scholarly journals PILICA Anti-Aircraft Rocket-Artillery System - a V-SHROAD System

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Dariusz DOMOŃ ◽  
Stanisław DUDA ◽  
Maciej ŁABNO
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Training System ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
System A ◽  
Control Console ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

The PILICA Anti-Aircraft Rocket-Artillery System has been developed for the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland. The PILICA Anti-Aircraft Rocket-Artillery System is composed of: The Command and Control station, the Radiolocating station, six Firing Units along with Artillery Tractors, two Transport Vehicles, and two Ammunition Vehicles. PILICA's task is that of detecting, recognising, and identifying objects, then automatically dividing the tasks and commands for efficient elimination. PILICA’s Firing Unit has autonomous-mode target detection, identification and elimination capabilities (without cooperating with Command and Control) using equipment such as its optoelectronic head and IFF system. In the system operation mode and in cooperation with Command and Control, the Firing Unit and its subsystems ensure the reception of commands/combat tasks in its fire responsibility zone, as well as reporting statuses and the completion of the given combat tasks. Reporting and command reception from the Command and Control station is automated. The Firing Unit can fire using its automatic tracking system, or when operated in manual mode. The Firing unit has been equipped with a portable remote control console, providing the ability to use it remotely. In case of a power supply malfunction in the Firing Unit, it is possible to use it entirely manually, with the use of artillery weapons. The Firing Unit is equipped with a stabilised, optoelectronic day-night head that enables it to work independently of the weapons when it comes to observation and detecting, as well as identifying, objects. The head constitutes not only an element of the guidance system, but also a source of information for the entire System, as the data on the detected and observed objects is exchanged within the entire command network. PILICA is equipped with an unique formation and training system, providing capabilities for training teams on real equipment, with the use of a virtual simulation management system employing the DIS protocol.

scholarly journals Contemporary conditions of organization and functioning of the Command and Control System of the Polish Armed Forces

2019 ◽  
Vol 194 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-809
Author(s):  
Marek Strzoda ◽  
Dariusz Szkoluda
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Strategic Defense ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Defense ◽  
And Control ◽  
Command And Control System

The Command and Control System of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland constitutes an essential element of the State Defense System. Its primary function is to enable decision-makers and commanders at all levels to make decisions and to create systems of actions that, in the course of the operation, achieve strategic, operational and tactical goals. Various external factors and internal conditions influence the structure and then the functioning of this system. This system is subject to continuous evaluation and, consequently, changes that are to lead to its improvement, so that the assumed goals are achieved efficiently and effectively. The article discusses three groups of conditions directly, and with certain factors indirectly, affecting the organization of the command and control system as well as its functioning. The first one concerns the change in the nature of modern security threats. With regard to the short characterization of hybrid activities, subliminal actions, and asymmetric threats, it was indicated how they determine the requirements regarding the organization and functioning of the Armed Forces Command and Command System adequate to such situations. The findings of the 2016 Strategic Defense Review and its result document – the Defense Concept of the Republic of Poland constitute the second group of factors. In the consequence of strategic analysis, the conclusions and recommendations included in the Concept should be taken into account when introducing changes to the command and control system. In the last part, it was pointed out how the decision to establish the Territorial Defense Forces (WOT) and the organizational assumptions resulting from it concerning their structure, tasks, and rules of operation influenced the changes in the Command and control System of the Polish Armed Forces. The conditions presented in particular parts of the study should be considered during the forecasted and partially implemented organizational and functional improvements to the Polish Armed Forces Command and control System.

WHETHER THE CHANGE IN COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND, INTRODUCED ON JANUARY 1ST 2014 ABOLISHED THE PRINCIPLE OF ONE-MAN COMMAND IN PEACETIME?

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Hanna RUTKIEWICZ
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control ◽  
Command And Control System

