scholarly journals SUBSTITUSI PENGGUNAAN NAUPLIUS ARTEMIA DENGAN PAKAN MIKRO DALAM PEMELIHARAAN LARVA KEPITING BAKAU, Scylla olivacea

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Usman ◽  
Kamaruddin Kamaruddin ◽  
Asda Laining
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Crab Larva ◽  
Crab Larvae ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities

Adanya molting death sindrom yang umumnya terjadi pada stadia zoea-5 ke megalopa dan ke krablet-1 pada kepiting bakau, Scylla olivacea, diduga berkaitan dengan ketidakcukupan nutrien yang dikonsumsi larva, sehingga perlu dicobakan penggunaan pakan buatan (mikro) pada stadia tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis optimum penggunaan pakan mikro (micro diet, MD) untuk mensubstitusi penggunaan nauplius Artemia (Art) dalam pemeliharaan larva kepiting bakau. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah larva kepiting bakau stadia zoea-4—5. Hewan uji tersebut dipelihara dalam wadah bak fibre berisi air laut 150 L dengan kepadatan 12 ind./L. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah pemberian pakan uji berupa: nauplius Artemia sebanyak 100% (100% Art), nauplius Artemia 75% + pakan mikro 25% (75% Art + 25% MD), nauplius Artemia 50% + pakan mikro 50% (50% Art + 50% MD), nauplius Artemia 25% + pakan mikro 75% (25% Art + 75% MD), dan pakan mikro 100% (100% MD). Pemberian pakan uji dilakukan pada pagi dan sore hari selama 15 hari pemeliharaan (hingga larva mencapai stadia krablet-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada penggunaan nauplius Artemia 50% + pakan mikro 50% didapatkan sintasan krabet-1 tertinggi (5,6%) dan berbeda nyata (<0,05) dengan sintasan krablet pada penggunaan 100% nauplius Artemia (sintasan 2,4%) dan 100% pakan mikro (sintasan 2,1%). Bobot badan, lebar karapaks krablet, dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan relatif sama di antara perlakuan. Penggunaan pakan mikro dapat menggantikan 50% penggunaan Artemia dalam pemeliharaan larva (zoea-5 hingga krablet-1) kepiting bakau.Cases of molting death syndrome generally occur on the transitional stage of zoea-5 to megalopa stage and to crablet-1 of mud crab, Scylla olivacea. It is suspected that the event could be related to nutrient insufficiency consumed by the larvae which can be supplemented using artificial diet (micro diet). This study aims to obtain an optimum dosage use of the micro diet (MD) to substitute the use of Artemia nauplii (Art) in the crab-larva rearing. Test animals used were mud crab larvae of zoea-4—5 stadia. The test animals were reared in the fiberglass containers, filled with seawater as much as 150 L, and stocked with a density of 12 ind./L. The treatments tested were feeding tests in the form of: Artemia nauplii as much as 100% (100% Art), Artemia nauplii 75% + micro diet 25% (75% Art + 25% MD), Artemia nauplii 50% + micro diet 50% (50% Art + 50% MD), Artemia nauplii 25% + 75% micro diet (25% Art + 75% MD), and micro diet 100% (100% MD). The larvae were fed daily in the morning and afternoon for 15 days until the larvae reach crablet stage. The results showed that the use of Artemia nauplii 50% + 50% micro diets obtained the highest survival rate (5.6%) of crablet-1 and significantly different (<0.05) with the survival rates of crablet fed with 100% of Artemia nauplii (survival rate of 2.4%) and crablet fed with 100% micro diet (survival rate of 2.1%). Body weight, carapace width of crablet, and digestive enzyme activities were relatively similar between the treatments. The use of micro diet could replace 50% of the utilization of Artemia nauplii in larvae (zoea-5 to crablet-1) rearing of mud crab.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF WEANING TIME ON THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF MUD CRAB (Scylla olivacea)THE EFFECTS OF WEANING TIME ON THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF MUD CRAB (Scylla olivacea)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Haryati Haryati ◽  
Yushinta Fujaya ◽  
Early Septiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
The Third ◽  
Crab Larvae ◽  
Research Experiment

