CAN EXPLOSIVE LEG STRENGTH OF VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS BE IMPROVED DURING COMPETITIVE SEASON?

ABSTRACT Introduction Monitoring training loads, along with the recovery status, is important for preventing unwanted adaptations. Knowledge of these variables over volleyball seasons is still scarce. Objective To monitor and describe the training load and recovery status of volleyball players over a competitive season. Methods The sample consisted of 14 professional volleyball players. For the entire season, the training load was monitored daily by the SPE method during the session, and the recovery status was monitored by TQR and QBE on the first and last days of training for the week. Results There was a decrease in training load between Preparatory Period I and Competitive Period I (p = 0.03), followed by an increase in Preparatory Period II (p <0.001) and a new decrease in Competitive Periods II (p = 0.01 ) and III (p = 0.003). There was a significant reduction between Pre-TQR and QBE and Post-TQR and QBE in all mesocycles. In the Pre-TQR, there was a reduction between Preparatory Period II and Competitive Period II (p = 0.006), in the Pre-QBE, there was a reduction between Preparatory Period II and Competitive Period III (p = 0.002), and in the Post-TQR, this reduction was observed between Competitive Period I and Preparatory Period II (p = 0.03). In the Post-QBE, there was an increase between Preparatory Period I and Competitive Period I (p = 0.002), followed by a decrease in Preparatory Period II (p = 0.01). Conclusion Loads varied throughout the season, along with recovery, which varied according to the loads and characteristics of each period. Level of evidence I, Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the Results of Treatment.

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Biomechanical Assessment of Strength and Jumping Ability in Male Volleyball Players During the Annual Training Macrocycle

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism ◽

10.1515/pjst-2017-0021 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 221-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adam Czaplicki ◽

Marcin Śliwa ◽

Paulina Szyszka ◽

Jerzy Sadowski

Keyword(s):

Upper Limb ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Knee Extensors ◽

Training Methods ◽

Jump Height ◽

Multiple Factor Analysis ◽

Competitive Season ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Preparation Period ◽

Competition Period

Abstract Introduction. The aim of the study was to determine the changes in the peak torque of the knee extensors and flexors of the dominant lower limb, the shoulder internal and external rotators of the dominant upper limb, and the shoulder extensors and flexors of the dominant upper limb as well as the changes in jump height in volleyball players during the annual training macrocycle. Material and methods. The study involved 13 volleyball players from a Polish second-league team. The measurements were performed five times: before the preparation period (T1), at the beginning of the competitive season (T2), in the middle (T3) and at the end of the first competition period (T4), and after the competitive season (T5). The torque of the knee muscles and shoulder rotators was measured in isokinetic conditions, and the torque of the shoulder extensors and flexors was assessed in isometric conditions. Jumping ability was tested using a piezoelectric platform. Results. We observed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in jump height and relative peak torque between the measurements, except for the torque of the shoulder external rotators and flexors. The results of multiple factor analysis based on 5 sets composed of 5 strength variables revealed differences between subjects and measurement sessions. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate that strength and jumping ability should be assessed regularly during the competitive season. The findings of the study suggest that it is necessary to modify the training methods used during the preparation period and individualize the training in the final phase of the competition period.

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Eleven Weeks of Iron Supplementation Does Not Maintain Iron Status for an Entire Competitive Season in Elite Female Volleyball Players: A Follow-Up Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10101526 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1526 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Juan Mielgo-Ayuso ◽

Michael Zourdos ◽

Julio Calleja-González ◽

Alfredo Córdova ◽

Diego Fernandez-Lázaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Supplementation ◽

Iron Status ◽

Ferrous Sulphate ◽

Transferrin Saturation ◽

Previous Trial ◽

Time Interaction ◽

Competitive Season ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Power Clean

Background: Even though iron supplementation can be effective, it is necessary to be cautious of toxicity and aim to do no harm, therefore, it is important to examine the length of time the benefits of iron supplementation can be maintained following its cessation. The main purpose of this study was to analyze if iron stores and strength performance were maintained in elite female volleyball players for the final 18 weeks of a competitive season following the cessation of 11 weeks of iron supplementation. Methods: Twenty-two volleyballers (age: 27.0 ± 5.6 years.) were assigned to two groups (iron treatment group-ITG, n = 11 or control gropu-CG, n = 11) at the beginning of a previous trial (T0) and ITG consumed 325mg/d of ferrous sulphate for 11 weeks (T11). Then, in the present study iron status and strength were measured again 10 (T21) and 18 weeks later (T29) after the cessation of supplementation. Results: At the end of the previous trial (T11), ITG maintained iron status as measured by hematological parameters (serum iron-sFE, serum ferritin-FER, transferrin saturation index-TSI, and hemogloblin-Hb), however, CG showed a decrease in these markers at T11. Further, from T0 to T11 ITG experienced greater (p < 0.05) changes in clean and jerk, power clean, and total mean strength (TMS-sum of all strength tests) than CG. In the present, follow-up investigation, there was a group-by-time interaction in favor of CG vs. ITG from T11 to T21 for FER (p = 0.028) and Hb (p = 0.042). Further, there was an increase for CG (p < 0.001) in power clean for CG from T11 (38.4 ± 1.7 kg) to T21 (41.3 ± 1.9 kg) and T29 (41.8 ± 1.7 kg), but no change for power clean in ITG (p > 0.05). A group-by-time interaction from T11 to T29 occurred in favor of CG for half-squat (p = 0.049) and TMS (p = 0.049). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the benefits of iron supplementation are not sustained in elite female volleyballers if supplementation is ceased for 18 weeks.

