SOIL COVER PATTERNS WITH VERTIC SOLONETZ AT THE EAST-EUROPEAN PLAIN

Abstract The soil cover of the forest-steppe and steppe zones of the East European Plain is characterized by diverse soil combinations revealed during large-scale and detailed soil mapping against the background of a traditional zonal sequence of dominant automorphic soils alternating from the north to the south and clearly displayed on small-scale soil maps. The composition, configuration and functioning of particular soil cover patterns are determined by the soil forming factors acting within a given area. The elementary soil areas (detailed scale) and elementary soil cover patterns maps (large scale) of the Central Russian, Kalach, and Volga Uplands are created by both traditional and digital soil mapping methods. Low-contrasting soil combinations with the background Haplic Chernozems (Loamic or Clayic, Pachic) alternating with zooturbated Haplic Chernozems (Loamic or Clayic, Pachic) on convex elements of the microtopography and Luvic Chernozems (Loamic or Clayic, Pachic) on concave elements of the microtopography prevails under conditions of thick clay loamy parent materials and free drainage. Under conditions of shallow embedding by low-permeable clayey sediments, the soil cover includes Chernozems or Chernic Phaeozems with stagnic features in some part of the soil profile or even Mollic Stagnosols. The presence of shrink-swell clays of different ages leads to the formation of Bathyvertic Chernozems, Vertic Chernozems, Vertic Chernic Phaeozems and/or Pellic Vertisols. The presence of soluble salts in the parent material leads to the development of solonetzic soil complexes consisting of Protosodic or Sodic Chernozems and different types of Solonetzes.

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Soil-geographical zonation of Lviv oblast: structure and principles

Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography ◽

10.30970/vgg.2018.52.10191 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 251-265

Author(s):

Stepan Poznyak ◽

Ihor Papish ◽

Halyna Ivaniuk ◽

Taras Yamelynets

Keyword(s):

Spatial Organization ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

East European Plain ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Broadleaf Forest ◽

East European ◽

Mountain Belt ◽

Carpathian Mountain ◽

Soil Cover Structure

The scheme of soil-geographical zonation of Lviv oblast is developed on the principles of structural approach to the spatial organization of soil cover. Criteria for allocation of the ranked taxonomic units, their spatial and genetic properties are qualitative and genetic indicators of soil cover with the analysis of the spatial arrangement of soil combinations and structures. The following taxonomic units are identified in the proposed scheme of soil-geographical zonation: soil-geographic kraina (soil-geographic country), soil-bioclimatic zona/poias (soil-geographic zone/mountain belt), krai (region), okrug (county or mountainous soil region), rayon (district), masyv (massif). A mandatory criterion for all taxonomic units of soil-geographical zonation is the type of soil cover mesostructures (spatial-geometric characteristics of elemental soil areals and their spatial structures, as well as the dominated class of soil combinations). Two soil-geographic kraina (countries) are identified within Lviv oblast: the East European Plain and the Carpathians; three soil-bioclimatic zones: moraine-sander (popilnyakova) zone of mixed forests, broadleaf forest, forest-steppe (loess) and mountain-brownsoil zone; six soil krai: Malopoliskyi, Volynskyi, Roztots’ko-Opilskyi, Zahidnopodilskyi, Peredkarpatskyi highland, the Carpathian mountain; 13 soil counties and 4 regions. Key words: zonation, soil cover structure, zone, krai, okrug, Lviv oblast.

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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHANGING SEDIMENTATION CONDITIONS DURING THE LAST INTERGLACIAL-GLACIAL MACROCYCLE IN THE LOESS AREAS OF THE SOUTHERN EAST EUROPEAN PLAIN (THE AZOV SEA REGION) AND CENTRAL CHINA (LOESS PLATEAU)

Geomorphology RAS ◽

10.15356/0435-4281-2017-1-3-18 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 3-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. A. VELICHKO ◽

T. YANG ◽

A. O. ALEKSEEV ◽

O. K. BORISOVA ◽

P. I. KALININ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Loess Plateau ◽

Central China ◽

East European Plain ◽

Last Interglacial ◽

East European ◽

Azov Sea ◽

Sedimentation Conditions

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Geographical features of forest vegetation reflected at the level of the lower-rank syntaxa (evidence from the Russian part of the Upper Dnieper basin)