Z dniem 1 stycznia 2014 r. weszła w życie ustawa z dnia 21 czerwca 2013 r. o zmianie ustawy o urzędzie Ministra Obrony Narodowej oraz niektórych innych ustaw, która wprowadziła dość radykalne zmiany w „pokojowym” (obowiązującym poza czasem wojny) systemie kierowania, a w szczególności dowodzenia Siłami Zbrojnymi Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Od tej daty w Siłach Zbrojnych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na najwyższym szczeblu dowodzenia nie obowiązuje, przynajmniej w czasie pokoju, zasada jednoosobowego dowodzenia, czego nie wyartykułowano w uzasadnieniu projektu wspomnianej ustawy. Wyklucza ją ustawowe usytuowanie na tym szczeblu hierarchii organizacyjnej trzech najwyższych dowódców, właściwych rzeczowo w określonych sferach, niepozostających wobec siebie w hierarchicznej podległości służbowej. Nie pozwala na zmianę tego stanu przyznanie Szefowi Sztabu Generalnego Wojska Polskiego określonych bardzo ogólnikowo i wywiedzionych dopiero w drodze interpretacji zapisu ustawowego kompetencji nadzorczych względem Dowódcy Generalnego Rodzajów Sił Zbrojnych i Dowódcy Operacyjnego Rodzajów Sił Zbrojnych. Żadnego z tych dowódców regulacje ustawowe nie uprawniają do dowodzenia pozostałymi. Nie można przyjąć, by powszechnie artykułowana i aprobowana zasada cywilnej kontroli nad armią oznaczała przypisanie cywilnemu ministrowi kompetencji dowodzenia, a nie kierowania, armią. Można natomiast stwierdzić, że zasada jednoosobowego dowodzenia została zachowana w obszarach przyporządkowanych odpowiednio: Szefowi Sztabu Generalnego Wojska Polskiego, Dowódcy Generalnemu Rodzajów Sił Zbrojnych, Dowódcy Operacyjnemu Rodzajów Sił Zbrojnych, gdy chodzi o dowodzenie każdego z nich w swoim obszarze.

scholarly journals The Commander-in-Chief in Command and Control System of the Republic of Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Malwina Ewa Kołodziejczak
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Martial Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
And Control ◽  
Commander In Chief ◽  
Command And Control System

Abstract The Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in the Republic of Poland is one of the main authorities in wartime. But, in Polish legal acts it is not completely clear when the Commander-in-Chief should be appointed. According to Polish law, the Commander-in-Chief shall be appointed in certain situations - for the duration of the war and (sometimes) in the martial law period. In this paper the author will describe these situations and analyse the provisions of his functioning in peace time and in war. Also, it should be noted, that today in Poland decision-makers adopted some very important changes in the Act of 21 November 1967 - Universal duty to defend the Republic of Poland. These changes are to be basis for new rules for the functioning of the Commanderin- Chief and it is a result of the reform of the command and control system. But, the problem is that some parts of legislation were challenged in the Constitutional Court and the case is pending… Every single act of the packet might be not in accordance with the Act of Constitution.

The Minipterional Craniotomy: Technical Description and Anatomic Assessment

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. ONS256-ONS265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eberval G. Figueiredo ◽  
Pushpa Deshmukh ◽  
Peter Nakaji ◽  
Marcelo U. Crusius ◽  
Neil Crawford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Guidance ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
System A ◽  
Surgical Exposure ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Tissue Trauma

Abstract Objective: To describe a modification of the pterional approach (PT), the minipterional craniotomy (MPT), and compare the anatomic exposure provided by these two approaches. Methods: The anatomic exposure offered by the MPT and PT were compared in eight sides of cadaver heads using a computerized tracking system, a robotic microscope, and an image-guidance system. The area of surgical exposure, angular exposure, and anatomic limits of each craniotomy were evaluated. Three recently operated clinical cases (EGF) are also reported. Results: There were no statistical differences in the total area of surgical exposure between the two craniotomies (PT, 1524.7 ± 305 mm2; MPT, 1469.7 ± 380.3 mm2; P > 0.05) or among the ipsilateral, middle, and contralateral components of the area (P > 0.05). There were no differences in angular exposure along the longitudinal and transverse axis angles for the three selected targets, the bifurcations of internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries, and the anterior communicating artery (P > 0.05). Except for the distal portion of the operculoinsular compartment of the sylvian fissure, no significant differences in the limits of the surgical exposure through the PT and MPT were apparent on the image-guidance system. Conclusion: The MPT craniotomy provides comparable surgical exposure to that offered by the PT. The advantages of the MPT include reduction of tissue trauma and bony removal, a decrease in surgical time, and improved cosmetic outcomes.

