scholarly journals Evaluation of sugar yeast consumption by measuring electrical medium resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín L. Zamora ◽  
Gabriel A. Ruiz ◽  
Carmelo J. Felice
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
New Method ◽  
Stainless Steel Electrode ◽  
Yeast Suspension ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
Counter Electrodes ◽  
Steel Electrode ◽  
Medium Resistance ◽  
Novel Method

Abstract The real-time monitoring of alcoholic fermentation (sugar consumption) is very important in industrial processes. Several techniques (i.e., using a biosensor) have been proposed to realize this goal. In this work, we propose a new method to follow sugar yeast consumption. This novel method is based on the changes in the medium resistance (Rm) that are induced by the CO2 bubbles produced during a fermentative process. We applied a 50-mV and 700-Hz signal to 75 ml of a yeast suspension in a tripolar cell. A gold electrode was used as the working electrode, whereas an Ag/AgCl electrode and a stainless-steel electrode served as the reference and counter electrodes, respectively. We then added glucose to the yeast suspension and obtained a 700% increase in the Rm after 8 minutes. The addition of sucrose instead of glucose as the carbon source resulted in a 1200% increase in the Rm. To confirm that these changes are the result of CO2 bubbles in the fermentation medium, we designed a tetrapolar cell in which CO2 gas was insufflated at the bottom of the cell and concluded that the changes were due to CO2 bubbles produced during the fermentation. Consequently, this new method is a low-cost and rapid technology to follow the sugar consumption in yeast.

A novel technique for fabricating an ear prosthesis in a patient with congenital ear deformity

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Mardani ◽  
Gholamreza Aminian ◽  
Farhad Tabatabaian ◽  
Mokhtar Arazpour ◽  
Stephen W Hutchins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
New Method ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Ear Deformity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Novel Method

Background and aim: Microtia is one of the forms of ear loss and deformity. A prosthesis that is simple to apply, and which has adequate suspension and acceptable aesthetics, can be useful in the rehabilitation of patients with this deficit and can improve the social and psychological effects of patients with ear amputation. The aim of this article was to describe a novel technique for fabricating ear prosthesis in a patient with congenital ear deformity. Technique: This method involves a novel method to produce an ear prosthesis using clips that were located within the layers of the final silicone ear. Discussion: This study demonstrated ease of use and acceptance by the patient. Design and fabrication of silicone ear prosthesis via this new method of suspension could also be suitable for provision to children with ear microtia who are not yet suitable for surgery or would not be suited to other methods of suspension. Clinical relevance The new method of suspension demonstrated that this approach could be used to provide low cost and acceptable silicone ear prosthesis for patients with microtia and partial ear amputation.

scholarly journals Clustering-Based Component Fraction Estimation in Solid–Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Dredging Engineering

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5697
Author(s):  
Chang Sun ◽  
Shihong Yue ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Huaxiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
New Method ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Reference Distribution ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Solid Liquid

Component fraction (CF) is one of the most important parameters in multiple-phase flow. Due to the complexity of the solid–liquid two-phase flow, the CF estimation remains unsolved both in scientific research and industrial application for a long time. Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is an advanced type of conductivity detection technique due to its low-cost, fast-response, non-invasive, and non-radiation characteristics. However, when the existing ERT method is used to measure the CF value in solid–liquid two-phase flow in dredging engineering, there are at least three problems: (1) the dependence of reference distribution whose CF value is zero; (2) the size of the detected objects may be too small to be found by ERT; and (3) there is no efficient way to estimate the effect of artifacts in ERT. In this paper, we proposed a method based on the clustering technique, where a fast-fuzzy clustering algorithm is used to partition the ERT image to three clusters that respond to liquid, solid phases, and their mixtures and artifacts, respectively. The clustering algorithm does not need any reference distribution in the CF estimation. In the case of small solid objects or artifacts, the CF value remains effectively computed by prior information. To validate the new method, a group of typical CF estimations in dredging engineering were implemented. Results show that the new method can effectively overcome the limitations of the existing method, and can provide a practical and more accurate way for CF estimation.

