"Risk literacy" and social cleavages: Vulnerability in three acts

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hashimoto ◽  
◽  
Aras Zirgulis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Social Cleavages ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Literacy ◽  
Physical Access

Although recent studies show widening socio-economic divisions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many such divisions were already identified as social cleavages. Scholars and observers tend to view the world in a dichotomous manner, overgeneralising their analyses along known cleavages. Therefore, the relevance of our work as scholars is at risk and we, the scholars of the contemporary world, are “vulnerable” to the temptation of ignoring the details, nuances, and complexities. The uneven impact of and recovery from the pandemic is not necessarily binary – for example, a refusal to follow the medical consensus (e.g. social distancing, vaccination) can be observed on both sides of many cleavages. Against such a background, this paper first characterises the pandemic as a medical, socio-economic, and information crisis. With the former two “pillars” resembling the known cleavages, the third pillar goes beyond the physical access to information and deals with the people’s perception of various risks. Such a behavioural angle to the vulnerability – labelled “risk literacy” – highlights the phenomenon of “digital divide” and shows a promising feature as an additional analytical tool. By familiarising ourselves with the people’s varying risk perceptions, we increase our own literacy against the risk of overgeneralisation.

Technologies of Democracy: Participation and Access in the University Environment

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Hall ◽  
Naida Caidi
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
The University ◽  
Physical Access

Although Canada globally ranks among the top ten countries for per capita Internet use (ITU, 2001; Statistics Canada, 2002), roughly one half of the population is till not online. The Canadian government has supported numerous initiatives aimed at bridging the 'digital divide' between technological haves and have-nots, recognizing, at the same time, that simple physical access to information. . .

scholarly journals Education for Humanity – as the Message of the Older Generation of Teachers – In the Light of their Memoirs 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-35
Author(s):  
Wanda Dróżka
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
National Competition ◽  
Analytical Attitude ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Training

SummaryThe article attempts to familiarise the reader with the memoirs of teachers compiled as a result of the third edition of the National Competition for memoirs and other autobiographical statements under the title “Teacher’s message: Generations of Polish Teachers for the Future” (2014–2016). In the light of the preliminary analysis of the texts submitted, an outline emerges of the mission that teachers would see for themselves, for their successors, and for education of the 21st century. It is something significant: the mission of protecting humanity for future generations, for preserving the world, for the survival of spiritual values confronted with consumerism, cybertechnology, and scientific progress on the basis of genetics, computer science, etc. Education appears in the light of these diaries as a space and a way to reinforce humanity, which is threatened from different sides. There are two approaches here, two concepts of education and training, and of the teacher’s role in this work, the more conservative and the more liberal. In general, it is a question of rational citizenship, the rational use of subjectivity and autonomy, which is similar to M. Nussbaum’s concept of remedying the citizenship crisis. This mission of education requires reflective, subjective and autonomous teachers, using discursive reflexivity (thinking about their own thinking), with an analytical attitude, respecting the requirement of interdependence, understanding the contemporary world, themselves and others. In turn, what this requires from teachers is deep knowledge, thorough education, a high level of culture, and humanistic, subjective and reflective changes in their education and professional development.

scholarly journals The place of Sub-Sahara Africa in the Worldsportsystem

Afrika Focus ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trudo Dejonghe
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Third World ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Cultural Imperialism ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Third World