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Effects of Differential Jump Training on Balance Performance in Female Volleyball Players

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10175921 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (17) ◽

pp. 5921

Author(s):

Philip X. Fuchs ◽

Andrea Fusco ◽

Cristina Cortis ◽

Herbert Wagner

Keyword(s):

Postural Control ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Force Plate ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Balance Performance ◽

Mean Velocity ◽

Control Phase ◽

Jump Training ◽

Competitive Season ◽

Volleyball Players

The purpose of this study was to determine whether coordinative jump training that induces neuromuscular stimuli can affect balance performance, associated with injury risk, in elite-level female volleyball players. During the competitive season, the balance performance of 12 elite female players (highest Austrian division) was obtained via a wobble board (WB; 200 Hz) placed on an AMTI force plate (1000 Hz). Three identically repeated measurements defined two intervals (control and intervention phases), both comparable in duration and regular training. The intervention included 6 weeks of differential training (8 sessions of 15–20 min) that delivered variations in dynamics around the ankle joints. Multilevel mixed models were used to assess the effect on postural control. WB performance decreased from 27.0 ± 13.2% to 19.6 ± 11.3% during the control phase and increased to 54.5 ± 16.2% during the intervention (β = 49.1 ± 3.5; p < 0.001). Decreased sway area [cm²] (β = −7.5 ± 1.6; p < 0.001), anterior–posterior (β = −4.1 ± 0.4; p < 0.001) and mediolateral sway [mm] (β = −2.7 ± 0.6; p = 0.12), and mean velocity [mm∙s−1] (β = −9.0 ± 3.6; p < 0.05) were observed during the intervention compared with the control phase. Inter-limb asymmetry was reduced (β = −41.8 ± 14.4; p < 0.05). The applied training concept enhanced balance performance and postural control in elite female volleyball players. Due to the low additional physiological loads of the program and increased injury risk during the competitive season, we recommend this intervention for supporting injury prevention during this period.

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Strength and vertical jump performance changes in elite male volleyball players during the season (Cambios en el rendimiento en fuerza y salto vertical en jugadores de élite masculinos de voleibol durante la temporada)

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v0i34.65898 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 291-294

Author(s):

Miguel Sánchez Moreno ◽

Carlos García Asencio ◽

Juan José González Badillo ◽

David Díaz Cueli

Keyword(s):

Beneficial Effect ◽

Strength Training ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Vertical Jump ◽

Jump Height ◽

Jump Performance ◽

Vertical Jump Height ◽

Competitive Season ◽

Volleyball Players

Abstract. This study aimed to analyze the effect of strength training on physical performance in elite male volleyball players during the competitive season. Athletes were assessed at the start of season (SS), midpoint of the competitive season (MS), and at the end of the season (ES). Significant increases were observed in vertical jump height (CMJ), jump squat height (JS) and mean propulsive velocity (MPV) from SS to ES (P < 0.05). Likely beneficial increases were observed on CMJ from SS to MS, on JS from SS to MS and from MS to ES. In addition, likely beneficial effect was found on MPV from MS to ES. Over the full season (SS to ES), very likely beneficial effect was observed on CMJ, MPV and JS. In conclusion, increase in strength of lower limb and vertical jump can be achieved in professional volleyball players over a full playing season. Resumen. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza sobre el rendimiento en la fuerza del miembro inferior y la capacidad de salto vertical en jugadores de voleibol masculinos durante la temporada de competición. Los atletas fueron evaluados al inicio (SS), a la mitad (MS) y al final de la temporada (ES). Se observaron aumentos significativos en la altura del salto vertical (CMJ), del salto con cargas (JS) y en la velocidad media propulsiva (MPV) alcanzada con las cargas comunes en el ejercicio de sentadillas entre SS y ES (P < 0.05). El análisis basado en la magnitud del cambio reveló un aumento probable en CMJ de SS a MS, y en JS de SS a MS y de MS a ES. Además, un incremento probable se encontró en MPV de MS a ES. Durante la temporada completa (SS a ES), se observó un aumento muy probable en CMJ, en MPV y JS. En conclusión, se puede lograr un aumento en la fuerza de la extremidad inferior y el salto vertical en jugadores profesionales de voleibol durante una temporada de juego completa.