Live foods such as rotifers and Artemia are commonly used as foods in larval rearing of mud crab (S. olivacea). However, the continuous availability and nutritional consistency of live foods are difficult to control. Thus, the development of artificial diets to partially or fully replaced live foods is needed to overcome the limitations of live foods. The purpose of this research was to determine the best stage at which mud crab larvae can be weaned from live foods to artificial diets. The research experiment consisted of: treatment-1, the larvae were fed with live foods from zoea-1 to megalopa stages as the control treatment; treatment-2, the larvae were fed with artificial diet from zoea-2 to megalopa stages; and treatment-3, the larvae were fed with artificial diet from zoea-3 to megalopa stages. In treatment-4, artificial diet was given from zoea-4 to megalopa stages. The growth and survival rate of larvae in treatment-1, 3, and 4 were not significantly different (P>0.05) but significantly different with treatment-2. Based on the present results, this study suggests that artificial diet can be given to mud crab larvae (S. olivacea) from the third zoea stage.

scholarly journals Extension of Rotifer (Brachionus Plicatilis) Inclusions in the Larval Diets of Mud Crab, Scylla Paramamosain (Estampodor, 1949): Effects on Survival, Growth, Metamorphosis and Development Time

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ong Moc Quy ◽  
Ravi Fotedar ◽  
Ho Thi Truong Thy
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Brachionus Plicatilis ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Crab Larvae ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Feeding Regimes

The study evaluated the effects of extended dietary inclusions of rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) on the survival, metamorphosis rate, growth and development time in the larvae of mud crabs (Scylla paramamosain). The five most commonly published feeding regimes of mud crab (S. paramamosain) larvae were selected and tested by including rotifers onto them. Mud crab larvae in the first feeding regime were fed exclusively with Artemia nauplii (control or regime A), while those in feeding regimes 2, 3, 4 and 5 were fed rotifers starting from zoea 1 (Z1) to various development stages of mud crab larvae whereas feeding with Artemia nauplii was commenced from the Z2 stage until the end of the trial (megalopa stage). The results of the larval feeding trial for 24 days of culture showed the progressive decrease in survival of the larvae in all feeding regimes. Extended inclusion of rotifer feeding until Z5 stage resulted in significantly higher survival than in the control from 18 day after hatching onwards. Larval survival was negatively correlated (R2 from 0.78 to 0.90) with the rearing time; however, different feeding regimes had no significant effect on this correlation. Extending inclusion of rotifer feeding until the Z3, Z4 and Z5 stages resulted in higher percentages of megalopa metamorphosis than in regime control, but did not significantly impact development time, carapace width, body length and wet weight of megalopa. 

scholarly journals Optimisation of nursery rearing for megalopa of giant mud crab Scylla serrata (Forskal, 1775)

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Antony ◽  
C.P. Balasubramanian ◽  
J. Balamurugan ◽  
K.P. Sandeep ◽  
I.F. Biju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Gracilaria Tenuistipitata ◽  
Crab Larvae

Three nursery rearing trials were conducted to overcome the inconsistent survival of megalopa of the giant mud crab Scylla serrata (Forskal, 1775) during metamorphosis to crab instar. In the first trial, 3-4 days old megalopa (4.73 mg mean body weight) were stocked in hapas erected in outdoor brackishwater ponds and indoor fiberglass (FRP) tanks at densities of 500 nos. m-2 and 1 no. l-1 respectively and reared for 15 days using minced clam meat (Meretrix casta) as feed. Outdoor hapas were provided with seaweed, Gracilaria tenuistipitata as shelter. Mean survival rate of crab instar following three consecutive runs were significantly higher (p<0.05) for megalopa reared in outdoor hapas (57.7±2.7%) over indoor FRP tanks (24.1±2.2%). To ascertain the life stage that yields optimal survival on weaning from indoor hatchery to ponds, zoea 5 (Z5) and megalopa 1-day old (M1), 2-day old (M2), 3-day old (M3) and 4-day old (M4) were reared in hapas for15 days and fed on minced clam meat. Three day and 4-day old megalopa demonstrated significantly higher survival rates (p<0.05) of 62.3±3.08% and 69.6±2.35% respectively to crab instar stage at conclusion of the trial. Megalopa (3-4 days old, 5.05 mg mean body weight) were stocked to 100 l tanks (stocking density - 1 no. 4 l-1) and reared for a period of 8 days using different feeds viz., artemia biomass (T1), minced clam meat (T2), crab larvae (T3) and artemia nauplii (T4) in the third trial to evaluate various production parameters. Crab instar conversion rate (number of crab instars/number of megalopa stocked × 100) was significantly higher (p<0.0001) for megalopa fed using artemia biomass (T1) and minced clam meat (T2) at 74.66±5.81% and 72.00±2.30% respectively. Results of the present study indicate that, high density rearing (500 no. m-2) of megalopa (3-4 days old) in outdoor hapas provided with seaweed refuge for short periods (15 days) would yield higher survival rate to crab stage. Nursery rearing of megalopa in ponds reduces the hatchery phase in mud crab larval rearing and maximise production of crab instars.

