Possible Influence of Solar Activity on Global Volcanicity

Few things are more central to earth history, planetary evolution and the earth system, than volcanism. Explosive volcanism in particular exhibits individual events whose impact can range from local to global. Developing a mechanistic understanding of the inner workings of volcanic systems is essential for understanding their behavior and modelling their impact. Experiments form a fundamental part of our modern scientific approach to volcanic research, an approach which relies heavily on materials characterisation. In the year 2021, we can look back on decades of&#160; novel and highly innovative experimental approaches applied to the investigation of volcanic processes. The focus has ranged from pre-eruptive and eruptive dynamics&#160; all the way to the fate&#160; and importance of volcanic materials in the Earth System. The applied aspects of the work reach, for example, into eruption forecasting, hazard mapping and aviation safety. I will attempt portray the the long term strategy of the approach we have taken as well as providing comments on the likelihood of certain further developments in the near future.

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Cumulative areawise testing in wavelet analysis and its application to geophysical time series

Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics ◽

10.5194/npg-23-45-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 45-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Justin A. Schulte

Keyword(s):

Wavelet Analysis ◽

Statistical Power ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Scientific Investigation ◽

Statistical Significance Testing ◽

Significance Level ◽

Significance Levels ◽

Geophysical Time Series ◽

Selection Of

Abstract. Statistical significance testing in wavelet analysis was improved through the development of a cumulative areawise test. The test was developed to eliminate the selection of two significance levels that an existing geometric test requires for implementation. The selection of two significance levels was found to make the test sensitive to the chosen pointwise significance level, which may preclude further scientific investigation. A set of experiments determined that the cumulative areawise test has greater statistical power than the geometric test in most cases, especially when the signal-to-noise ratio is high. The number of false positives identified by the tests was found to be similar if the respective significance levels were set to 0.05.

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IS THE SOLAR ACTIVITY CYCLE SYNCHRONIZED WITH THE SOLAR INERTIAL MOTION?

International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos ◽

10.1142/s0218127400001766 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2519-2526 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

MILAN PALUŠ ◽

JÜRGEN KURTHS ◽

UDO SCHWARZ ◽

DAGMAR NOVOTNÁ ◽

IVANKA CHARVÁTOVÁ

Keyword(s):

Solar Activity ◽

Weak Interaction ◽

Phase Synchronization ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Sunspot Cycle ◽

Activity Cycle ◽

Solar Activity Cycle ◽

Inertial Motion ◽

Sunspot Numbers ◽

Analysis Phase

The 300 year record of the yearly sunspot numbers and numerically generated trajectory of the solar inertial motion (SIM) were subjects of a synchronization analysis. Phase synchronization of the sunspot cycle and a fast component of the SIM have been found and confirmed with statistical significance in three epochs (1727–1757, 1802–1832 and 1863–1922) of the entire 1700–1997 record. This result can be considered as a quantitative support for the hypothesis that there is a weak interaction of gravity and solar activity.

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Experimental Access to Volcanic Processes

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-2053 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Donald B. Dingwell

Keyword(s):

Solid Earth ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Earth System ◽

Experimental Volcanology ◽

The Earth ◽

Wide Range ◽

Volcanic Processes ◽

Experimental Approaches ◽

Types Of Information ◽

Geochemical Diversity

Volcanism, and its underlying magmatic origins, are key elements of the Earth System. Their central role can be summed up in the convention that a planet without volcanism is classified as dead. The scientific investigation of the origins, nature and impact of volcanic eruptions is currently one of the most vibrant areas of the solid earth sciences. Observation and quantification of volcanism is greatly assisted by its very nature which includes solid earth processes at the planetary surface and whose dynamics occur on observable timescales. Thus time and location work in our favour. Working against us however is the generally highly energetic, often highly violent, explosive nature of volcanism which frequently precludes deep access to eruptive processes during their operation. Here, the investigation of eruptive processes, together with their causes and consequences, has been greatly assisted by experimental approaches.Highlights of the experimental investigation of volcanism have included the following:1) The geochemical diversity of magma, together with its highly variable phase state, yield a very wide range of magmatic properties which form the basis for much of the variety of volcanic expression.2) The eruptive products of volcanism present a wide range of types of information on the nature of volcano dynamics that can be calibrated with experimental methods.3) The fate and influence of volcanic materials in the Earth System, whose investigation is often accessible via highly novel experiments,&#160; provide a rich palette of impacts that have likely made the presence of volcanism on Earth a defining element in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and elsewhere.Experimental volcanology has a rich future...&#160;&#160;

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Application of the wavelet phase method of signal study to the analysis of asymmetric barycentric motions of the Sun and changes in processes occurring on the Sun, near-earth space and in the interior of the Earth

