scholarly journals Molecular and Morphological Characteristics of Aradi Goats with Prediction Equation of Growth Pattern

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
M. F. Elzarei ◽  
E. F. Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

To specify morphological characteristics and choose preferable growth equation for kids up to 24 weeks of age, in Aradi goats, 338 kids of fathered by 25 sires and mothered by 153 does were used. Also, 74 individuals used in assisted with 29 microsatellites markers to identify molecular characterization. Results illustrated the linear equation was preferable according to easy compute, have two linear additive parameters and equation accuracy. The accuracy of that equation was very high ranged from 0.996 and 0.993 for predicted weights in male and female, respectively. Five loci showed only three alleles for each, while the rest of markers ranged from 13 alleles in loci CSRD247 and RM088 to four alleles in locus ILSTS011. The average of observed heterozygosity was 0.63 ranged 0.89 in BM2113 locus to 0.17 in ILSTS002 locus. The expected heterozygosity reached the maximum value in locus RM088 and the minimum one in locus OARE129, the average value was 0.65. The polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.85 (RM088) to 0.22 (OARE129). Thus, the investigation on a set of 29 microsatellites revealed high degree of genetic variability in Aradi goat indicating an important indigenous genetic resource.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization using SSR markers in 50 shrub pea genotypes (Pisum sativum L.) from the GRICAND Collection, Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
Juan Diego Duque-Zapata ◽  
Jaime Eduardo Muñoz ◽  
Oscar Checa-Coral
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Simple Sequence

The pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the more important legume crops produced globally. We studied the structure and genetic diversity in a collection of 50 pea accessions with 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, whose average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.62. The SSR markers amplified a total of 28 alleles with an average of 4 alleles per locus, with locus AB71 and D21 amplifying the largest number of alleles (6). The observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.09±0.08 and the expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.42, indicating an elevated level of inbreeding (Fis = 0.60). The genetic relationships were inferred with a similarity index (DICE) and a bayesian analysis (STRUCTURE), detecting 2 clusters for the genotypes, with a high similarity of the morphological characteristics of each genotype. The results of this study will be useful for the creation of future breeding programs.The pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the more important legume crops produced globally. We studied the structure and genetic diversity in a collection of 50 pea accessions with 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, whose average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.62. The SSR markers amplified a total of 28 alleles with an average of 4 alleles per locus, with locus AB71 and D21 amplifying the largest number of alleles (6). The observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.09±0.08 and the expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.42, indicating an elevated level of inbreeding (Fis = 0.60). The genetic relationships were inferred with a similarity index (DICE) and a bayesian analysis (STRUCTURE), detecting 2 clusters for the genotypes, with a high similarity of the morphological characteristics of each genotype. The results of this study will be useful for the creation of future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Molecular Diversity Analysis of Jattal and Dera Din Panah Goat Breeds of Pakistan using Microsatellite Markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. HUSSAIN ◽  
M. SHAHEEN ◽  
M. E. BABAR ◽  
M. M. MUSTHAFA ◽  
A. NADEEM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Animal Genetic Resource ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Distinct Features

This paper evaluates the genetic diversity of goat breeds in Pakistan, a country blessed with a wide range of goats spread throughout with distinct features contributing to a rich Animal Genetic Resource. The genetic diversity of two goat breeds (Jattal and Dera Din Panah) was assessed with 25 animals representing the two breeds using 16 microsatellite markers. The mean observed and expected heterozygosity of both goat breed populations were observed as 0.83+0.21. The average number of observed alleles was 3.6+1.6 for all loci. The mean polymorphic information content for a goat breed was 0.45, indicating the usefulness of markers panel. Highest Nei’s standard genetic distance (Ds) value of 0.0612 was observed between Jattal and Dera Din Panah goats, and the mean Fst value was 0.013. The measures of genetic variation revealed a good scope for effective improvement, conservation, and designing national breeding policies, in future, for Pakistan goat breeds.

Electron Microscopy in Molecular Biology

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Cecil E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Shadow Casting ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The visualization of organic macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, viruses and virus components has reached its high degree of effectiveness owing to refinements and reliability of instruments and to the invention of methods for enhancing the structure of these materials within the electron image. The latter techniques have been most important because what can be seen depends upon the molecular and atomic character of the object as modified which is rarely evident in the pristine material. Structure may thus be displayed by the arts of positive and negative staining, shadow casting, replication and other techniques. Enhancement of contrast, which delineates bounds of isolated macromolecules has been effected progressively over the years as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 by these methods. We now look to the future wondering what other visions are waiting to be seen. The instrument designers will need to exact from the arts of fabrication the performance that theory has prescribed as well as methods for phase and interference contrast with explorations of the potentialities of very high and very low voltages. Chemistry must play an increasingly important part in future progress by providing specific stain molecules of high visibility, substrates of vanishing “noise” level and means for preservation of molecular structures that usually exist in a solvated condition.

