scholarly journals Septoglomus deserticola emended and new combinations in the emended definition of the family Diversisporaceae

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Gerard Chwat
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Lsu Nrdna

An updated morphology of spores of <em>Septoglomus deserticola</em>, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus of the phylum Glomeromycota, is presented based on the original description of the species, only one other its definition recently published and spores produced in pot cultures inoculated with the rhizosphere soil and root fragments of an unrecognized grass colonizing maritime sand dunes of the Hicacos Peninsula, Cuba. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the large subunit (LSU) nrDNA region of the Cuban fungus confirmed its affinity with <em>S. deserticola </em>deposited in the International Bank for the Glomeromycota (BEG) and indicated that its closest relatives are <em>S. fuscum </em>and <em>S. xanthium</em>. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the small subunit (SSU) nrDNA confirmed the Cuban fungus x <em>S. fuscum </em>x <em>S. xanthium </em>relationship revealed in analyses of the LSU sequences and thereby suggested the Cuban <em>Septoglomus </em>is <em>S. deserticola</em>. However, it was impossible to prove directly the identity of the Cuban fungus and <em>S. deserticola </em>from BEG based on SSU sequences due to the lack of <em>S. deserticola </em>SSU sequences in public databases. In addition, phylogenetic analyses of LSU and SSU sequences confirmed the uniqueness of the recently erected genus <em>Corymbiglomus </em>with the type species <em>C. corymbiforme </em>(formerly <em>Glomus corymbiforme</em>) in the family Diversisporaceae and proved that its LSU sequences group in a clade with LSU sequences of <em>G. globiferum </em>and <em>G. tortuosum</em>. Consequently, the two latter species were transferred to <em>Corymbiglomus </em>and named <em>C. globiferum </em>comb. nov. and <em>C. tortuosum </em>comb. nov., and the definitions of the family Diversisporaceae and the genus <em>Diversispora </em>were emended.

Diversispora valentina (Diversisporaceae), a new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from the Mediterranean sand dunes of Spain

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 468 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
ALBERTO GUILLÉN ◽  
FERNANDO JAVIER SERRANO-TAMAY ◽  
JUAN BAUTISTA PERIS ◽  
ISABEL ARRILLAGA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
The Mediterranean

A new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species, Diversispora valentina, is described and illustrated. In the field, this species is associated with marine dunes located along the Mediterranean coast in eastern Spain. Spores of D. valentina occurred in sporocarps, in clusters, and singly in the soil or inside the roots of Ammophila arenaria (Poaceae), Elymus farctus (Poaceae), Otanthus maritimus (Asteraceae), and Echinophora spinosa (Apiaceae) in the six locations studied. A single-species culture of D. valentina was obtained using Trifolium repens as a host plant. The small subunit internal transcribed spacer and large subunit (SSU-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-LSU) nrDNA sequences place the new species in the genus Diversispora and suggest that it differs from any previously described species. The novelty of this species is supported by morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses.

scholarly journals Sieverdingia gen. nov., S. tortuosa comb. nov., and Diversispora peloponnesiaca sp. nov. in the Diversisporaceae (Glomeromycota)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1363-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Piotr Niezgoda ◽  
Jéssica Nunes de Paiva ◽  
Kássia Jéssica Galdino da Silva ◽  
Raquel Cordeiro Theodoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Spore Wall ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Innermost Layer ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Phylogenetic analyses of 18S–ITS–28S nuc rDNA sequences indicated that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus originally described as Glomus tortuosum and later transferred to the genus Corymbiglomus represents a separate, previously unrecognized clade at the rank of genus in the family Diversisporaceae (order Diversisporales, phylum Glomeromycota). The analyses located the clade between clades representing the genera Desertispora and Redeckera. Consequently, a new genus, Sieverdingia, was erected, with S. tortuosa comb. nov. The unique morphological feature of S. tortuosa is the formation of glomoid-like spores with a single-layered spore wall covered with a hyphal mantle. Importantly, the erection of Sieverdingia clarified the definition of Corymbiglomus, which currently consists of three species producing glomoid-like spores with one, three- to four-layered spore wall. The features of the innermost layer, which is hyaline, laminate, flexible to semi-flexible, indicate that it is a synapomorphy of Corymbiglomus. The definitions of Corymbiglomus and its species were emended. Moreover, the distribution of S. tortuosa and the three species of Corymbiglomus was discussed based on own studies, literature data, and molecular sequences deposited in public databases. We concluded that the distribution of S. tortuosa and C. globiferum known in environmental studies based on their partial 28S nuc rDNA sequences only may be understated because the main molecular characteristics distinguishing these species reside outside the 28S region. Finally, we described a new species in the genus Diversispora originating from Mediterranean dunes of the Peloponnese peninsula, Greece. The same phylogenetic analyses mentioned above indicated that the closest relative of the new species, producing dark-coloured spores, is D. clara, whose spores are creamy white at most.