The ROK-U.S. Combined Command and Control System and Crisis Management Procedures

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-172
Author(s):  
Taeyoung Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Command And Control System

This article seeks to examine the development of the ROK-U.S. combined command and control system and crisis management procedures in South Korea. In particular, it explores the four crises which occurred between 1968 and 1999 in order to identify its implications for the ROK-U.S. combined crisis management. During a crisis, command and control over the armed forces are critical issues, in order to co-ordinate military movements and alert operations in the context of overall crisis objectives. Within the ROK-U.S. alliance, the ROK command and control chain of armed forces was highly integrated with the command and control chains of the UNC until 1978 and with the CFC from 1978. This CFC combined command structure has enabled the ROK to participate in the chain of operational control of its own forces and to strengthen its position in the ROK-U.S. combined crisis management procedures. Although both co-operated closely to cope with Korean crises in the past, there were some tensions in the use of military force and in the co-ordination of the detailed operational dimension of military operations. However, it can be argued that as long as the ROK crisis objectives and strategy were achieved through a consensus of alliance crisis options, these arrangements provided an effective crisis management system for ROK to resolve Korean crises. To some extent, the combined crisis management system enabled ROK to use America's massive military and intelligence capabilities to deter North Korea and to manage crises effectively. In the face of an era of transition and transformation in the ROK-U.S. alliance relationships following the September 11 2001, the ROK and U.S. need to minimise potential negative effects on combined crisis management system and maintain coherent deterrence capability and alliance stability on the Korean peninsula.

scholarly journals STROKOVNA NADREJENOST NA PODROČJU UPRAVLJANJA KOMUNIKACIJSKO- -INFORMACIJSKIH SISTEMOV V SLOVENSKI VOJSKI

2012 ◽  
pp. 123-136
Author(s):  
BOJAN ZEVNIK
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
System Management ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Professional Field ◽  
Information System Management ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
And Control ◽  
General Adoption

Za učinkovito izvajanje namena in poslanstva Slovenske vojske je najpomembnejša urejenost medsebojnih razmerij znotraj nje. Ta temeljijo na poveljevanju in kontroli z natančno razmejitvijo vloge nadrejenosti in podrejenosti. Osnova učinkovitosti teh vlog je v enostavnosti, da ima vsak podrejeni le enega neposredno nadrejenega ter da vsak nadrejeni daje naloge svojim neposredno podrejenim in nadzoruje njihovo izvajanje. Medsebojna razmerja podrobno opredeljujejo tako vojaški normativni predpisi kot tudi vojaški doktrinarni dokumenti. Kršitve se sankcionirajo. Na strokovnem področju obvladovanja komunikacijsko-informacijskih sistemov se je v zadnjih letih poleg neposredne nadrejenosti začel uporabljati termin strokovna nadrejenost. Čeprav uporabe in namena tega pojma vojaški normativni akti ne urejajo niti ne opredeljujejo, se je sčasoma začel uporabljati tudi v aktih poveljeva- nja in kontrole. Nedorečenost uporabe in njegovo vsesplošno sprejemanje posledič- no povzročata nastajanje novih, neformalnih medsebojnih odnosov. Drugačni med- sebojni odnosi od predvidenih pa so za vojaško organizacijo, katere učinkovitost temelji na rutini, povelju in izvrševanju povelja, lahko vzrok za zmanjševanje njene učinkovitosti. The regulation of mutual relations within the organisation is of ultimate impor- tance for an effective implementation of the purpose and mission of the Slovenian Armed Forces. These relations are based on command and control with precise limi- tations drawn between superiority and subordination. The basic efficiency of these roles lies in the simplicity of each superior having only one immediate subordina- te, assigning tasks to their immediate subordinates and controlling their realisation. Mutual relations are defined in detail in military normative regulations as well as in military doctrinal documents. All breaches are penalised. In the professional field of communication and information system management, the term professional superiority has in the recent years been added to the term immediate superiority. Even though the use and aim of this term are not regulated nor defined by military legal acts, it has eventually been introduced to the acts of command and control. The undefined nature of usage and its general adoption have thus triggered the emergence of new, informal mutual relations. However, mutual relations that differ from those foreseen can reduce the efficiency of a military organisation, where efficiency depends on routine, command and execution of commands.

scholarly journals Spatial data quality in multi-criterial analysis for decision making process

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Vaclav Talhofer ◽  
Šárka Hošková-Mayerová
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Spatial Data Quality ◽  
Geographic Environment ◽  
Data Files ◽  
And Control

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Multi-criterial analysis is becoming one of the main methods for evaluation of influence of geographic environment on human activity, or human activity on geographic environment, respectively. Analysis results are often used in command and control systems, especially in armed forces and units of rescue systems. For analyses, digital geographic data – whose quality significantly influences the reached results – are used. Visualization of results of analyses in command and control systems are usually thematic layers over raster images of topographic maps. That is why this visualization must correspond to cartographic principles used for the creation of thematic maps. The article presents problems that an analyst encounters within the evaluation of the quality of the used data, performance of the analysis itself as well as preparation of data files for their transfer and publishing in command and control systems.</p>

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