scholarly journals Extension of Rotifer (Brachionus Plicatilis) Inclusions in the Larval Diets of Mud Crab, Scylla Paramamosain (Estampodor, 1949): Effects on Survival, Growth, Metamorphosis and Development Time

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ong Moc Quy ◽  
Ravi Fotedar ◽  
Ho Thi Truong Thy
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Brachionus Plicatilis ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Crab Larvae ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Feeding Regimes

The study evaluated the effects of extended dietary inclusions of rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) on the survival, metamorphosis rate, growth and development time in the larvae of mud crabs (Scylla paramamosain). The five most commonly published feeding regimes of mud crab (S. paramamosain) larvae were selected and tested by including rotifers onto them. Mud crab larvae in the first feeding regime were fed exclusively with Artemia nauplii (control or regime A), while those in feeding regimes 2, 3, 4 and 5 were fed rotifers starting from zoea 1 (Z1) to various development stages of mud crab larvae whereas feeding with Artemia nauplii was commenced from the Z2 stage until the end of the trial (megalopa stage). The results of the larval feeding trial for 24 days of culture showed the progressive decrease in survival of the larvae in all feeding regimes. Extended inclusion of rotifer feeding until Z5 stage resulted in significantly higher survival than in the control from 18 day after hatching onwards. Larval survival was negatively correlated (R2 from 0.78 to 0.90) with the rearing time; however, different feeding regimes had no significant effect on this correlation. Extending inclusion of rotifer feeding until the Z3, Z4 and Z5 stages resulted in higher percentages of megalopa metamorphosis than in regime control, but did not significantly impact development time, carapace width, body length and wet weight of megalopa. 

scholarly journals SUBSTITUSI PENGGUNAAN NAUPLIUS ARTEMIA DENGAN PAKAN MIKRO DALAM PEMELIHARAAN LARVA KEPITING BAKAU, Scylla olivacea

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Usman ◽  
Kamaruddin Kamaruddin ◽  
Asda Laining
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Crab Larva ◽  
Crab Larvae ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities

Adanya molting death sindrom yang umumnya terjadi pada stadia zoea-5 ke megalopa dan ke krablet-1 pada kepiting bakau, Scylla olivacea, diduga berkaitan dengan ketidakcukupan nutrien yang dikonsumsi larva, sehingga perlu dicobakan penggunaan pakan buatan (mikro) pada stadia tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis optimum penggunaan pakan mikro (micro diet, MD) untuk mensubstitusi penggunaan nauplius Artemia (Art) dalam pemeliharaan larva kepiting bakau. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah larva kepiting bakau stadia zoea-4—5. Hewan uji tersebut dipelihara dalam wadah bak fibre berisi air laut 150 L dengan kepadatan 12 ind./L. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah pemberian pakan uji berupa: nauplius Artemia sebanyak 100% (100% Art), nauplius Artemia 75% + pakan mikro 25% (75% Art + 25% MD), nauplius Artemia 50% + pakan mikro 50% (50% Art + 50% MD), nauplius Artemia 25% + pakan mikro 75% (25% Art + 75% MD), dan pakan mikro 100% (100% MD). Pemberian pakan uji dilakukan pada pagi dan sore hari selama 15 hari pemeliharaan (hingga larva mencapai stadia krablet-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada penggunaan nauplius Artemia 50% + pakan mikro 50% didapatkan sintasan krabet-1 tertinggi (5,6%) dan berbeda nyata (<0,05) dengan sintasan krablet pada penggunaan 100% nauplius Artemia (sintasan 2,4%) dan 100% pakan mikro (sintasan 2,1%). Bobot badan, lebar karapaks krablet, dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan relatif sama di antara perlakuan. Penggunaan pakan mikro dapat menggantikan 50% penggunaan Artemia dalam pemeliharaan larva (zoea-5 hingga krablet-1) kepiting bakau.Cases of molting death syndrome generally occur on the transitional stage of zoea-5 to megalopa stage and to crablet-1 of mud crab, Scylla olivacea. It is suspected that the event could be related to nutrient insufficiency consumed by the larvae which can be supplemented using artificial diet (micro diet). This study aims to obtain an optimum dosage use of the micro diet (MD) to substitute the use of Artemia nauplii (Art) in the crab-larva rearing. Test animals used were mud crab larvae of zoea-4—5 stadia. The test animals were reared in the fiberglass containers, filled with seawater as much as 150 L, and stocked with a density of 12 ind./L. The treatments tested were feeding tests in the form of: Artemia nauplii as much as 100% (100% Art), Artemia nauplii 75% + micro diet 25% (75% Art + 25% MD), Artemia nauplii 50% + micro diet 50% (50% Art + 50% MD), Artemia nauplii 25% + 75% micro diet (25% Art + 75% MD), and micro diet 100% (100% MD). The larvae were fed daily in the morning and afternoon for 15 days until the larvae reach crablet stage. The results showed that the use of Artemia nauplii 50% + 50% micro diets obtained the highest survival rate (5.6%) of crablet-1 and significantly different (<0.05) with the survival rates of crablet fed with 100% of Artemia nauplii (survival rate of 2.4%) and crablet fed with 100% micro diet (survival rate of 2.1%). Body weight, carapace width of crablet, and digestive enzyme activities were relatively similar between the treatments. The use of micro diet could replace 50% of the utilization of Artemia nauplii in larvae (zoea-5 to crablet-1) rearing of mud crab.

