scholarly journals Effect of plant density on the growth, development and yield of brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Alekseevich Turbin ◽  
Artem Siergiejevicz Sokolov ◽  
Edyta Kosterna ◽  
Robert Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Stalk Diameter ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Plant density is an important variable for achieving maximum yields and uniform vegetable maturity. Optimal plant density can be achieved by establishing appropriate distances both between the rows as well as in the rows of plants. The experiment was carried out between 2010–2012 at the experimental field of the Crimean Agrotechnological University in Simferopol, Ukraine. The experiment was established as randomised blocks with four replications. This study aimed to determine the effect of plant density on the growth, development and yield of Brussels sprouts. Increasing the area per plant resulted in a shortening of the time to the beginning of head formation, technical maturity and harvest. In all study years, increasing the distance between plants caused an increase in leaf assimilation area, stalk diameter and the number of heads per plant, however, the height of plants was lower. The most favourable parameters characterising marketable yield were found at an area per plant of 0.56 m<sup>2</sup>, however, the maximum yield from 1 ha (determining the profitability of the cultivation) was found at an area of 0.49 m<sup>2</sup> per plant.

Response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) yield and hollow stem to plant density, trickle irrigation and transplanting date

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-735
Author(s):  
K R. Sanderson ◽  
S. A. E. Fillmore
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Maximizing yield and quality of processing broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is critical to successful production in Atlantic Canada. Field studies were conducted from 2004 to 2006 to evaluate the effect of plant density and trickle irrigation on the yields and incidence of hollow stem for early and late transplanting of broccoli. Treatments consisted of five plant densities ranging from 3.17 to 6.35 plants m–2. Each plant density was either not irrigated or trickle irrigated to maintain at least 25 mm total precipitation per week. The highest marketable yield was achieved at 5.56 plants m–2 when grown in an early transplanting with trickle irrigation in a single row with 90 cm between the row and 20 cm within the row. Overall, earlier transplanting dates were more productive. Trickle irrigation increased marketable yield by an average of 12% over the 3 yr of tests. Average head weight, head diameter, and the incidence of hollow stem decreased as plant density increased. Leaf tissue N was not affected by plant density, trickle irrigation or transplanting date.Key words: Brassica oleracea L. italica, plant density, yield, growth

Cole crop yield response to reduced nitrogen rates

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
J. A. Ivany
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Control Banding ◽  
Reduced Nitrogen ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Rates ◽  
Cole Crop ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Response of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata), Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) and broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica) to reduced N rates was studied over 4 yr. Treatments were application methods, broadcast, split and banded with two rates of N; 120 and 90 kg ha−1 plus a control of 150 kg ha−1 broadcast N. Marketable yield was lower by 15, 23, and 13%, respectively, compared to the control. Banding lowered yield of cabbage and broccoli. The lower N rate had the lowest yield in all crops. Leaf N concentration varied with N rate. Key words: Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, reduced nitrogen, yield

Effect of nitrogen and potassium on the yield and quality of irrigated Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera) cvv. Roger and Oliver grown in South Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
CMJ Williams ◽  
NA Maier ◽  
MJ Potter ◽  
GG Collins
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

This study was conducted to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) on the yield and size distribution of Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera) grown with sprinkler irrigation in the Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia. The cultivars grown were Oliver and Roger which are early and mid season types, respectively. Yields of swollen axillary buds or Brussels sprouts were assessed over 4-7 harvests. Five rates of N (0, 125, 250, 375, 600 kg/ha) with 3 rates of K (0, 150, 300 kg/ha) were applied over 8 side-dressings during the 7-8-month cropping period in randomised block experiments. Four experiments were conducted during 1992-93 (sites 1 and 2) and 1993-94 (sites 3 and 4) on silty loam, loam and sandy loam soils. The effect of N and K on sprout colour was determined at sites 3 and 4. Thiocyanate concentrations in sprouts and the bitterness of sprouts, from the nil and highest K treatment, and from plants in the crop adjacent to the experimental area, were determined for sites 1 and 2. In 3 of the 4 experiments, applied N significantly (P<0.001) increased total yield of sprouts harvested. Yield increases due to applied N ranged from 51 to 78%. At site 1 (cv. Oliver), there was no yield response to applied N but at sites 2 and 4 (cv. Roger) and site 3 (cv. Oliver), 319, 377 and 383 kg N/ha, respectively were required for 95% maximum yield. At responsive sites, application of N significantly increased both yield of sprouts at all harvests except harvest 1, and yield of 20-<30 and 30-<40 g sprouts, which are the preferred size ranges. Increasing rates of N significantly (P<0.05) increased yield of 240 g or large sprouts at all 3 responsive sites. The effect of applied N on sprout colour was inconsistent. At site 4, application of N significantly (P<0.001) increased the mean colour rating of sprouts, in contrast, at site 3 the effect was not significant (P>0.05). At both sites, mean colour ratings decreased during the harvest period irrespective of N applied. Total yield, size and colour of sprouts were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by rate of applied K at any site. It was concluded that extractable K concentrations of 140-260 mg/kg in the surface (0-15 cm) soils were adequate and not limiting yield. At site 1, thiocyanate concentration in sprouts and sprout bitterness increased significantly (P<0.001) when the highest rate of K2SO4 was applied. At site 2, which had received higher rates of sulfate-based fertilisers in previous years, the effect was not significant (P>0.05). This finding suggests that application of high rates of K2SO4 to Brussels sprouts should be avoided to ensure bitterness does not adversely affect the marketability of sprouts.

