scholarly journals Status of Paliga auratalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) as black potato pest and its control strategy using natural enemies: Paliga auratalis moth as black potato pest in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Erniwati Erniwati ◽  
◽  
Tiara Sayusti ◽  
Woro Anggraitoningsih Noerdjito ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Potato Culture ◽  
The Status

Plectranthus rotundifolius is an edible tuber that widely distributed in Asia, covers India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Plectranthus rotundifolius which commonly called as black potato in Indonesia is potential to be developed for national food diversification due to its high carbohydrates. However, one of challenges in black potato culture is the existence of moth pest infected the plants. This study was aimed to evaluate the status of Paliga auratalis moth as an insect pest in black potato plant and to develop the countermeasure strategy through its natural enemies. Observation and collection of P. auratalis and other potential insect pests was conducted in 12 black potato plantations located in five provinces of Java Island. The life cycle of P. auratalis was observed in the laboratory of Zoology Division, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science. Rearing of unhealthy P. auratalis larvae was also conducted to observe its natural enemies. We identified five species of moths infested black potato plants i.e.: Argyrograma sp., Pycnarmon cribat, Pleuroptya punctimarginalis, Rehimena diemenalis, and Paliga auratalis. Based on our observation, we confirmed that. P. auratalis is the main insect pest in Java Island with serious stack status. P. auratalis spend its lifecycle from eggs to adult between 25 – 32 days with the total eggs about 60-80 per female individual. We also identified two parasitic wasps as the natural enemies of P.auratalis i.e.: Aspanteles sp. and Cryptopimpla sp. which are potential to be a biological control agents of P. auratalis.

scholarly journals A Review of Interactions between Insect Biological Control Agents and Semiochemicals

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamika Sharma ◽  
Ramandeep Kaur Sandhi ◽  
Gadi V. P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Insect Pheromones ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Trap Crops

Biological control agents and semiochemicals have become essential parts of the integrated pest management of insect pests over recent years, as the incorporation of semiochemicals with natural enemies and entomopathogenic microbials has gained significance. The potential of insect pheromones to attract natural enemies has mainly been established under laboratory conditions, while semiochemicals from plants have been used to attract and retain natural enemies in field conditions using strategies such as trap crops and the push–pull mechanism. The best-known semiochemicals are those used for parasitoids–insect pest–plant host systems. Semiochemicals can also aid in the successful dispersal of entomopathogenic microbials. The use of semiochemicals to disseminate microbial pathogens is still at the initial stage, especially for bacterial and viral entomopathogens. Future studies should focus on the integration of semiochemicals into management strategies for insects, for which several semiochemical compounds have already been studied. More effective formulations of microbial agents, such as granular formulations of entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs), along with bio-degradable trap materials, could improve this strategy. Furthermore, more studies to evaluate species-specific tactics may be needed, especially where more than one key pest is present.

scholarly journals Diversity of the Anisoptera & Zygoptera (Odonata: Insecta) of Swat, Pakistan

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Attaullah ◽  
I. Ullah ◽  
M. Ali ◽  
F. Maula ◽  
I. Ilahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Disease Vectors ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
The Status ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Pantala Flavescens

Abstract Odonates are important biological control agents for the control of insect pests and insect disease vectors of medical and veterinary importance. The present study was conducted to evaluate the odonate fauna of Swat, Pakistan from March to October 2019. A total of 200 specimens of odonates were collected from diverse habitats. The collected specimens of the order Odonata belonged to 5 families, three families of suborder Anisoptera namely Libellulidae, Gomphidae and Aeshnidae while two families of suborder Zygoptera (Chlorocyphidae and Coenagrionidae). The specimens were categorized into 12 genera and 22 species. Libellulidae was the dominant family (n = 138) accounting for 69% of the odonate fauna. Orthetrum was the dominant genus (n = 73) of suborder Anisoptera accounting for 36.5% of the odonate fauna. The least dominant genera were Anax, Paragomphus and Rhyothemis (n = 5 each) accounting each for 2.5% of the odonate fauna. In Zygoptera, the dominant genus was Ceriagrion (12.5%) and the least dominant genus was Ischnura (6%). Pantala flavescens (Fabricius, 1798) was the most abundant odonate species in the study area recorded from all surveyed habitats. Shannon Diversity Index (H) was 2.988 and Simpson Diversity Index (D) was 0.95 for the collected odonate fauna. The highest abundance of Odonata was recorded in August, September and May while no odonate species were recorded in January, February, November and December. Lotic water bodies were the most suitable habitats with abundant odonate fauna. Anax immaculifrons (Rambur, 1842) was the largest sized odonate species having a wingspan of 53.2±1.63 mm and body length of 56.3 ± 0.4 mm. The present study shows the status of odonate fauna of Swat, Pakistan in diverse habitats and seasonsonal variation throughout the year. Further work is recommended to bridge the gaps in the existing literature.