scholarly journals A Novel Parasitoid of Marine Dinoflagellates, Pararosarium dinoexitiosum gen. et sp. nov. (Perkinsozoa, Alveolata), Showing Characteristic Beaded Sporocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boo Seong Jeon ◽  
Myung Gil Park
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marine Dinoflagellates ◽  
Developmental Characteristics ◽  
Intensive Sampling

The phylum Perkinsozoa is known as an exclusively parasitic group within alveolates and is widely distributed in various aquatic environments from marine to freshwater environments. Nonetheless, their morphology, life cycle, the identity of the host, and physiological characteristics remain still poorly understood. During intensive sampling along the west coast of Korea in October and November 2017, a new parasitoid, which shares several characteristics with the extant families Perkinsidae and Parviluciferaceae, was discovered and three strains of the new parasitoid were successfully established in cultures. Cross-infection experiments showed that among the examined planktonic groups, only dinoflagellates were susceptible to the new parasitoid, with infections observed in species belonging to eight genera. Even though the new parasitoid shared many morphological and developmental characteristics with other Perkinsozoan parasites, it differed from them by its densely packed trophocyte structure without a large vacuole or hyaline material during the growth stage. These characteristics are common among Parviluciferaceae members. Furthermore, through palintomic extracellular sporogenesis, it produced characteristic interconnected sporocytes resembling a string of beads. Phylogenetic analyses based on the small subunit and large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences revealed that the new parasitoid was distantly related to the family Parviluciferaceae and was more closely related to the families Perkinsidae and Xcellidae. Morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular data on the new parasitoid raised the need to erect a new family, i.e., Pararosariidae, within the phylum Perkinsozoa with Pararosarium dinoexitiosum gen. et sp. nov. as the type species. The isolation and establishment in culture of the new parasitoid outside the family Parviluciferaceae in the present study would contribute to the better understanding of the diversity of Perkinsozoan parasites and provide useful material for comparisons to other parasite species in the further study.

scholarly journals Integrative Studies on a New Ciliate Campanella sinica n. sp. (Protista, Ciliophora, Peritrichia) Based on the Morphological and Molecular Data, With Notes on the Phylogeny and Systematics of the Family Epistylididae

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Tong Wu ◽  
Borong Lu ◽  
Yong Chi ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
5.8S Rdna ◽  
Freshwater Pond ◽  
The Family

During an investigation on freshwater peritrichs, a new colonial sessilid ciliate, Campanella sinica n. sp., was isolated from aquatic plants in an artificial freshwater pond in Qingdao, China. Specimen observations of this species were performed both in vivo and using silver staining. C. sinica n. sp. is characterized by the appearance of the mature colony, which is up to 2 cm high and contains more than 1,000 zooids, the asymmetric horn-shaped zooids, strongly everted and multi-layered peristomial lip, the slightly convex peristomial disc, and the well-developed haplokinety and polykinety, which make more than four circuits of the peristome before descending into the infundibulum. The small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA), 5.8s rDNA and its flank internal transcribed spacers (ITS1-5.8s rDNA-ITS2), and large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) are sequenced and used for phylogenetic analyses which reveal that the family Epistylididae Kahl, 1933 is non-monophyletic whereas the genus Campanella is monophyletic and nests within the basal clade of the sessilids. The integrative results support the assertion that the genus Campanella represents a separate lineage from other epistylidids, suggesting a further revision of the family Epistylididae is needed. We revise Campanella including the transfer into this genus of a taxon formerly assigned to Epistylis, which we raise to species rank, i.e., Campanella ovata (Nenninger, 1948) n. grad. &amp; n. comb. (original combination Epistylis purneri f. ovataNenninger, 1948). In addition, we provide a key to the identification of the species of Campanella.