A Low-Noise, High-Gain Quasi-Millimeter-Wave Receiver MMIC with a Very High Degree of Integration Using 3D-MMIC Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol E94-C (10) ◽  
pp. 1548-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takana KAHO ◽  
Yo YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Kazuhiro UEHARA ◽  
Kiyomichi ARAKI
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High ◽  
Millimeter Wave Receiver

scholarly journals Multi-Locus Selection and the Structure of Variation at the white Gene of Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Kirby ◽  
Wolfgang Stephan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
White Gene ◽  
Transcriptional Unit ◽  
North American Population ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Locus Selection ◽  
Neutral Equilibrium ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

Abstract We surveyed sequence variation and divergence for the entire 5972-bp transcriptional unit of the white gene in 15 lines of Drosophila melanogaster and one line of D. simulans. We found a very high degree of haplotypic structuring for the polymorphisms in the 3′ half of the gene, as opposed to the polymorphisms in the 5′ half. To determine the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for this pattern, we sequenced a 1612-bp segment of the white gene from an additional 33 lines of D. melanogaster from a European and a North American population. This 1612-bp segment encompasses an 834bp region of the white gene in which the polymorphisms form high frequency haplotypes that cannot be explained by a neutral equilibrium model of molecular evolution. The small number of recombinants in the 834bp region suggests epistatic selection as the cause of the haplotypic structuring, while an investigation of nucleotide diversity supports a directional selection hypothesis. A multi-locus selection model that combines features from both-hypotheses and takes the recent history of D. melanogaster into account may be the best explanation for these data.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Ethiopia using microsatellite markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Workia Ahmed ◽  
Tileye Feyissa ◽  
Kassahun Tesfaye ◽  
Sumaira Farrakh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Date Palms ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity

Abstract Background Date palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a perennial monocotyledonous plant belonging to the Arecaceae family, a special plant with extraordinary nature that gives eminent contributions in agricultural sustainability and huge socio-economic value in many countries of the world including Ethiopia. Evaluation of genetic diversity across date palms at DNA level is very important for breeding and conservation. The result of this study could help to design for genetic improvement and develop germplasm introduction programmes of date palms mainly in Ethiopia. Results In this study, 124 date palm genotypes were collected, and 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers were used. Among 10 microsatellites, MPdCIR085 and MPdCIR093 loci showed the highest value of observed and expected heterozygosity, maximum number of alleles, and highest polymorphic information content values. A total of 112 number of alleles were found, and the mean number of major allele frequency was 0.26, with numbers ranging from 0.155 (MPdCIR085) to 0.374 (MPdCIR016); effective number of alleles with a mean value of 6.61, private alleles ranged from 0.0 to 0.65; observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.355 to 0.726; expected heterozygosity varied from 0.669 to 0.906, polymorphic information content with a mean value of 0.809; fixation index individuals relative to subpopulations ranged from 0.028 for locus MPdCIR032 to 0.548 for locus MPdCIR025, while subpopulations relative to total population value ranged from − 0.007 (MPdCIR070) to 0.891 (MPdCIR015). All nine accesstions, neighbour-joining clustering analysis, based on dissimilarity coefficient values were grouped into five major categories; in population STRUCTURE analysis at highest K value, three groups were formed, whereas DAPC separated date palm genotypes into eight clusters using the first two linear discriminants. Principal coordinate analysis was explained, with a 17.33% total of variation in all populations. Generally, the result of this study revealed the presence of allele variations and high heterozygosity (> 0.7) in date palm genotypes. Conclusions Microsatellites (SSR) are one of the most preferable molecular markers for the study of genetic diversity and population structure of plants. In this study, we found the presence of genetic variations of date palm genotypes in Ethiopia; therefore, these genetic variations of date palms is important for crop improvement and conservation programmes; also, it will be used as sources of information to national and international genbanks.

