Use of Medications for Anxiety and Depression and Associated Factors in Undergraduate Pharmacy Students

Background and Objective. Anxiety is an emotional and behavioral disorder that may disturb the student’s quality of learning and its outcome. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors among pharmacy students at a university in Saudi Arabia. Methods. We used a cross-sectional design, and data collection was carried out over a period of two months from September 2018 to November 2018 using paper-based self-administered questionnaires. The General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale was used to measure and classify anxiety among the study participants. Results. The prevalence of anxiety among pharmacy students was 49% (83 students); 44 students (25.9%) had mild anxiety, while 24 (14.1%) students had moderate anxiety, and 15 (8.8%) severe anxiety. There were statistically significant differences in anxiety scores according to faculty type ( p = 0.2 ) and nutritional status ( p = 0.4 ). Conclusion. The findings of this study revealed that half of the pharmacy students suffered from anxiety incidence during their studies at the university. However, the majority of them are experiencing mild to moderate. This may have a significant impact on academic performance and necessitates special attention.

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Academic Stress, Anxiety and Depression among the Students of Armed Forces Medical College, Dhaka Cantonment

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jafmc.v12i1.39974 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 79-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Molla Muntasir Hossain ◽

Md Abdul Wahab

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Medical Students ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Academic Stress ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Medical College

Introduction: Study in Medical College can act as a contributing factor in developing depression in medical students which may have possible negative academic and professional consequences. Study in any medical course is perceived as being inherently stressful across the globe. Studies on psychological problems such as academic stress, anxiety and depression among medical students have seen that these disorders are under diagnosed and under treated. In this background the present study was carried out with an aim to assess the magnitude of depression and its associated factors in medical students in AFMC. Objective: To find out the prevalence of depressive symptoms and its associated factors among the students of Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was carried out in AFMC, Dhaka, Bangladesh for a period from February to April 2014. A total of 211 students studying from 1styear to 4th year MBBS participated in the study. Depression was assessed by Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) scoring was used to find out the level of depression. BDI scoring 0-10 was considered as normal ups and downs, 11-20 as mild depression, 21-30 as moderate depression, 31-40 as severe depression and more than 40 as extreme depression. Additional questions regarding socio demographic variables were also included. Data analysis was done by software SPSS 19 for windows. Results: A total of 211 students participated in the study. Among them 86(40.8%) students were reported as having mild to moderate depressive symptoms. Depression was very significantly (p<0.001) higher in 1st year 55(83.3%) than 2nd year 25(38.46%), 3rd year 03(5.45%) and 4th year 03(12%) students. Depression was significantly (p<0.05) higher in Non English Medium background 82(38.8%) than English Medium background 04(1.9%). Conclusion: Depression may be a significant hidden problem for few of the Medical students and mechanisms to identify and help students with mental health problems should be seriously considered. This calls for in-house counseling service and mentorship program at medical colleges for early detection and treatment of these problems that may help in the improvement of academic performance. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(1) 2016: 79-82

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Prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression among patients with chronic respiratory diseases in eight general hospitals in Jiangsu Province of China: A cross-sectional study

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.070 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 251 ◽

pp. 48-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xianmei Zhou ◽

Jiashu Li ◽

Wei Gu ◽

Jian Wang ◽

Yimin Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Jiangsu Province ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Hospitals ◽

Chronic Respiratory Diseases

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Prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.e20718 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e20718-e20718

Author(s):

Hye Sook Han ◽

Jung Hwa Chung ◽

Jihyun Kwon ◽

Ki Hyeong Lee ◽

Seung Taik Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Anxiety And Depression

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Comorbid anxiety and depression: Prevalence and associated factors among pregnant women in Arba Minch zuria district, Gamo zone, southern Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0248331 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0248331

Author(s):

Agegnehu Bante ◽

Abera Mersha ◽

Zerihun Zerdo ◽

Biresaw Wassihun ◽

Tomas Yeheyis

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Health Problems ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

