scholarly journals Microfungi in the soil beneath common oak and their effect on Armillaria occurrence

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Hanna Kwaśna
Keyword(s):  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes ◽  
Dilution Plate ◽  
Dilution Plate Method ◽  
Common Oak ◽  
Soil Dilution

Microfungal assemblages in a soil beneath 30- and 50·year-old oaks and their 2-year-old stumps were studied using the soil dilution plate method. A total of 98 culturable microfungi were isolated. Compared to the living oaks before felling and the control living oaks, the density of <i>Mortierella macrocystis, Penicillium jonczewskii, Pseudogymnoascus roseus Sporothrix schenckii, Tolypoccladiumum inflatum</i> and <i>Umbelopsis vinacea</i> sigificantly inacased in the soil beneath slumps in the 32- and 52-year-old stands. Density of <i>Aspergillus kanagawaensis, Monodictys lepraria, P. daleae</i> and sterile dematiaceous hyphomycetes increased significantly in the 32-year-old stand and <i>Chrysosporium merdarium</i> in the 52·year-old stand. These fungi are known 'stimulants' of <i>Armillaria</i> rhizomorph formation. It is suggested that the increase in density of <i>Armillaria</i> rhizomorph 'stimulants' in a soil beneath oak stumps may increase the possibility of colonization of stumps by <i>Armillaria</i>.

Isolation of Potential Alkaliphilic Cellulase-Producer Strains from Limestone Area of Perlis

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 1054-1058
Author(s):  
Nor’izzah Zainuddin ◽  
Khadijah Hanim Abd Rahman ◽  
Abdul Razak Shaari ◽  
Siti Jamilah Hanim Mohd Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Selective Medium ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Dilution Plate ◽  
Cellulolytic Fungi ◽  
The Future ◽  
Alkaline Cellulase ◽  
Dilution Plate Method ◽  
Soil Dilution ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Producer Strains

Alkaliphilic cellulases-producer fungi were isolated from soil of limestone areas in Perlis. The potential strain was isolated by soil dilution plate method on enriched selective medium using CMC as substrate at different pH levels. Eleven isolates of different morphological colonies were screened using the hydrolysis capacity test by Gram’s iodine. Out of eleven colonies, five showed positive results as the hydrolysis zone formed. BK1 showed the highest hydrolysis capacity among all sample strains for every pH levels. Eventually, four strains were selected to be further explored as cellulolytic fungi for the production of alkaline cellulase in the future.

EFFECT OF PLATING MEDIUM AND INCUBATION TEMPERATURE ON GROWTH OF FUNGI IN SOIL-DILUTION PLATES

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald D. Kaufman ◽  
Lansing E. Williams ◽  
Charles B. Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Soil Extract ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Dilution Plate ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Dilution Plate Method ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Soil Dilution ◽  
Soil Extract Agar

The effects of 20, 25, or 30 °C incubation temperatures for dilution-plates and of five plating media (Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station Medium (OAES), Liftman"s crystal-violet agar, dextrose-peptone agar, soil-extract agar, and glucose-nitrate soil-extract agar) on total numbers and types of fungi isolated from two soils (sugar beet or corn cropped) by a soil-dilution plate method were determined. The data revealed that significant differences existed among the three variables as well as their interactions. Although numbers of colonies of fungi isolated were not affected significantly, the types of fungi (number of individual genera) isolated were significantly greater in sugar beet than in corn cropped soils. In nearly all instances, the greatest total number and types of fungi were isolated at temperatures of 20 or 25 °C. Although each medium appeared to favor one or more groups of fungi, the overall frequency and distribution of fungi was essentially the same on all media. On the basis of its transparency, total number and types of fungi isolated, the elimination of bacteria and actinomycetes, and its restriction of rapidly growing fungi, the OAES medium was deemed the most suitable for use in the soil-dilution plate method.

scholarly journals Cultured Microfungal Communities in Biological Soil Crusts and Bare Soils at the Tabernas Desert, Spain

Soil Systems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Grishkan ◽  
Roberto Lázaro ◽  
Giora J. Kidron
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Tengger Desert ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
The North ◽  
Melanized Fungi ◽  
Structure Density ◽  
Dilution Plate Method ◽  
Bare Soils ◽  
Soil Dilution

We examined the variations in microfungal communities from different surface types (cyanobacterial crusts, lichen-dominated crusts, and noncrusted bare surface) at two different positions—north-oriented slope and sun-exposed plain in the Tabernas Desert, Spain. A total of 77 species from 46 genera was isolated using the soil dilution plate method. The studied mycobiota, similar to the majority of desert mycobiotas, was dominated by melanin-containing species. However, in the Tabernas crusts, unlike the studied crusts of the Negev Desert (Israel) and the Tengger Desert (China), melanized fungi with large multicellular spores were much less abundantly represented, while the thermotolerant group, Aspergillus spp., remarkably contributed to the communities’ structure. Density of microfungal isolates positively correlated with chlorophyll content indicating possible significant influence of organic matter content on fungal biomass. The variations in crust composition, biomass, and the position of habitats were accompanied by the variations in microfungal community structure, diversity level, and isolate densities, with the communities at the plain sun-exposed position being much less variable than the communities at the north-oriented position. The study shows that microclimatic and edaphic factors play an essential role in the development of crust and noncrust microfungal communities, and their structure can be a sensitive indicator of changing environmental conditions at a microscale.