scholarly journals Utilization of Trash Fish for Cultivation of Crablet Mud Crab (Scylla serrata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Heppi Iromo ◽  
Dori Rachmawani ◽  
Abdul Jabarsyah ◽  
Zainuddin Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Width ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichiurus Lepturus ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
In The Wild

The high demand for mud crabs in North Kalimantan causes catch to increase in the wild. If it is not balanced with efforts to increase its aquaculture of mud crab, in the future there will be a decline in population. This study aims to determine the growth and survival rate of mud crab seed (crablet, Scylla serrata) in the application method of different types of trash fish. This research used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The Crablet used carapace width average 0.07-0.09 cm and weigh average 0.05-0.07 g with total 150 crablets. The treatments applied by trash fish were (A) Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis mossambicus), (B) Longfin Herrings Fish (Ilisha elongata), (C) Sword Fish (Trichiurus lepturus) and (D) Snails (Telescopium telescopium). The results were The best weight growth of crablet occurs in the treatment of T. lepturus (P>0.05) and  the highest of survival rates of crablet were found in treatment T. telescopium (P<0.05)  than the other. The trash fish were used turned out to be able survival of crablet mud crab (Scylla serrata).

scholarly journals Effects of temperature on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzyme activities and physiological parameters of striped snakehead (Channa striata) at fry stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (Aquaculture) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Thi Thanh Huong Do ◽  
Thi Kim Ha Nguyen ◽  
Tinh Em Nguyen ◽  
Minh Ky Tang ◽  
Takagi Yasuaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Channa Striata ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

The effects of temperature on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzymatic activities, and physiological responses of striped snakehead (Channa striata) at fry stage were evaluated. The study consisted of two trials including (1) determination of temperature threshold and (2) effects of different temperatures (24°C, 27°C (control), 30°C, 33°C and 36°C) on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzyme activities and physiological parameters of striped snakehead fry stage for 90 days. The growth experiment was conducted in 500-L tank (250-L water) with triplicates. The stocking density was 300 individuals per tank. Striped snakehead at fry stage showed a high tolerance to temperature ranging from 10 to 40ºC. After 90 days, fish reared in 30°C performed the greatest weight and survival rate (13.1±3.12 g/fish and 15.5±4.63%, respectively). The number of red blood cells and hemoglobin concentrations increased with the increase in temperature. It was discovered that different temperatures (from 27 to 36°C) did not significantly influence the number of white blood cells, osmolality, and ion concentration of fish. Glucose and cortisol concentrations increased with temperature rises and peaked in fish reared at 36°C, while temperatures of 30oC and 33oC showed higher digestive enzyme activities. It proves that 30°C is the optimal level for striped snakehead fry rearing.

scholarly journals Crab Larvae Counter Using Image Processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Furqan Zakiyabarsi ◽  
Muhammad Niswar ◽  
Zahir Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Digital Imagery ◽  
Larval Size ◽  
Crab Larva ◽  
Crab Larvae

Very small larval size, high mortality rate of crab larvae, the absence of an accurate crab larva counter at affordable price, the density of larvae that are not known accurately, the ratio of feed that not in accordance with the number of larvae to damage water quality and cannibalism, water quality can not be adjusted to the density of distribution, and economically unprofitable both in terms of feed efficiency and buying and selling transactions. By knowing the number of crab larvae accurately the survival rate of crab larvae increases and is economically beneficial. In this study larvae counters were designed and developed. This tool uses digital imagery to detect and count the crab larvae zoea-1 phase. The accuracy of crab larva counter is 89,8%.