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Changes in Muscle Architecture and Explosive Ability in Collegiate Volleyball Players throughout a Competitive Season

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000487415.38148.d5 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 806

Author(s):

Caleb D. Bazyler ◽

Timothy J. Suchomel ◽

Christopher J. Sole ◽

Satoshi Mizuguchi ◽

Michael H. Stone

Keyword(s):

Muscle Architecture ◽

Competitive Season ◽

Volleyball Players

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Iron supplementation prevents a decline in iron stores and enhances strength performance in elite female volleyball players during the competitive season

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2014-0500 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 615-622 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Juan Mielgo-Ayuso ◽

Michael C. Zourdos ◽

Julio Calleja-González ◽

Aritz Urdampilleta ◽

Sergej Ostojic

Keyword(s):

Iron Supplementation ◽

Iron Status ◽

Saturation Index ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Ferrous Sulphate ◽

Transferrin Saturation ◽

Control Group ◽

Competitive Season ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Power Clean

The primary aim of this study was to examine the effects of 11 weeks of iron supplementation on hematological and strength markers in elite female volleyball players. Twenty-two volleyball players (aged 27.0 ± 5.6 years) from 2 Spanish First National League teams participated and were counterbalanced into 1 of 2 groups based upon iron status: (i) control group (CG, n = 11); or (ii) iron treatment group (ITG, n = 11), which received 325 mg/day of ferrous sulphate daily. Subjects performed their team’s regimen of training or match play every day. Both groups were tested for hematological and strength levels at 2 points: (i) baseline (T0, before preseason) and (ii) 11 weeks later (T11, post-testing). Hematological parameters were serum iron (sFe), serum ferritin (FER), transferrin saturation index (TSI), and hemoglobin (Hb); strength assessments were bench press, military press, half-squat, power clean, clean and jerk, and pull-over. CG experienced a significant decrease (p < 0.05) for sFe (T0, 112.7 ± 31.5; T11, 69.0 ± 20.5 μg·dL−1; –33.9%), FER (T0, 60.2 ± 28.6; T11, 38.2 ± 16.4 ng·mL−1; –34.6%), TSI (T0, 29.4% ± 9.5%; T11, 17.4% ± 5.1%; –35.3%), and Hb (T0, 14.1 ± 1.0; T11, 13.0 ± 0.8 g·L−1; –7.44%); however, ITG experienced no changes (p > 0.05). Consequently, in ITG all hematological parameters were significantly greater (p < 0.05) than CG at T11. There was greater (p < 0.05) percent increase in the clean and jerk (CG: +5.1% ± 20.9 vs. ITG: +29.0% ± 21.3%), power clean (CG: –5.8% ± 30.3% vs. ITG: +44.6% ± 56.6%), and total mean strength (CG: +10.9% ± 3.2% vs. ITG: +26.2% ± 3.6%) in ITG. Our findings suggest that oral iron supplementation prevents iron loss and enhances strength in female volleyball players during the competitive season.

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Quantifying External Load and Injury Occurrence in Women's Collegiate Volleyball Players Across a Competitive Season

The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research ◽

10.1519/jsc.0000000000004212 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey B. Taylor ◽

Haley C. Barnes ◽

Sara P. Gombatto ◽

Daniel Greenwood ◽

Kevin R. Ford

Keyword(s):

External Load ◽

Competitive Season ◽

Injury Occurrence ◽

Volleyball Players

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The Effects of Different Strength Training on Static and Dynamic Balance Ability of Volleyball Players

Journal of Education and Training Studies ◽

10.11114/jets.v5i13.2881 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (13) ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mehmet Ali Eylen ◽

Onder Daglioglu ◽

Erkan Gucenmez

Keyword(s):

Strength Training ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Stability Index ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Balance Test ◽

Leg Strength ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Balance Ability ◽

Experimental Group

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of different strength training on the static and dynamic balance ability of volleyball players. A total of 20 male volleyball players, aged between 18 and 25, are participated in the study who has been playing in national volleyball competition in Gaziantep. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the randomized method as experimental group (n=10, age:21.60±2.06) and control group (n=10, age:20.50±1.77). The experimental group was given a different strength training program for 3 days a week for 8 weeks. Both groups continued their regular volleyball practice. Leg strength, static and dynamic balance measurements were made before starting the different strength training in both groups and after the training was finished. Takei Leg Dynamometer used for leg strength measurement and Biodex Balance SD Isokinetic Balance Test for balance measurement. Paired Sample t test was used for intra-group comparisons and Independent Sample t test was used for statistical analysis of the data. When the pre-test and post-test measurements of the experimental group were compared, there were significant differences in leg strength, static (Double leg-Overall Postural Stability Index (OPSI), Right Leg-OPSI, Left Leg-OPSI) and dynamic (Right Leg- Overall Stability Index (OSI), Left Leg-OSI) balance scores (p<0.05). The control group showed significant significance in the Double leg-OPSI score (p<0.05). No other significance was found in the other data (p>0.05). As a result, it is considered that the different strength training applied to the volleyball players has a positive effect on the static and dynamic balance ability. It can be said that static and dynamic balance abilities of regular strength training may increase.

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