Vegetation of Russia ◽

10.31111/vegrus/2017.30.94 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 94-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yu. A. Semenishchenkov

Keyword(s):

Forest Vegetation ◽

East European Plain ◽

Early 20Th Century ◽

Suggested Approach ◽

Central European ◽

Classification Schemes ◽

East European ◽

Lower Rank ◽

Geographical Variations ◽

European Part Of Russia

Phytogeographical features of forest vegetation at the level of lower-rank syntaxa were being discussed in literature since the early 20th century (Cajander, 1903; Sukachev, 1926; Braun-Blanquet, 1964; Kral et al., 1975; Kleopov, 1990; Bulokhov, 2003; Ellenberg, 2009), however, phytocoenologists still have no uniform interpretation and geographical maintenance of lower classification units. Forest vegetation of the European part of Russia is well studied according to Braun-Blanquet approach with association as a system of geographical subassociations. The paper offers the approaches to the reflection of geographical variations of the natural forest vegetation in the basin of the Upper Dnieper (central part of the East European Plain) at the level of lower-rank syntaxa The xeromesophytic oak woods in the basin of the Upper Dnieper belong to the East European ass. Lathyro nigri–Quercetum roboris Bulokhov et Solomeshch 2003. Floristic differentiation of this association from the similar Central European ass. Potentillo-Quercetum is given. These two associations have large blocks of geographically significant differential species that does not allow to consider them as a part of one association. The suggested approach allows to define the chorological content of units of lower syntaxonomical ranks and make regional classification schemes comparable to each other.

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Eastern Europe’s “Transitional Industry”?: Deconstructing the Early Streletskian

Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology ◽

10.1007/s41982-021-00076-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

R. Dinnis ◽

A. Bessudnov ◽

N. Reynolds ◽

T. Devièse ◽

A. Dudin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Modern Human ◽

East European Plain ◽

Upper Palaeolithic ◽

Radiocarbon Dates ◽

East European ◽

Archaeological Material ◽

Younger Age ◽

Layer V ◽

Precise Relationship ◽

Early Upper

AbstractThe Streletskian is central to understanding the onset of the Upper Palaeolithic on the East European Plain. Early Streletskian assemblages are frequently seen as marking the Neanderthal-anatomically modern human (AMH) anthropological transition, as well as the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic archaeological transition. The age of key Streletskian assemblages, however, remains unclear, and there are outstanding questions over how they relate to Middle and Early Upper Palaeolithic facies. The three oldest Streletskian layers—Kostenki 1 Layer V, Kostenki 6 and Kostenki 12 Layer III—were excavated by A. N. Rogachev in the mid-20th century. Here, we re-examine these layers in light of problems noted during Rogachev’s campaigns and later excavations. Layer V in the northern part of Kostenki 1 is the most likely assemblage to be unmixed. A new radiocarbon date of 35,100 ± 500 BP (OxA- X-2717-21) for this assemblage agrees with Rogachev’s stratigraphic interpretation and contradicts later claims of a younger age. More ancient radiocarbon dates for Kostenki 1 Layer V are from areas lacking diagnostic Streletskian points. The Kostenki 6 assemblage’s stratigraphic context is extremely poor, but new radiocarbon dates are consistent with Rogachev’s view that the archaeological material was deposited prior to the CI tephra (i.e. >34.3 ka BP). Multiple lines of evidence indicate that Kostenki 12 Layer III contains material of different ages. Despite some uncertainty over the precise relationship between the dated sample and diagnostic lithic material, Kostenki 1 Layer V (North) therefore currently provides the best age estimate for an early Streletskian context. This age is younger than fully Upper Palaeolithic assemblages elsewhere at Kostenki. Other “Streletskian” assemblages and Streletskian points from younger contexts at Kostenki are briefly reviewed, with possible explanations for their chronostratigraphic distribution considered. We caution that the cultural taxon Streletskian should not be applied to assemblages based simply on the presence of bifacially worked artefacts.

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