scholarly journals Sludy of the Dermatophytes in the Students Houses of Minia University, Egypt

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
S. N. Maghazy ◽  
G. M. Shaaban ◽  
M. S. El-Katatny
Keyword(s):  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Rhizopus Nigricans ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Dilution Plate ◽  
The Common ◽  
Dilution Plate Method ◽  
Aspergilus Niger

A survey of dermatophytes and other fungi was carried out in 100 air - dust samples from bedrooms and dinning halls of male and female student resident houses. By hair baiting technique the common dermatophytes were obtained namely <i>Microsporum canis, M. gypseum</i> and <i>Trichophyton mtntagrophytes</i>. Also five species of <i>Chrysasporium</i> were isolated in the following order of dominance <i>C. tropicum, C. keratinophilum, C. indicum, C. pannicola</i> and <i>C. quecnslandicum</i>. By dilution plate method, 37 species representing 20 genera of which <i>Aspergilus niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus nigricans, Penicillium chrysogenum</i> and <i>Cladosporium cladosporioides</i> were most frequently isolated.

Value of a plant growth retardant for isolating soil fungi

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Curl
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Dilution Plate ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Dilution Plate Method

Various concentrations of 42 dyes, alkaloids, plant-growth regulators, and miscellaneous chemicals were tested as substitutes for rose bengal in peptone–dextrose–streptomycin agar for isolating soil fungi by the dilution-plate method. Most of the chemicals did not compare favorably with rose bengal, but a plant growth retardant 2,4-dichlorobenzyltributylphosfonium chloride (phosfon) used at 500 μg/ml significantly increased numbers of fungal colonies per plate and suppressed fast-growing fungi. The value of phosfon persisted even in the presence of gibrel, which alone induced rapid overgrowth of plates by Trichoderma and the Mucoraceae.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN DAN VEGETASI TERHADAP KEBERADAAN JAMUR TANAH DI LAHAN BEKAS PENAMBANGAN EMAS YANG DIREKLAMASI PADA DAERAH CIMANGGU DAN BOJONG PARI JAMPANG SUKABUMI

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Titin Yulinaeri ◽  
Suciatmih Suciatmih ◽  
Nandang Suharna
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Dilution Plate ◽  
Dilution Plate Method ◽  
Reclamation Process

In order to know the effect of vegetation and fertilizer on the occurrence of soil fungi, a study was conducted in reclamated gold mining land both in Cimanggu and Bojong Pari, Jampang, Sukabumi. Soil fungi were isolated by dilution plate method, using a tauge sucrose agar? medium with 50 ppm antibiotic and incubated at room temperature for 2-3 days. Fungi identification follows Domsch et al (1980), Samson et al (1981), and Barnet (1969). The effect of vegetation and fertilizer on the composition of soil fungi in reclamated land both Cimanggu and Bojong Pari were not quite different. Aspergillys, Eupenicillium, and Pennicillium maybe dominant fungi in these areas. These fungi were probably involved in reclamation of land. To obtain faster reclamation process, the fungi are better involved as one of introduced microorganism besides Rhizobium and Mychorizal fungi or mixed inoculants. Besides election of suitable flora and fauna, soil fungi are expected to be able recover degraded land into original ecosystem.

scholarly journals Stimulation of Armillaria rhizomorph growth by oak root fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Kwaśna ◽  
Urszula Kotyńska ◽  
Piotr Łakomy ◽  
Ken Mallet
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes ◽  
Armillaria Mellea ◽  
Root Fungi ◽  
Stimulation Of

Thirty one different genera of fungi were isolated from the wood of roots of 5O·year·old oak (<i>Quercus robur</i>). The most frequently isolated fungi were: <i>Mycelium radicis atrovirens alpha (MRAA), Clonostachys</i> sp. and <i>Penicillium daleae, Beauveria bassiana, Clonostachys sp., Cryplosporiopsis rodicicolo, Geotrichum candidum, Mortierella vinacea, MRAA, P. daleae, P. janczewskii P. spinulosum, Sporothrix schenckii</i> and <i>Tolypocladium niveum</i> significantly enhanced <i>Armillaria mellea</i> rhizomorph initiation and growth from oak branch segments <i>in vitro</i>. The biggest stimulation effect was noticed when the dematiaceous hyphomycetes, e.g. <i>MRAA, P. dimorphospora</i> and <i>S. schenckii</i> were studied.

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