Influence of Different Larval Feeding Regimes and Diet Presentation Methods on Chrysoperla Rufilabris (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) Development

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Greenberg ◽  
Donald A. Nordlund ◽  
E. G. King
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Sitotroga Cerealella ◽  
Chrysoperla Rufilabris ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Presentation Methods

Results of a comparative analysis of the effects of seven different larval feeding regimes on the development of individually reared Chrysoperla rufilabris (Burmeister) larvae are presented. Also, four methods for presenting liquid artificial diet (capillary tubes, sponge, agarose based jelly, and artificial eggs) are discussed. Development time, pupal weight, fecundity, and reproductive rate were higher for C. rufilabris larvae reared on the eggs of either Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) or Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) than for those reared on artificial diet. Diet presentation methods that show promise include agarose-based jelly and artificial eggs.

scholarly journals Gonad development and size at maturity of the male mud crab Scylla paramamosain (Forsskål, 1755) in a tropical mangrove swamp

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Sherazul Islam ◽  
Hisashi Kurokura
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Mud Crab

The reproductive traits and size at sexual maturity of the male mud crab Scylla paramamosain were investigated in Pak Phanang mangrove swamps, Thailand. Samples were taken seven times from the local middlemen mud crab traders during June 2006 to January 2008. Gonad development was determined based on histological appearance that was classified into three stages: 1) Immature (Spermatogonia), 2) Maturing (Spermatocytes) and 3) Mature (Spermatids and Spermatozoa). Among the sample population, the highest 72% was under gonad development stage I, whereas mature stage III was only 12%. The size at first maturity was estimated by the external allometric growth and histological observation of gonad. The size at which 50% of individuals attain sexual maturity was estimated by the two mathematical models such as probit analysis and logistic curve. The mean size at first sexual maturity and 50% maturation of male S. paramamosain were 96 mm and 109 mm internal carapace width (ICW) which revealed that 88% individuals were immature. The present result suggested that the minimum legal size of male S. paramamosain capture should be >110 mm ICW.

scholarly journals Evidence of Sex Differentiation Based on Morphological Traits During the Early Development Stage of Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiao Cui ◽  
Shaobin Fang ◽  
Ligang Lv ◽  
Zhi Huang ◽  
Fei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Secondary Sexual Traits