The contemporary world sportsystem is developed through globalisation with its homogenisation and heterogenisation processes. The result of these opposite forces is the division of the world in 6 classes. Sub-Sahara Africa underwent, with the exception of South- Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe, a total and passive acceptance of the western (British) modern sports. The place of that part of Africa is analogue to and correlates with its place in Wallerstein's world- system periphery. The introduction of modern sports is associated with the spatial diffusion of the 19th century British hegemonic cultural imperialism. The purpose of this policy was a transformation of the traditional society into a modern functional world-culture and the incorporation of that part of the world in the world-system.The anti-western feelings after the independence resulted in a political Pan-Africanism. However, sport and more specific soccer, a typical product of the western domination, has not been rejected. On the contrary, local politicians used it to create a national identity. The strong link between soccer and soil resulted in a strong form of topophily. This connection was transformed into sportnationalism and created in the, through artificial borders developed, nations a unity and a national pride. The outcome of sport games was used to demonstrate the successes in politics and economics. The absence of any political platform on which the Third World had a strong voice brought about that the international sport scene, such as the FIFA, was used for the unification of the Third World against the former colonial powers. Nowadays, the globalisation processes result in an increasing labour migration of African football players to the rich core competitions in Europe. This form of migration can be classified as another form of "cash crop" or in this case "foot drain.. " "As Roman imperialism laid the foundation of modern civilisation and led wild barbarians of these islands (Britain) along the path of progress, so in Africa today we are repaying the debt, and bringing to the dark places of the earth — the abode of barbarism and cruelty — the torch of culture and progress... we hold these countries because it is the genius of our race to colonise, to trade and to govern "(quote by the English educationist Sir Frederick Lugard (1858-1954) in Mandell, 1986: p.102).Key Words: foot drain, globalisation, labour migration, national identity, soccer, sport nationalism, world sport-system. 

scholarly journals Jak zrealizować wspólny projekt pt. „Małżeństwo”? Papieża Franciszka koncepcja przygotowania do małżeństwa

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Madalena Parzyszek
Keyword(s):  
General Assembly ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Pope Francis ◽  
Christian Initiation ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church ◽  
Present Understanding

Abstrakt: Papież Franciszek zwołując 5 października 2014 roku III nadzwyczajne zgromadzenie ogólne Synodu Biskupów nt. „Wyzwań duszpasterskich dla rodziny w kontekście nowej ewangelizacji”, oraz 24 października 2015 roku wydając dokument „Misja i powołanie rodziny w Kościele i w świecie współczesnym” zaprosił do refleksji m.in. nad przygotowaniem do małżeństwa. Dotyczy ona głoszenia kerygmatu i inicjacji w sakrament. Autorka artykułu podejmuje się odczytania rozumienia kerygmatu w nauczaniu papieża Franciszka rozumiejąc go jako orędzie mające moc przemiany życia, prowadzące do osobowej relacji z Bogiem, zawierające także konieczność proklamowania go w świecie. Inicjację w sakrament rozumie jako „zakorzenienia przygotowania do małżeństwa w procesie inicjacji chrześcijańskiej, z zaakcentowaniem powiązania małżeństwa ze chrztem oraz innymi sakramentami” ( Franciszek, 2016, 206). Refleksja nad wskazanymi treściami w związku z przygotowaniem do małżeństwa stanowi przyczynek do dyskusji nad zaproponowanym tematem.   Abstract: Pope Francis convoking The Third Extraordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops on 5th October 2014 on the topic of „Pastoral Challenges of the Family in the Context of Evangelization” and during The Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, popularly referred to as the Synod on the Family, releasing on 24 October 2015 the final report intitled "The Vocation and Mission of the Family in the Church and in the Contemporary World” invited to join reflection how to prepare for marriage. It is concerned with preaching the kerygma and initiation into sacrament of Martimony. The aim of the author of this article is to present understanding the kerygma in Pope Francis’ teaching as a proclamation having power to change life, leading to relationship with God including also necessity to proclaim it in the world.  Initiation into sacrament of Martimony is understood as „implanting prepation for marriage during christian initiation, with accenting connection marriage with the baptism and other sacraments” (Pope Francis, 2016, 206). Reflection of indicated contents connected with preparing for marriage constitutes a trigger to discussion of proposed subject.  

scholarly journals The Place of Sub-Sahara Africa in the Worldsportsystem

Afrika Focus ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-111
Author(s):  
Trudo Dejonghe
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Cultural Imperialism ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
International Sport