The effects of plant density and fertilizer application on yield components in three marrow-stem kale (Brassica oleracea L.) varieties

1971 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L ◽  
Effects Of Density

SummaryThe effects of crop density and fertilizer application on three varieties of marrowstem kale were investigated. The yield of stem, yield of leaf, components of leaf yield and plant height were studied separately. Varietal differences and effects of density and fertilizer application were significant for all characters, except for the effect of crop density on leaf and stem yield per ha.Significant variety x treatment interactions occurred for a number of the characters measured. The possible importance of these is discussed.

The effect of aerated hydration on DNA synthesis in embryos of Brassica oleracea L.

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Thornton ◽  
A. R. S. Collins ◽  
A. A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

AbstractAgeing causes a delay in the onset of DNA replication in seeds. Aerated hydration for 8 h, a treatment to invigorate seeds, resulted in a reduction of about 12 h in the time difference in the onset of DNA synthesis between unaged and aged embryos of brassica seed. This effect is consistent with a recovery process occurring during aerated hydration of the seed involving the repair of accumulated DNA damage. The occurrence of hydroxyurea-resistant 3H-thymidine incorporation in aged Brussels sprouts embryos during the period 16–32 h from the start of hydration supports this interpretation.

Effect of density on growth, development, yield and quality of kabocha (Cucurbita maxima)

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
T. Botwright ◽  
N. Mendham ◽  
B. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Growth Development

Summary. The effect of plant density on growth, development, yield and quality of kabocha (buttercup squash) (Cucurbita maxima) was examined during 1992–93, at a field site in Cambridge, Tasmania. Plant densities ranged between 0.5 and 4.7 plants/m2. Marketable and total yields were fitted to a yield–density model. Total yield followed an asymptotic trend, approaching 33 t/ha at 4.7 plants/m2, while marketable yield had a parabolic relationship with density. Marketable yield increased to a maximum of 18 t/ha at 1.1 plants/m2, while declining at higher densities because of increased numbers of undersized fruit. Yield of vine marked and callused fruit did not vary with density, but represented a significant proportion of the total yield at all densities. High plant density reduced vegetative growth per plant due to competition for limited resources; as shown by decreased leaf area, number and length of vines, and plant dry weight. Yield tended to decline at high densities because of fewer female flowers and increased fruit abortion per plant. Plants at low densities had more vegetative growth but decreased yields, as increased abortion of fruit relative to the higher plant densities left only 1–2 large fruit per plant. Economic returns varied with plant density. At high densities, variable costs increased (particularly due to high seed cost) while gross income declined reflecting the relationship between marketable yield and plant density. The gross margin therefore declined at high densities.

The effect of plant density, date of apical bud removal and leaf removal on the growth and yield of single-harvest Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleraceavar. gemmifera D.C.): III. The components of marketable yield

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Harvesting Technique ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Bud Size

SummaryAn analysis of marketable yield of sprouts is suggested in which the components are: number of plants/m3, number of buds/plant, acceptable size fraction, acceptable quality fraction and mean weight per marketable bud.The number of buds per plant was dependent on date of stopping but was not greatly affected by plant density. This component was not found to limit yield.Acceptable size fraction was related to the standard deviation of bud size and increased to a maximum at the time of optimum bud size. The maximum acceptable size fraction obtained from field samples could be reliably predicted from measurements of the standard deviation of bud size.The acceptable quality fraction was of particular importance in later harvested crops and at higher plant densities. It was highly dependent upon cultivar but was little affected by stopping treatment. Unacceptable buds occurred most frequently at the base of the stem and it is argued that the importance of the blemishing diseases responsible for these losses has been increased by the single-pick harvesting technique.The optimum plant density was related to the expected date of harvest but the practice of delaying maturity by increasing density is limited by the decreased acceptable quality fraction. Crops for harvest in October and November should undoubtedly be stopped both to reduce bud size variation and to stimulate bud growth.

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