unlikely to have observed. However, it was not significantly different (n = 19, P > 0.1) from the number who selected manatees, which are known to occur in the region in small numbers. More than 95 per cent of respondents also identified species that are known to occur commonly in the region. Further questioning of the 21 respondents who selected monk seals suggested that 16 (78 per cent) of them had seen at least one in the past 1–2 years. Those fishermen that were able to provide further descriptions gave information about size and colour that was consistent with many of these seals being monk seals. It is possible that the Caribbean monk seal is not extinct.

English in the West Indies, or the West Indies in English?

1964 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dillard
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
North America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New World ◽  
West African ◽  
The Other ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Sea Islands ◽  
The West ◽  
The Caribbean

The English of the West Indies, like the other languages of the area, shows many resemblances to the language patterns of Negroes in other parts of the New World. There have been many controversies over this matter, with many linguists, especially dialect geographers, inclined to deny West African influence upon anything inside continental North America except for Gullah(Georgia and South Carolina sea islands) and the French Creole of Louisiana. Others, like Lorenzo Turner, who conclusively disproved the widely held belief that Gullah was an amalgam of archaic features from the British Isles,have substantiated the thesis of the anthropologist Melville J. Herskovits that the culture, including the language, of Negroes from Suriname to Michigan retains many traces of African patterns. And, since the recent death of the Haitian philologist Jules Faine, no one has seriously denied resemblances among the Caribbean dialects.

French Lexicography in Africa: a Three-Dimensional Project

1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad Max Benedict Brann
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ford Foundation ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
African Languages ◽  
The Past ◽  
English Speaking

Few English-speaking scholars realise that a francophone network of scholars has powerfully developed the study of contact between French and African languages over the past decade, and that this is currently being synthesised in the form of an Inventaire des particularités lexicales du français en Afrique noire. This corporate work, sponsored by the Association des universités partiellement ou entièrement de langue française (A.U.P.E.L.F.) and the Agence de coopération culturelle et technique (A.C.C.T.),1 is of considerable linguistic, educational, and sociopolitical significance, and deserves to be widely known in Africa. Indeed, it will be remembered that at the founding of the West African Linguistic Society in 1961 two surveys were mooted: West African languages and, later, English in West Africa, of which the former was accomplished with the help of the International African Institute and the Ford Foundation, while the latter was forgotten. With the ‘Inventory of French in Africa’, the francophone network of scholars has certainly stolen a march on English-speaking Africa.

Caribbean French-African Creole and African Metaphysics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanétha Vété-Congolo
Keyword(s):  
African Language ◽  
The West ◽  
French Empire ◽  
African Languages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Per Se

The Euro-enslavement enterprise in America expanded the European geography temporarily, and, more lastingly, its culturo-linguistic and philosophical influence. The deportation of millions of Africans within that enterprise similarly extended the African presence in this part of the world, especially in the Caribbean. Africans deported by the French Empire spoke languages of the West Atlantic Mande, Kwa, or Voltaic groups. They arrived in their new and final location with their languages. However, no African language wholly survived the ordeal of enslavement in the Caribbean. This signals language as perhaps the most important political and philosophical instrument of colonization. I am therefore interested in “Pawòl,” that is, the ethical, human, and humanist responses Africans brought to their situation through language per se and African languages principally. I am also interested in the metaphysical value of “Pawòl.”

Slavery and Christianity in the British West Indies

1950 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Worthington Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
British West Indies ◽  
The West ◽  
The Caribbean

Slavery in the British Empire was always centered in the British West Indies. To a greater degree than in the Southern Thirteen Colonies, economic life in the West Indies depended upon Negro slavery, and the population of the islands soon became predominantly Negro. With the loss of the Thirteen Colonies after 1775, slavery within the British Empire became almost entirely confined to the Caribbean colonies. Until the emancipation of the slaves in 1833, British eyes were focused upon the West Indies whenever slavery was mentioned.

Caribbean Commission

1949 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-166
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
United Nations ◽  
West Indies ◽  
West Indian ◽  
The West ◽  
French West Indies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The United Nations

The third session of the West Indian Conference opened at Guadeloupe, French West Indies on December 1, 1948 and closed on December 14, after considering policy to be followed by the Caribbean Commission for the next two years. The Conference was attended by two delegates from each of the fifteen territories within the jurisdiction of the commission and observers invited by the commission from Haiti, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and the United Nations and its specialized agencies.

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