Ultrastructural and molecular delineation of the Chytridiaceae (Chytridiales)

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 1561-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Letcher ◽  
Martha J. Powell ◽  
James G. Chambers ◽  
Joyce E. Longcore ◽  
Perry F. Churchill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Developmental Morphology ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Small Subunit Rdna ◽  
The Family

The Chytridiomycota is in need of taxonomic revision, especially the largest order, the Chytridiales. We analyzed 25 isolates in, or allied to, the Chytridium clade of this order. Isolates were selected based on one or more of the following criteria: (i) having a large subunit molecular sequence similar to that of the type of the genus Chytriomyces, (ii) having specific zoospore morphology, and (iii) currently classified as a species in the genus Chytriomyces . We examined ultrastructural characters and partial sequences of large subunit and small subunit rDNA and generated a phylogenetic hypothesis using maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses. The sequence analyses strongly supported the Chytridiaceae, Phlyctochytrium, and Chytriomyces angularis clades, and each clade had a specific zoospore type. Developmental morphology of the thallus did not mirror the DNA-based phylogeny. Based on the results of phylogenetic analyses of sequences and ultrastructural characters, we emend the Chytridiaceae by including exogenous and polycentric development and define the family on the basis of a single zoospore type. Species identified as being in the genus Chytriomyces occur in several separate, well-supported clades along with species currently classified in seven other genera ( Asterophlyctis , Entophlyctis , Obelidium , Physocladia , Podochytrium , Rhizoclosmatium , and Siphonaria ), indicating that Chytriomyces as currently defined is polyphyletic.

Bursaphelenchus doui Braasch, Gu, Burgermeister & Zhang, 2005 (Aphelenchida: Parasitaphelenchidae), an associate of Monochamus subfasciatus Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and Pinus densiflora Sieb. & Zucc.

Nematology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Takuya Aikawa ◽  
Noritoshi Maehara ◽  
Kazuma Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Inoculation Test ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Longhorn Beetle

Abstract Bursaphelenchus doui was isolated from a dead Japanese red pine, Pinus densiflora, in Shizuoka, and from the tracheal system of a species of longhorn beetle, Monochamus subfasciatus, collected at Tama Forest Science Garden of Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. The Japanese populations of B. doui were compared with the original description of material obtained from coniferous packaging materials imported from Taiwan and Korea to continental China. Additional characters from the Japanese population include a constricted female mucron with a step-like appearance and several morphometric values. The molecular profiles of the Japanese B. doui populations were determined by DNA sequencing and ITS-RFLP profiles and were compared with those of the Taiwanese and Chinese populations of B. doui and other species in the genus. The phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit and large subunit ribosomal DNA indicated that B. doui is clearly included in the xylophilus-group of the genus Bursaphelenchus and may be close to B. conicaudatus and B. luxuriosae. The potential risk of B. doui for pine species is considered to be relatively low because B. doui did not display any pathogenicity to Japanese black pine in an inoculation test.

scholarly journals Redescription, Morphogenesis, and Molecular Phylogeny of Pseudosincirra longicirrata nov. comb., With Establishment of a New Genus Pseudosincirra nov. gen. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Gao ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Qiuyue Tang ◽  
Jingbao Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Original Population ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data

The morphology and morphogenesis of Pseudosincirra longicirrata nov. gen. and nov. comb., isolated from southern China, were investigated with living observation and protargol staining. Our population is similar to the original population in living characteristics and ciliary patterns. The main determinable morphogenetic features of P. longicirrata nov. comb. are the presence of five frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (FVT-anlagen) and a dorsomarginal kinety anlage. According to the origin of FVT-anlagen IV and V in proter, it can be determined that P. longicirrata nov. comb. possesses two frontoventral rows and one right marginal row. Hence, a new genus, Pseudosincirra nov. gen., is proposed, and the diagnosis of P. longicirrata nov. comb. is improved. The new genus is diagnosed as follows: adoral zone of membranelles and undulating membranes is in a Gonostomum pattern; there are three enlarged frontal cirri, one buccal cirrus, and one parabuccal cirrus; postperistomial cirrus and transverse cirri are lacking; there are two more or less long frontoventral rows and one right and two or more left marginal rows; cirri within all rows very widely spaced; dorsal kinety pattern is of Urosomoida type, that is, three dorsal kineties and one dorsomarginal kinety; and caudal cirri are present. Phylogenetic analyses based on the small subunit ribosomal (SSU rDNA) sequence data indicate that P. longicirrata nov. comb. clusters with Deviata and Perisincirra. It is considered that Pseudosincirra nov. gen. and Perisincirra paucicirrata should be assigned to the family Deviatidae; fine cirri, and cirri within all rows being relatively widely spaced, should be considered as plesiomorphies of Deviatidae; and Deviatidae is closely related to Dorsomarginalia or Strongylidium–Hemiamphisiella–Pseudouroleptus.