The Research on Computation of Researchers Certainty Factor of Bridge's Durability Evaluation Based on the Indeterminate AHP

2014 ◽  
Vol 578-579 ◽  
pp. 1469-1472
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhen Chen ◽  
Xue Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Weight Coefficient ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Certainty Factor ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Judgment Matrix ◽  
Very High

Because of fuzziness, uncertainty of structure and researchers practical experience, it is more practical to express the relative importance of indexes with interval number. Firstly, according to researchers indeterminate judgment matrix, the upper and lower bound matrixes are formed; secondly, the similarity and the differences of the upper and lower bound matrixes of the relative importance matrix from different experts is studied by using the similarity theory of vector; lastly, certainty factor of researchers according to the upper and lower bound matrixes can be calculated, and the average value is regarded as the researchers certainty factor. The certainty factors of researchers upper and lower bound matrixes are consider together, the researchers experience is fully considered and the error from indeterminate judgment matrix to indeterminate judgment matrix is avoided. The result affords basis to calculate the weight coefficient, the research result comparing with the other method showed that the computation accuracy in this paper was very high.

Continuous DNA replication in the nucleus of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum micans (Ehrenberg)

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
S.A. Filfilan ◽  
D.C. Sigee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Prorocentrum Micans ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Electron Microscope Autoradiography ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The uptake of tritiated thymine into cells of a heterogeneous population of Prorocentrum micans was investigated using light-microscope and electron-microscope autoradiography. Specificity of thymine uptake into DNA was demonstrated by the specific removal of label from wax-embedded material using DNase and by the high degree of localization of nuclear label to chromosomes in the electron-microscope autoradiographs. All nuclei, including both dividing and non-dividing cells, showed a substantial uptake of label, indicating that nuclear DNA synthesis in Prorocentrum micans is a continuous process. The level of DNA synthesis does show considerable variation, however, with very high levels in some interphase nuclei. The continuous replication of nuclear DNA provides further evidence of dinoflagellate affinity to the prokaryotes, and indicates that Prorocentrum micans is a very primitive eukaryote cell.

Decision Support System Based on Fuzzy Logic for Assessment of Expected Corporate Income Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150009
Author(s):  
Arthur Yosef ◽  
Eli Shnaider ◽  
Rimona Palas ◽  
Amos Baranes
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Section Model ◽  
Evaluation Mechanism ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Decision Support Method ◽  
Very High

This study presents a decision-support method to estimate the next year performance of corporate Operating Income Margin (OIM). It is based on a unique combination of cross-section model and the rules-based evaluation mechanism. The estimate is done in terms of broad categories, and not precise numerical values. The model is constructed as follows: its dependent variable (OIM) is one year ahead vs. the corresponding explanatory variables. This structure of the model allows us to view explanatory variables as reflecting financial potential of corporations. The evaluation component consists of a set of rules designed to identify the companies whose “potential” clearly points to an opportunity to invest. For the method presented here to succeed, it is necessary to utilize a highly reliable modeling method, even if it is “Fuzzy”. We apply Soft Regression (SR), which is a Soft Computing modeling tool based on Fuzzy Logic, and utilize all available proxy variables by creating intervals of values. Advantages of utilizing SR, and the intervals’-based modeling are extensively discussed. Modeling results for five consecutive years are consistent and stable, thus indicating high degree of reliability. Testing indicates very high success rate for the stock market related domain, the lowest being 87.9%.

scholarly journals Evapotranspiration and estimation of aerodynamic and stomatal conductance in a fragment of Atlantic Forest in mantiqueira range region, MG

CERNE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donizete dos Reis Pereira ◽  
Carlos Rogério de Mello ◽  
Antônio Marciano da Silva ◽  
Sílvia de Nazaré Monteiro Yanagi
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
And Storage

Understanding hydrologic behavior in forested areas, not least the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, is of fundamental importance for environmental modeling. This work aimed to estimate evapotranspiration values in Atlantic Forest remnants of Mantiqueira Range region using water balance calculations, and to estimate parameters (stomatal and aerodynamic conductances) for this vegetation cover using the Penman-Monteith model. In terms of water balance, evapotranspiration accounted for 89% of total precipitation, deep percolation accounted for 13.6% and storage variation was slightly negative over the analysis period. Canopy aerodynamic conductance (g a) presented a minimum value of 0.0921 m s-1, a maximum value of 0.1000 m s-1 and an average value of 0.0993 m s-1. Stomatal conductance (g s) varied from 0.001 to 0.0046 m s-1, with an average value of 0.0022 m s-1, being influenced by environmental conditions, especially by soil water availability. It was observed that the application of the Penman-Monteith model with average parameter fit (g a and g s) provided good accuracy, especially over the dry season, therefore it can be applied to studies of forest hydrology in fragments of Atlantic Forest in the Mantiqueira Range region, Minas Gerais state.

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