scholarly journals Dieta para Larvas de Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya putoria e Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Cristina Pedroso Ferraz ◽  
Daniel Daltro Bosisio ◽  
Valéria Magalhães Aguiar-Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Chrysomya Megacephala ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
2Nd Generation ◽  
Cochliomyia Macellaria ◽  
Dog Food

Avaliou-se o desenvolvimento pós-embrionário de três espécies de califorídeos em ração pastosa para cães, que possui maior facilidade de armazenamento, menor custo e maior validade que a dieta natural (carne). As etapas experimentais ocorreram em diferentes condições de temperatura (T) e umidade relativa (UR): Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) (3ª geração), em câmara climatizada (T: 30ºC, UR: 60± 10%, 14 horas fotofase); Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius) (2ª geração), em condições ambientais (T: 22,3 - 24,0ºC, UR: 60 - 90%), e Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann) (1ª geração) em condições ambientais (T: 21,5 - 25,0ºC, UR: 60 - 90%). Utilizou-se carne bovina como controle. Foram realizadas quatro repetições/tratamento, com 40 neolarvas/120 gramas de dieta/repetição. A duração dos estágios de C. megacephala e a taxa de sobrevivência (> 85%) foram similares às obtidas no controle. Na dieta artificial, a duração dos estágios de larva e de neolarvas a adultos de C. macellaria apresentou-se significativamente maior na dieta artificial, porém não significativa para o pupal, exibindo pupas menores e reduzida taxa de sobrevivência dos adultos. Em C. putoria, a duração dos estágios não diferiu significativamente, as pupas foram significativamente menores na dieta artificial, e as taxas de sobrevivência dos estágios foram similares entre as dietas. Essa dieta mostrou-se eficiente na criação de C. megacephala e C. putoria. Diet for Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya putoria and Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae Abstract. An evaluation was made of the post-embryonic development of three species of calliphorids in pasty dog food, which has a larger facility of storage, less cost and greater validity that nature diet (meat). The experimental phases took place in different conditions of temperature (T) and humidity (RH): Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) (3rd generation) in a climatized chamber (T: 30oC, RH: 60± 10%, 14 hours photophase), Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius) (2nd generation) in environmental conditions (T: 22.3 - 24.0ºC, RH: 60 - 90%), and Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann) (1st generation) in environmental conditions (T: 21.5 - 25.0 ºC, RH: 60 - 90%). Meat was used as the control. Each treatment was repeated four times, with 40 neolarvae/120 grams of diet/repetition. The duration of the C. megacephala stages and the survival rate (>85%) were similar to those obtained with the control. In the artificial diet, the duration of the stages of larvae and of neolarvae to adult C. macellaria were significantly larger, but were not significant for the pupal stage, which showed smaller pupae and lower survival rates. The duration of the stages in C. putoria did not differ significantly, and the pupae were significantly smaller in the artificial diet, while the survival rates of the development stages were similar in the two diets. The artificial diet proved efficient for breeding C. megacephala and C. putoria.  

scholarly journals Effects of different temperatures on the growth and survival of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Thanh Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Tinh Em Nguyen ◽  
Thi Kim Ha Nguyen ◽  
Quoc Viet Le ◽  
Thi Thanh Huong Do
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Width ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Two Stages

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of temperature on the growth and survival of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) larvae in two stages including zoea-1 to megalopa (the first experiment) and megalopa to crablet-1 (the second experiment). Each experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four temperature levels (27, 30, 33, and 36℃) in triplicate. Stocking density of 200 ind./L for the first experiment and 4 ind./L for the second experiment. Fiberglass tanks of 500-L (containing 300-L and 250-L of 25‰ water for the first and second experiment, respectively) were used in the experiments. The results showed that S. paramamosain larvae at zoea-3 and zoea-4 died at 33℃ or above, while the highest survival rate of this stage was found at 27℃ (11.5%). The growth and larval stage index during the zoea to megalopa stage were significantly higher in 30℃ (p<0.05) compared to those in the 27℃ treatment. In the second experiment, the survival rates of crablet-1 were highest (72.9%) at 27℃ and lowest (34,7%) at 36℃. The growth rate of crablets at this stage increased with increased temperature. The highest carapace width and weight (3.41 mm and 0.030 g, respectively) were recorded at 36℃. The findings of this study suggested that mud crab larvae should be reared at the temperature range of 27-30℃ to maximize their production.

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