The place of Sub-Sahara Africa in the Worldsportsystem The contemporary world sportsystem is developed through globalisation with its homogenisation and heterogenisation processes. The result of these opposite forces is the division of the world in 6 classes. Sub-Sahara Africa underwent, with the exception of South-Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe, a total and passive acceptance of the western (British) modern sports. The place of that part of Africa is analogue to and correlates with its place in Wallerstein’s worldsystem periphery. The introduction of modern sports is associated with the spatial diffusion of the 19th century British hegemonic cultural imperialism. The purpose of this policy was a transformation of the traditional society into a modern functional world-culture and the incorporation of that part of the world in the world-system. The anti-western feelings after the independence resulted in a political Pan-Africanism. However, sport and more specific soccer, a typical product of the western domination, has not been rejected. On the contrary, local politicians used it to create a national identity. The strong link between soccer and soil resulted in a strong form of topophily. This connection was transformed into sportnationalism and created in the, through artificial borders developed, nations a unity and a national pride. The outcome of sport games was used to demonstrate the successes in politics and economics. The absence of any political platform on which the Third World had a strong voice brought about that the international sport scene, such as the FIFA, was used for the unification of the Third World against the former colonial powers. Nowadays, the globalisation processes result in an increasing labour migration of African football players to the rich core competitions in Europe. This form of migration can be classified as another form of “cash crop” or in this case “foot drain..” “As Roman imperialism laid the foundation of modern civilisation and led wild barbarians of these islands (Britain) along the path of progress, so in Africa today we are repaying the debt, and bringing to the dark places of the earth – the abode of barbarism and cruelty – the torch of culture and progress… we hold these countries because it is the genius of our race to colonise, to trade and to govern” (quote by the English educationist Sir Frederick Lugard (1858-1954) in Mandell, 1986: p.102).

scholarly journals The first-level digital divide shifts from inequalities in physical access to inequalities in material access

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander JAM van Deursen ◽  
Jan AGM van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Dutch Population ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Internet Connection ◽  
Internet Skills ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Opinion ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Physical Access

For a long time, a common opinion among policy-makers was that the digital divide problem would be solved when a country’s Internet connection rate reaches saturation. However, scholars of the second-level digital divide have concluded that the divides in Internet skills and type of use continue to expand even after physical access is universal. This study—based on an online survey among a representative sample of the Dutch population—indicates that the first-level digital divide remains a problem in one of the richest and most technologically advanced countries in the world. By extending basic physical access combined with material access, the study finds that a diversity in access to devices and peripherals, device-related opportunities, and the ongoing expenses required to maintain the hardware, software, and subscriptions affect existing inequalities related to Internet skills, uses, and outcomes.

scholarly journals NARROWING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE IN MALAYSIA: ISSUES AND INITIATIVES

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
L.N. Foo ◽  
W.K. Lai ◽  
C. Elamzazuthi
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
National Programmes ◽  
The World ◽  
Access And Equity ◽  
Information And Communication

Equity of and access to information and communication technologies (ICT) is currently a burning issue in many countries around the world. Malaysia, as a nation with about 22 million inhabitants, has taken some strong strides in recent times to bridge the access and equity gaps through appropriate policies and strategic national programmes. This paper will examine some of the key elements of several of these initiatives to bridge the digital divide in the country, in particular, the Titian Digital programme. We will also be identifying some of the major challenges that this programme hopes to resolve.

Optimum Structure of the Banking Market: How Many Banks Are Necessary for Russia?

2006 ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Number

The number of classical banks in the world has reduced. In the majority of countries the number of banks does not exceed 200. The uniqueness of the Russian banking sector is that in this respect it takes the third place in the world after the USA and Germany. The paper reviews the conclusions of the economic theory about the optimum structure of the banking market. The empirical analysis shows that the number of banks in a country is influenced by the size of its territory, population number and GDP per capita. Our econometric estimate is that the equilibrium number of banks in Russia should be in a range of 180-220 units.

Overcoming “The Third Way” Concept

2006 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
L. Evstigneeva ◽  
R. Evstigneev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Third Way ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linear Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Non Linear

“The Third Way” concept is still widespread all over the world. Growing socio-economic uncertainty makes the authors revise the concept. In the course of discussion with other authors they introduce a synergetic vision of the problem. That means in the first place changing a linear approach to the economic research for a non-linear one.

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