In order to uncover the sexual difference in morphology and how early they appear during the development stage of mud crab Scylla paramamosain, we measured, observed, and biostatistically analyzed morphological traits related to sex. For unveiling the morphological differences between sexes, morphological traits involving abdomen width (AW), carapace length (CL), and carapace width (CW) were first measured during the crablet development stage of S. paramamosain in the present study. The correlation analyses and path analyses exhibited that sexual dimorphism in the third abdomen width (AW3) and fourth abdomen width (AW4) could be used for sex identification from stage C VI (stage VI of crablet). Based on the stepwise discriminant analysis and standardized traits, a sex discriminant equation was constructed, which is capable for sex identification in crablets from stage C VI. Observations for secondary sexual traits and abdomen morphology (shape and pleopods) using a dissecting microscope or scanning electron microscope indicated that sexes are easily identified at stage C VIII according to the abdomen shape; meanwhile, at stage C II based on pleopod difference, and at stage C I by the presence or absence of gonopores. The findings in this study contribute greatly to the accuracy of sex identification of S. paramamosain during the early development stage, which promotes the understanding of the morphological differentiation mechanism of sex.

scholarly journals Effects of different temperatures on the growth and survival of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Thanh Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Tinh Em Nguyen ◽  
Thi Kim Ha Nguyen ◽  
Quoc Viet Le ◽  
Thi Thanh Huong Do
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Width ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Two Stages

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of temperature on the growth and survival of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) larvae in two stages including zoea-1 to megalopa (the first experiment) and megalopa to crablet-1 (the second experiment). Each experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four temperature levels (27, 30, 33, and 36℃) in triplicate. Stocking density of 200 ind./L for the first experiment and 4 ind./L for the second experiment. Fiberglass tanks of 500-L (containing 300-L and 250-L of 25‰ water for the first and second experiment, respectively) were used in the experiments. The results showed that S. paramamosain larvae at zoea-3 and zoea-4 died at 33℃ or above, while the highest survival rate of this stage was found at 27℃ (11.5%). The growth and larval stage index during the zoea to megalopa stage were significantly higher in 30℃ (p<0.05) compared to those in the 27℃ treatment. In the second experiment, the survival rates of crablet-1 were highest (72.9%) at 27℃ and lowest (34,7%) at 36℃. The growth rate of crablets at this stage increased with increased temperature. The highest carapace width and weight (3.41 mm and 0.030 g, respectively) were recorded at 36℃. The findings of this study suggested that mud crab larvae should be reared at the temperature range of 27-30℃ to maximize their production.

scholarly journals LEVEL OF CRABLET PRODUCTION IN MANGROVE CRAB Scylla paramamosain WITH FEEDING ENRICHMENT USING HUFA AND VITAMIN C ON LARVAE STAGES

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Gunarto ◽  
. Herlinah
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Crab Larvae ◽  
Mangrove Crab

<p><em>The objective of the research was to determine the best enrichment of rotifer and the naupli of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Artemia</span> as feed  for mud crab, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">S</span>. <span style="text-decoration: underline;">paramamosain</span> larvae,  also to know their increasing of the DHA/EPA ratio and vitamin C content. Four treatments were tested, namely : A) Mud crab larvae every two days were given  rotifer and naupli of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Artemia</span> enriched with HUFA and vitamin C also added RICA-1 probiotic at 2 mg/L,  B) Mud crab larvae every two days were given rotifer and naupli of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Artemia</span> enriched with HUFA  and vitamin C,  C).  Mud crab larvae every two days were given rotifer and naupli of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Artemia</span> enriched with vitamin C, and D).  Mud crab larvae every three days were given rotifer and naupli of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Artemia</span> enriched with vitamin C. Result showed that the crablet production from the highest to the lowest was as follows: treatment A (177.5<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>17.6 ind./tank), treatment B (160<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>14.1 ind./tank) (A and B showed no significant different results (P&gt;0.05)), treatment C (136<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>5.6 ind./tank), and treatment D (106<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>8,5 ind./tank) (C and D results indicated a significantly different (P&lt;0.05) with treatment A).   Higher level of DHA/EPA ratio of 69.23% was found on rotifer enriched with HUFA, while on naupliof<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Artemia</span> only 28,72%. Higher level content of vitamin C was 50.56% in rotifer enriched with vitamin C, while in naupli of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Artemia </span>was only increase to 35.56%.</em></p><p><em><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>:</em>  <em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Scylla</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">paramamosain</span></em><em> larvae, enrichment,  HUFA, vitamin C, crablet</em></em></p>