Yugra State University Bulletin ◽

10.17816/byusu202037-35 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 7-35

Author(s):

Valeriy I. Alekseev

Keyword(s):

Solar Activity ◽

Solar System ◽

Cosmic Ray ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Phase Method ◽

The Sun ◽

Correlation Matrices ◽

Solar Systems ◽

The Earth

A set of studies has been carried out, indicating that solar activity and processes associated with the activity of the Sun: changes in the main magnetic fluxes, areas of polar spots, the number of polar torches at the poles of the Sun; -index of geomagnetic activity and -index of the ratio of plasma pressure to magnetic solar wind (SW), slow and high-speed flows of SW, cosmic ray intensity (CR); average annual values of the interplanetary magnetic field vector and its components; the temperature, density, and flow rate of the SW plasma, the synodic period of the revolution of the Sun as a star, and the radius of the Sun in relative units; the distance of the Earths geographic pole from the conventional international origin, the rate of change of the position of the Earths north magnetic pole, the main ionospheric parameters; the angle of the Earth's axis of rotation and volcanic eruptions; asymmetric movement of the Sun around the solar system of the solar system (in fractions of the solar radius); the distances from the solar systems CM to the Sun in km, the distances from the solar systems CM to the Earth, with high accuracy, are consistent with the movement of the Sun relative to the barycenter. The research is based on the wavelet transformation of the observations listed above variables in various time intervals with the subsequent calculation of their phase-frequency and phase-time characteristics, correlation matrices between characteristics. The studied variables are divided into groups, which include the barycentric movement of the Sun and changes in solar activity. The calculated two correlation matrices of the wavelet characteristics of the group of variables and the graphs of these characteristics in two coordinate systems reflect the consistency of changes in the group. The studies carried out indicate that the thermonuclear reaction occurring in the interior of the Sun, the external manifestation of which is solar activity, is controlled by the movements of the large planets of the Solar System relative to the Sun.

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Cumulative areawise testing in wavelet analysis and its application to geophysical time series

Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics Discussions ◽

10.5194/npgd-2-1227-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 1227-1273 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. A. Schulte

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Wavelet Analysis ◽

Statistical Power ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Testing Procedure ◽

Statistical Significance Testing ◽

Significance Level ◽

Significance Levels ◽

Selection Of

Abstract. Statistical significance testing in wavelet analysis was improved through the development of a cumulative areawise test. The test was developed to eliminate the selection of two significance levels that an existing geometric test requires for implementation. The selection of two significance levels was found to make the test sensitive to the chosen pointwise significance level, which may preclude further scientific investigation. A set of experiments determined that the cumulative areawise test has greater statistical power than the geometric test in most cases, especially when the signal-to-noise ratio is high. The number of false positives identified by the tests was found to be similar if the respective significance levels were set to 0.05. The new testing procedure was applied to the time series of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and Niño 3.4 index. The testing procedure determined that the NAO, PDO, and AMO are consistent with red-noise processes, whereas significant power was found in the 2–7 year period band for the Niño 3.4 index.

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Common 22-year cycles of Earth rotation and solar activity

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s1743921309993000 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (S264) ◽

pp. 407-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yavor Chapanov ◽

Jan Vondrák ◽

Cyril Ron

Keyword(s):

Solar Activity ◽

Sea Level ◽

Earth Rotation ◽

Geomagnetic Field ◽

Water Evaporation ◽

Mean Sea Level ◽

The Core ◽

The Earth ◽

Geophysical Processes ◽

The Mean

AbstractThe 22-year oscillations of the Earth rotation due to several geophysical processes in the core-mantle system, oceans, atmosphere and geomagnetic field are excited mainly by 22-year cycles of the solar activity. These geophysical processes produce their own oscillations of the Earth rotation with different periods around 22 years. The direct and indirect influence of the solar activity on 22-year cycles of the Earth rotation are separated from the core effects and corresponding amplitudes are estimated by means of two approaches. The first, direct approach uses extended time series of Wolf's numbers with 22-year cycles, determined by sign alternation of even sunspot cycles. A linear regression between 22-year cycles of UT1 and solar activity is determined and this regression model is used to calculate the UT1 response to the 22-year cycles of the solar activity. The second, indirect approach uses 22-year oscillation of the mean sea level, caused by water evaporation due to variations of the total solar irradiance. The influence of the mean sea level variations on the Earth rotation is calculated by means of an empirical model of global water redistribution. The core-mantle effects on the 22-year UT1 variations are determined by excluding the UT1 response to the solar activity and core angular momentum due to the geomagnetic field variations, according to the solutions from the Special Bureau of the Core (SBC).

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