Spegazzinia camelliae sp. nov. (Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosprales), a new endophytic fungus from northern Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 483 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
NAKARIN SUWANNARACH ◽  
JATURONG KUMLA ◽  
SAISAMORN LUMYONG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Spine Length ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha

A new endophytic ascomycete, described herein as Spegazzinia camelliae, was isolated from leaves of Camellia sinensis var. assamica collected from Nan Province, Thailand. This species is characterized by basauxic conidiophores and dark brown to blackish brown α and β conidia. It can be distinguished from previously described Spegazzinia species by the spine length of the α conidia and the size of the β conidia. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of the small subunit (SSU), large subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) genes also support S. camelliae is a distinct new species within Spegazzinia. A full description, color photographs, illustrations and a phylogenetic tree showing the position of S. camelliae are provided.

scholarly journals Morphology, genetic characterization and molecular phylogeny of pinworm Skrjabinema longicaudatum n. sp. (Oxyurida: Oxyuridae) from the endangered Tibetan antelope Pantholops hodgsonii (Abel) (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Fan Cao ◽  
Hui-Xia Chen ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Dang-Wei Zhou ◽  
Shi-Long Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
Tibetan Antelope ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Background The Tibetan antelope Pantholops hodgsonii (Abel) (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) is an endangered species of mammal endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Parasites and parasitic diseases are considered to be important threats in the conservation of the Tibetan antelope. However, our present knowledge of the composition of the parasites of the Tibetan antelope remains limited. Methods Large numbers of nematode parasites were collected from a dead Tibetan antelope. The morphology of these nematode specimens was observed using light and scanning electron microscopy. The nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences, i.e. small subunit ribosomal DNA (18S), large subunit ribosomal DNA (28S), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), were amplified and sequenced for molecular identification. Moreover, phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum likelihood (ML) inference based on 28S and 18S + 28S + cox1 sequence data, respectively, in order to clarify the systematic status of these nematodes. Results Integrated morphological and genetic evidence reveals these nematode specimens to be a new species of pinworm Skrjabinema longicaudatum (Oxyurida: Oxyuridae). There was no intraspecific nucleotide variation between different individuals of S. longicaudatum n. sp. in the partial 18S, 28S, ITS and cox1 sequences. However, a high level of nucleotide divergence was revealed between the new species and its congeners in 28S (8.36%) and ITS (20.3–23.7%) regions, respectively. Molecular phylogenetic results suggest that the genus Skrjabinema should belong to the subfamily Oxyurinae (Oxyuroidea: Oxyuridae), instead of the subfamily Syphaciidae or Skrjabinemiinae in the traditional classification, as it formed a sister relationship to the genus Oxyuris. Conclusions A new species of pinworm Skrjabinema longicaudatum n. sp. (Oxyurida: Oxyuridae) is described. Skrjabinema longicaudatum n. sp. represents the first species of Oxyurida (pinworm) and the fourth nematode species reported from the Tibetan antelope. Our results contribute to the knowledge of the species diversity of parasites from the Tibetan antelope, and clarify the systematic position of the genus Skrjabinema.

scholarly journals Description of Eurystomatella sinica n. gen., n. sp., with establishment of a new family Eurystomatellidae n. fam. (Protista, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia) and analyses of its phylogeny inferred from sequences of the small-subunit rRNA gene

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Miao ◽  
Yangang Wang ◽  
Weibo Song ◽  
John C. Clamp ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
New Family ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Great Divergence

Recently, an undescribed marine ciliate was isolated from China. Investigation of its morphology and infraciliature revealed it as an undescribed species representing a new genus, Eurystomatella n. gen., the type of the new family Eurystomatellidae n. fam. The new family is defined by close-set, apically positioned oral membranelles and a dominant buccal field that is surrounded by an almost completely circular paroral membrane. The new genus is defined by having a small oral membranelle 1 (M1), bipartite M2 and well-developed M3, a body surface faintly sculptured with a silverline system in a quadrangular, reticulate pattern and a cytostome located at the anterior third of a large buccal field. The type species of the new genus, Eurystomatella sinica n. sp., is a morphologically unique form that is defined mainly by the combination of a conspicuously flattened body, several caudal cilia, extremely long cilia associated with the buccal apparatus and a contractile vacuole located subcaudally. According to phylogenetic analyses of small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences, Eurystomatella clusters with the genus Cyclidium, as a sister group to the family Pleuronematidae. The great divergence in both buccal and somatic ciliature between Eurystomatella and all other known scuticociliates supports the establishment of a new family for Eurystomatella.

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