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF AN ARTIFICIAL COMMERCIAL FEED SUPPLEMENTATION ON LARVAL REARING AND CRABLET PRODUCTION OF MUD CRAB Scylla tranquebarica

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunarto Gunarto ◽  
Muhammad Nur Syafaat ◽  
Herlinah Herlinah ◽  
Sulaeman Sulaeman ◽  
Muliani Muliani
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Crab Larvae ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae

The effects of an artificial commercial feed supplementation on larval rearing and crablet production of mud crab Scylla tranquebarica. In mass production of mud crab seeds, only rotifer and Artemia nauplii are usually fed to mud crab larvae rearing until the larvae develop to crablet stage. The supplementation of artificial commercial feed from zoea-3 stage is expected to supply an essential nutrient required for an optimum larval development. The research was aimed to determine the optimum dosage of commercial feed supplementation for a successful larval rearing to produce crablet in hatchery. Newly hatched larvae of mud crab were stocked at a density of 100 ind./L. The larvae were fed with rotifer and Artemia nauplii. Microbound artificial commercial feed sized <100 microns (protein 52%, fat 14,5%, fiber 3% and water content 10%) was supplemented to the larvae from zoea-3 to megalopa stage at different dosages namely: a). 0.5 mg/L/2 days; b). 0.75 mg/L/2 days; c). 1.0 mg/L/2 days; d). 1.25 mg/L/2 days. Larval population, larval development indices (LDI), megalopa occurrence index (MOI) and crablet production were observed and measured. Water quality (ammonium, nitrite, Total Organic Matter (TOM), and total Vibrio sp. count were also monitored. The LDI, MOI, and crablet production from each treatment were compared and tested using one way-ANOVA. The results showed that the survival rate of larvae at zoea-5 ranged between 29-33%. The LDI was not significantly different (P>0.05) among treatments. However, the MOI of treatment A and B at day 21 ph was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared with treatment C and D. In addition, the crablet production in treatment B, C and D were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared with treatment A. It was concluded that the supplementation of artificial commercial feed in larval rearing of S. tranquebarica could be applied at the dosage range of 0.75-1.25 mg/L/2-days from zoea-3 until crablet (C-7) stage.

scholarly journals LEVEL OF CRABLET PRODUCTION IN MANGROVE CRAB Scylla paramamosain WITH FEEDING ENRICHMENT USING HUFA AND VITAMIN C ON LARVAE STAGES

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Gunarto ◽  
. Herlinah
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Crab Larvae ◽  
Mangrove Crab

The objective of the research was to determine the best enrichment of rotifer and the naupli of Artemia as feed  for mud crab, S. paramamosain larvae,  also to know their increasing of the DHA/EPA ratio and vitamin C content. Four treatments were tested, namely : A) Mud crab larvae every two days were given  rotifer and naupli of Artemia enriched with HUFA and vitamin C also added RICA-1 probiotic at 2 mg/L,  B) Mud crab larvae every two days were given rotifer and naupli of Artemia enriched with HUFA  and vitamin C,  C).  Mud crab larvae every two days were given rotifer and naupli of Artemia enriched with vitamin C, and D).  Mud crab larvae every three days were given rotifer and naupli of Artemia enriched with vitamin C. Result showed that the crablet production from the highest to the lowest was as follows: treatment A (177.5+17.6 ind./tank), treatment B (160+14.1 ind./tank) (A and B showed no significant different results (P>0.05)), treatment C (136+5.6 ind./tank), and treatment D (106+8,5 ind./tank) (C and D results indicated a significantly different (P<0.05) with treatment A).   Higher level of DHA/EPA ratio of 69.23% was found on rotifer enriched with HUFA, while on naupliofArtemia only 28,72%. Higher level content of vitamin C was 50.56% in rotifer enriched with vitamin C, while in naupli of Artemia was only increase to 35.56%.Keywords:  Scylla paramamosain larvae, enrichment,  HUFA, vitamin C, crablet

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