Nematodes and the Biological Control of Insect Pests

1993 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Insect Pest Control ◽  
Biological Control Of Insects ◽  
Increasing Demand

Environmental and public health problems arising from the use of chemical insecticides have led to an increasing demand for alternatives for insect pest control. Together with this, widespread public concern resulting in governmental bans on many of the most effective insecticides and development of insecticide resistance has severely reduced the range of useful insecticides available. Alternative control measures such as the biological control of pest insects with parasitoids and predators and microbial biocides have been in field use for several decades. Although these alternatives are being continually improved, most insect pests are nonetheless still controlled with chemical insecticides. This book presents the latest work on the biological control of insects using nematodes; it covers a range of topics that will help provide a better understanding of the potential problems involved in developing these nematodes as biological control agents. Nematodes infect hundreds of different species from most orders of insects and affect their insect hosts in a variety of ways.

Natural enemies and forest pest management

1991 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Nealis
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Forest Insect ◽  
Forest Practices

Forest insect pest management differs from pest management in other renewable-resource industries because of the relative complexity and stability of the forest environment. An important component of this complexity is the rich fauna of natural enemies attacking most forest insect pests. Understanding the relationship between forest insect pests and their natural enemies would permit better insight into the dynamics of pest populations.The active release of natural enemies in inoculative or inundative release strategies is a direct application of biological control to pest management. The conservation of resident natural enemies is an indirect biological control method with great potential. Knowledge of the ecology of natural enemies can be used to modify other forest practices such as reforestation and insecticide use to conserve or enhance the action of natural enemies.

Importation of Biological Control Agents

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 122-122
Author(s):  
J.S. Kelleher
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Control Information ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Commonwealth Institute ◽  
Research Institute

The introduction of natural enemies of an insect pest from foreign countries is one method of biological control which relies on the addition of missing factors to increase pest mortality. The Research Institute, Belleville is the Canadian agent that obtains and provides biological control information and material required anywhere in Canada from foreign countries. This is usually done through the Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control.

Entomopathogenic nematodes: A tool in biocontrol of insect pests of vegetables-A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gitanjali Devi ◽  
Dhrubajyoti Nath
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Identification Technique

Biological control agents have become increasingly important component in integrated pest management programme. Entomopathogenic nematodes are effective biological control agents for many important insect pests of vegetable crops. Therefore entomopathogenic nematodes are gaining attention in the field of biocontrol research worldwide. With the development and improvement of isolation and identification technique many novel species and strains have been utilized for management of several insect pests. This review aims to explore the potentiality of entomopathogenic nematode species against economically important insect pest of vegetables in India as well as in other countries.

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Cuda ◽  
Patricia Prade ◽  
Carey R. Minteer-Killian
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Pepper Tree ◽  
Brazilian Pepper ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

scholarly journals Factors influencing the occurrence of fall armyworm parasitoids in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léna Durocher-Granger ◽  
Tibonge Mfune ◽  
Monde Musesha ◽  
Alyssa Lowry ◽  
Kathryn Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Interest In Research

AbstractInvasive alien species have environmental, economic and social impacts, disproportionally threatening livelihood and food security of smallholder farmers in low- and medium-income countries. Fall armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda), an invasive insect pest from the Americas, causes considerable losses on maize to smallholder farmers in Africa since 2016. The increased use of pesticides to control FAW in Africa raises concerns for health and environmental risks resulting in a growing interest in research on biological control options for smallholder farmers. In order to evaluate the occurrence of local natural enemies attacking FAW, we collected on a weekly basis FAW eggs and larvae during a maize crop cycle in the rainy season of 2018–2019 at four locations in the Lusaka and Central provinces in Zambia. A total of 4373 larvae and 162 egg masses were collected. For each location and date of collection, crop stage, the number of plants checked and amount of damage were recorded to analyse which factors best explain the occurrence of the natural enemy species on maize. Overall parasitism rates from local natural enemies at each location varied between 8.45% and 33.11%. We identified 12 different egg-larval, larval and larval-pupal parasitoid species. Location, maize growth stage, pest density and larval stage significantly affected parasitoid species occurrence. Our findings indicate that there is potential for increasing local populations of natural enemies of FAW through conservation biological control programmes and develop safe and practical control methods for smallholder farmers.

scholarly journals Development and reproduction of Podisus distinctus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed on larva of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Lacerda ◽  
A. M. R. M. Ferreira ◽  
T. V. Zanuncio ◽  
J. C. Zanuncio ◽  
A. S. Bernardino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae ◽  
Bombyx Mori L ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Biological control has been reducing the use of chemical products against insect pests, specially predatory Pentatomidae. Species of this group can present high variations in their life cycle as a result of their diet. Thus, the objective of this research was to study nymph development and reproduction of Podisus distinctus (Stäl, 1860) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed on Bombyx mori L., 1758 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) larvae (T1), compared to those fed on Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) (T2) and Musca domestica L., 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae) larvae (T3) at a temperature of 25 ± 0.5ºC, relative humidity of 70 ± 2%, and photophase of 12 h. Predators fed on B. mori showed duration of the nymph phase (18.68 ± 1.02) similar to those fed on T. molitor (18.32 ± 1.49). Pre-oviposition and oviposition periods and number of egg masses, besides eggs and nymphs per female, were higher with B. mori (5.83 ± 2.02; 15.00 ± 7.40; 8.42 ± 1.84; 296.69 ± 154.75; and 228.55 ± 141.04, respectively) while longevity of males and females of P. distinctus was 25.76 ± 16.15 and 35.00 ± 16.15 days with T. molitor, and 20.57 ± 13.60 and 23.46 ± 12.35 days with B. mori, respectively.

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