scholarly journals Estimating the Economic Value of Radio Spectrum for Trunked Radio System

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-364
Author(s):  
Hee Sub Byun ◽  
Kwon-Hum Yeon ◽  
Yongkyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Radio System

Secure Intelligent Radio for Trains (SIRT)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Damindra S. Bandara ◽  
Satish Kolli ◽  
Duminda Wijesekara
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Adaptive Modulation ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Radio Noise ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Cognitive Engine ◽  
Prototype Development

American Railroads are planning to complete implementing their Positive Train Control (PTC) systems by 2020. Safety objectives of PTC are to avoid inter-train collisions, train derailments and ensuring railroad worker safety. Under published specifications of I-ETMS (the PTC system developed by Class I freight railroads), the on-board PTC controller communicates with two networks; namely, the Signaling network and the Wayside Interface Unit network to gather navigational information such as the positions of other trains, the status of critical infrastructure (such as switches) and any hazardous conditions that may affect the train path. By design, PTC systems are predicated on having a reliable radio network operating in reserved radio spectrum, although the PTC system itself is designed to be a real-time fail safe distributed control systems. Secure Intelligent Radio for Trains (SIRT) is an intelligent radio that is customized to train operations with the aim of improving the reliability and security of the radio communication network. SIRT has two tiers. The upper tier has the Master Cognitive Engine (MCE) which communicates with other SIRT nodes to obtain signaling and wayside device information. To do so, the MCE communicates with cognitive engines at the lower tier of SIRT; namely the Cryptographic Cognitive Engine (CCE) (that provide cryptographic security and threat detection) and the Spectrum Management Cognitive Engine (SCE) (that uses spectrum monitoring, frequency hopping and adaptive modulation to ensure the reliability of the radio communication medium). We presented the architecture and the prototype development of the CCE in [1]. This paper presents the design of the MCE and the SCE. We are currently developing a prototype of the SCE and the MCE and testing the performance of our cognitive radio system under varying radio noise conditions. Our experiments show that SIRT dynamically switches modulation schemes in response to radio noise and switches channels in response to channel jamming.

Predictive study on the economic value of radio spectrum in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-496
Author(s):  
Huixian Wang ◽  
Tingjie Lv ◽  
Xia Chen ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Predictive Study

scholarly journals Resource Allocation in a Cognitive Radio System with Imperfect Channel State Estimation

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Qin ◽  
Cyril Leung ◽  
Chunyan Miao ◽  
Zhiqi Shen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Channel Estimation ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Channel Estimation Errors ◽  
Channel State Estimation ◽  
Cr System

Cognitive radio (CR) is a promising concept for improving the utilization of scarce radio spectrum resources. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is regarded as a technology which is well matched for CR systems. It is shown that channel estimation errors can result in a severe performance degradation in a multiuser OFDM CR system. A simple back-off scheme is proposed, and simulation results are provided which show that the proposed scheme is very effective in mitigating the negative impact of channel estimation errors.

RESEARCH OF SIGNAL DETECTION ALGORITHMS IN COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Е.Е. Гринин ◽  
А.Б. Антиликаторов ◽  
О.В. Четкин ◽  
И.А. Новикова
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Asymptotic Relative Efficiency ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Radio Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Standard Distribution ◽  
Distribution Laws ◽  
Non Parametric

Основной темой являются некоторые из алгоритмов сканирования радиоспектра и обнаружения сигналов в системе когнитивного радио, а также само когнитивное радио. Данная тема является актуальной, так как применение широкополосных каналов является одним из вариантов организации связи, но при этом возникают некоторое трудности. Например, из-за большого числа пользователей необходимо более рационально использовать спектр радиочастот. Рассматриваются основные аспекты обнаружения сигнала в узкополосных и широкополосных диапазонах. Рассказывается о недостатках адаптивных алгоритмов обнаружения, основанных на стандартных законах распределения. Приведены примеры как параметрических, так и непараметрических алгоритмов обнаружения. Подробно описывается алгоритм, основанный на критерии Уилкоксона. При помощи критерия Неймана-Пирсона можно сравнивать обнаружители между собой. Сделаны выводы о целесообразности применения для мониторинга радиоспектра непараметрических алгоритмов обнаружения. Для случая постоянного положительного сигнала на фоне гауссовской помехи сравнение значений асимптотической относительной эффективности для критерия Уилкоксона со значением линейного обнаружителя составляет порядка 0,955. Это значение говорит о том, что оба обнаружителя практически не уступают друг другу в таких условиях The article discusses some of the algorithms for scanning the radio spectrum and detecting signals in the cognitive radio system, as well as the cognitive radio itself. This topic is relevant since the use of broadband channels is one of the options for organizing communication. Due to a large number of users, it is necessary to more rationally use the radio frequency spectrum. We considered the main aspects of the detection of the signal in narrowband and broadband bands. We described the lack of adaptive detection algorithms based on the standard distribution laws. We give examples of both parametric and non-parametric detection algorithms. We described the algorithm based on Wilcoxon's criteria in detail. Using the Neuman-Pearson's criterion, you can compare the detectors among themselves. We made conclusions about the feasibility of application for monitoring the radiospectract of non-parametric detection algorithms. For the case of a constant positive signal against the background of Gaussian interference, comparing the values of asymptotic relative efficiency for the Wilcoxon’s criterion with the value of the linear detector is about 0.955. This value suggests that both detectors are practically inferior to each other in such conditions

The Value of Private Non-Industrial Forestland for Wildlife Species Conservation

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly A. Johnson ◽  
Timm Kroeger ◽  
Josh Horn ◽  
Alison E. Adams ◽  
Damian C. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Wildlife Viewing ◽  
Animal Habitat

Animals in Florida provide a variety of benefits to people, from recreation (fishing, hunting, or wildlife viewing) to protection of human life and property (oysters and corals provide reef structures that help protect coasts from erosion and flooding). By measuring the economic value of these benefits, we can assign a monetary value to the habitats that sustain these species and assess the value that is lost when development or other human-based activities degrade animal habitat. This 5-page fact sheet presents the results of a study that assessed the value of protecting five animal species in Florida and showed the economic value of protecting animal habitat.

PROSPEK USAHA INOVASI SPEAKER DAN PAJANGAN UNIK UPAYA PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH GULUNGAN KERTAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Saputri Rizki Ramadhanti ◽  
Joti Dina Kartikasari ◽  
Alfian Muttoqim Muttoqim ◽  
Umi Farida Farida ◽  
Amanda Oktaviani Amanda
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Direct Selling ◽  
Paper Waste ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
New Business

The amount of paper waste, especially paper waste of yarn rolls in the socks manufactured factory and the convection industry that has not been used to get high economic value is an opportunity to open a new business, especially in the electronic and art craft product. SEPIK PANIK (Speaker of Music and Unique Display of Waste Paper Rolls) is an innovation from processing paper waste to be a unique speaker. The purposes of this program are: 1) Utilizing paper waste to get high selling value. 2) Creating handmade products from paper waste into speakers as well as unique creative display. 3) To accommodate the desire of college students who have entrepreneurial spirit and artistic creations to open new business opportunities. The method of make this SEPIK PANIK product includes 1) Making paper tube of speaker and 2) Making a Unique Display. The Sales of this product have been carried out during May to August 2019, products that have been sold are 34 units, obtained a profit of Rp. 1.170,000. Sales and promotion methods are carried out both online through social media and offline, namely direct selling and consignment. Based on these results, this business is very profitable and can benefit the surrounding environment.

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