P Value ◽

Medical Illness ◽

Comorbid Anxiety

IntroductionPrenatal anxiety and depression are major health problems all over the world. The negative sequela of prenatal comorbid anxiety and depression (CAD) has been suggested to be higher than that of anxiety or depression alone. CAD increases the odds of preterm birth, low birth weight, prolonged labor, operative deliveries, postpartum psychiatric disorders and long term cognitive impairment for the newborn. Despite its significant ill consequences, there is a dearth of studies in low-and middle-income countries. So far, to the best of our knowledge, no study assessed the prevalence of CAD in Ethiopia. Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess CAD and associated factors among pregnant women in Arba Minch Zuria district, Gamo zone, southern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 676 pregnant women from January 01 to November 30, 2019. Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scales were used to assess depression and anxiety respectively. The data were collected electronically using an open data kit (ODK) collect android application and analyzed using Stata version 15.0. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with CAD using binary logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05.ResultsA total of 667 women were involved. The prevalence of CAD was 10.04% [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.76, 12.33]. Being married [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.16, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.56], categorized in the highest wealth quintile [AOR: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.17, 6.84], having medical illness [AOR: 3.56, 95% CI: 1.68, 7.54], encountering pregnancy danger signs [AOR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.06, 6.67], experiencing life-threatening events [AOR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.92] and household food insecurity [AOR: 3.51, 95% CI: 1.85, 6.64] were significantly associated with CAD.ConclusionsIn general, one in every ten women faced CAD in the study area. Nutritional interventions, early identification and treatment of pregnancy-related illness and medical ailments, prenatal mental health problems screening and interventions are imperative to minimize the risk of CAD in pregnant women.

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Prevalence of depression, anxiety and associated factors among patients with dental disease attending outpatient department in Addis Ababa public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a multicenter cross-sectional study

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-02012-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bekele Seifu ◽

Niguse Yigzaw ◽

Kibrom Haile ◽

Zahira Reshid ◽

Henock Asfaw

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Educational Status ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Dental Disease ◽

Dental Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Anxiety and depression are widespread mental health problems in many populations. These problems can be major barriers to dental care and may be led to poor oral health. Objectives To assess prevalence of depression, anxiety and associated factors among patients with dental disease in Addis Ababa public hospitals outpatient department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from May 06 to June 06, 2019 among patients with dental disease attending outpatient department in Addis Ababa city administration public hospitals. Multistage sampling method was used to select study participants. Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale was used to assess anxiety and depression. Face to face interview was used to collect data and the collected data was entered into EPI data version 3.1 and analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package Software for Social Sciences) version 20. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression was carried out. Strength of association was determined using odds ratio with 95% CI (Confidence Interval) and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant association in the final model. Results From the total of 845 participants, 833 were studied with response rate of 98.6%. The median age of the respondent was 32 years with interquartile range (26–41 years). The prevalence of anxiety and depression were found to be 33.9% and 29.2% respectively. Being female [AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio) 2.70 (95% CI 1.86, 3.89)], tooth extraction [AOR 3.24 (95% CI 2.11, 4.97)], history of repeat visit to dental clinic [AOR 3.21 (95% CI 2.25, 4.58)], chronic disease [AOR 2.95 (95% CI 1.98, 4.38)] and current alcohol use [AOR 3.40 (95% CI 2.28, 5.09)] were significantly associated with anxiety among patients with dental disease. Being female [AOR 2.22 (95% CI 1.53, 3.23)], Elementary educational status [AOR 2.15 (95% CI 1.28, 3.58)], periodontitis [AOR 1.74 (95% CI 1.18, 2.72)],history of repeated visit to dental clinic [AOR 4.07 (95% CI 2.84, 5.84)], current use of alcohol [AOR 4.01 (95% CI 2.68, 6.00)], current cigarette use [AOR 3.15 (95% CI 1.42, 7.00] and irregular tooth brushing [AOR 2.22 (95% CI 1.53, 3.23]were significantly associated with depression among patients with dental disease. Conclusion Anxiety and depression were high among people with dental disease. Tooth extraction and having chronic disease were significantly associated with anxiety. Elementary educational status, periodontitis, current cigarette smoking and irregular tooth brushing pattern were significant association with depression. History of repeat visit to dental clinic, current alcohol use and female sex were significantly associated with both depression and anxiety. Based on the finding of this study early screening and treating of anxiety and depression, also identifying those associated factors are important at dental clinic.

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