A novel method for synthesis of low-cost Ti-Al-C-based cermets

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hendaoui ◽  
D. Vrel ◽  
A. Amara ◽  
P. Langlois ◽  
M. Guérioune
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Novel Method

On-Chip Fabrication of None-Dead-Volume Microtips for ESI-MS Applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 121-123 ◽  
pp. 611-614
Author(s):  
Che Hsin Lin ◽  
Jen Taie Shiea ◽  
Yen Lieng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Dead Volume ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Rapid Fabrication ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Highly Uniform

This paper proposes a novel method to on-chip fabricate a none-dead-volume microtip for ESI-MS applications. The microfluidic chip and ESI tip are fabricated in low-cost plastic based materials using a simple and rapid fabrication process. A constant-speed-pulling method is developed to fabricate the ESI tip by pulling mixed PMMA glue using a 30-μm stainless wire through the pre-formed microfluidic channel. The equilibrium of surface tension of PMMA glue will result in a sharp tip after curing. A highly uniform micro-tip can be formed directly at the outlet of the microfluidic channel with minimum dead-volume zone. Detection of caffeine, myoglobin, lysozyme and cytochrome C biosamples confirms the microchip device can be used for high resolution ESI-MS applications.

scholarly journals Strategic Team AI Path Plans: Probabilistic Pathfinding

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tng C. H. John ◽  
Edmond C. Prakash ◽  
Narendra S. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
New Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Plan Generation ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Games And Simulations

This paper proposes a novel method to generate strategic team AI pathfinding plans for computer games and simulations using probabilistic pathfinding. This method is inspired by genetic algorithms (Russell and Norvig, 2002), in that, a fitness function is used to test the quality of the path plans. The method generates high-quality path plans by eliminating the low-quality ones. The path plans are generated by probabilistic pathfinding, and the elimination is done by a fitness test of the path plans. This path plan generation method has the ability to generate variation or different high-quality paths, which is desired for games to increase replay values. This work is an extension of our earlier work on team AI: probabilistic pathfinding (John et al., 2006). We explore ways to combine probabilistic pathfinding and genetic algorithm to create a new method to generate strategic team AI pathfinding plans.

scholarly journals Invasive Electrical Impedance Tomography for Blood Vessel Detection

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ørjan G. Martinsen ◽  
Håvard Kalvøy ◽  
Sverre Grimnes ◽  
Bernt Nordbotten ◽  
Per Kristian Hol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Impedance Tomography ◽  
Blood Vessel Detection ◽  
Vessel Detection ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Controlled Reperfusion

We present a novel method for localization of large blood vessels using a bioimpedance based needle positioning system on an array of ten monopolar needle electrodes. The purpose of the study is to develop a portable, low cost tool for rapid vascular access for cooling and controlled reperfusion of cardiac arrest patients. Preliminary results show that localization of blood vessels is feasible with this method, but larger studies are necessary to improve the technology.

scholarly journals A novel method for rapid and quantitative detection of bisphenol A in urine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Rutkowska ◽  
Aleksandra Olsson ◽  
Jacek Namieśnik ◽  
Andrzej Milewicz ◽  
Jan Krzysztof Ludwicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

Bisphenol A (BPA) is classified as an endocrine disruptor (ED) and it can interact with variety of hormone receptors leading to hormonal disruption and increased risk of various adverse health effects. Reducing human exposure to BPA is one of the main challenges of public health, as it is constantly present in daily life. A low-cost and commonly applied method to enable determination of BPA in the patient's body has yet to be developed. Currently available techniques are expensive, time-consuming, and require access to highly equipped analytical chemistry laboratories. Here we describe a fast and cheap engineered lateral flow assay of our design, to detect of BPA in urine samples. The technology not only provides an opportunity to perform rapid medical diagnostics without the need for an access to the central laboratory but also a means for self-diagnosis by the patient. The addition of β-glucuronidase improves the sensitivity of detection as it releases the free BPA from glucuronide complexes in urine. This invention may become a demonstrated analytical means for lowering human exposure to BPA and probably also to other EDs and consequently, may be useful in decrease of the risk for several lifestyle diseases.

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