scholarly journals Organization of primary health care in pandemics

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (43) ◽  
pp. 2655
Author(s):  
Thiago Dias Sarti ◽  
Welington Serra Lazarini ◽  
Leonardo Ferreira Fontenelle ◽  
Ana Paula Santana Coelho Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The World

Background: The world is experiencing one of the greatest public health emergencies in history with the global spread of COVID-19. Health systems, including Primary Health Care (PHC) services, are pillars of pandemic coping strategies. Objective: To systematic review of the literature that analyzes the effectiveness of PHC organization strategies in the context of epidemics. Methods: We performed a rapid systematic literature review on MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE and LILACS (via VHL), in order to analyze empirical studies on the effectiveness of PHC organization strategies in the context of epidemics to improve access and reduce morbidity and mortality. There was no assessment of risk of bias, and the synthesis was narrative. PROSPERO CRD42020178310.Results: We selected seven articles, which studied the responses to different epidemic–s in different parts of the world. In terms of access, the studies suggest positive results with the adoption of adjustments of work processes of the teams and the structure of the services, combined with diversification of actions (including call center), adequate provision of inputs and personal protective equipment, adequate action plans and communication strategies, and effective integration with public health services and other levels of care. No study analyzed population morbidity and mortality. The included studies suggest also that community-oriented PHC is more effective in crisis scenarios, indicating the necessity of strengthening of the Family Health Strategy in the Brazilian context. Conclusion: PHC can be effective in coping with public health emergencies. Action plans should be built with broad participation by the actors involved in coping with the epidemic. Emphasis is placed on the importance of empowering the link between the healthcare service and its registered population.

scholarly journals Organization of Primary Health Care in pandemics: a rapid systematic review of the literature in times of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Dias Sarti ◽  
Welington Serra Lazarini ◽  
Leonardo Ferreira Fontenelle ◽  
Ana Paula Santana Coelho Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Crisis Scenarios

The world is experiencing one of the greatest public health emergencies in history with the global spread of COVID-19. Health systems, including Primary Health Care (PHC) services, are pillars of pandemic coping strategies, and there are important gaps in the literature on the best ways to organize PHC in health crisis scenarios such as the one currently experienced. Given the urgency of responses, we performed a rapid systematic literature review on MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE and LILACS (via VHL), in order to analyze empirical studies on the effectiveness of PHC organization strategies in the context of epidemics to improve access and reduce morbidity and mortality. We selected seven articles, which studied the responses to different epidemics in different parts of the world. In terms of access, the studies suggest positive results with the adoption of adjustments of work processes of the teams and the structure of the services, combined with diversification of actions (including call center), adequate provision of inputs and personal protective equipment, adequate action plans and communication strategies, and effective integration with public health services and other levels of care. No study analyzed population morbidity and mortality. The included studies suggest also that community-oriented PHC is more effective in crisis scenarios, indicating the necessity of strengthening of the Family Health Strategy in the Brazilian context.

scholarly journals Primary Health Care in Post Pandemic Times

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Mandl Stangl
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The World

The COVID-19 pandemic has put enormous pressure on countries around the world, exposing long-standing gaps in public health and exacerbating chronic structural inequalities that, coupled with fragile health systems, have disrupted lives and radically altered the political landscape, especially for vulnerable groups. On the other hand, measures taken to mitigate its impact have highlighted the links between public health and the quality of our environment, our income and work, transport choices, how our children learn, air quality and social justice.

Policy Development in Disaster Preparedness and Management: Lessons Learned from the January 2001 Earthquake in Gujarat, India

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rannveig Bremer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The World

AbstractIntroduction:During the last decades, several humanitarian emergencies have occurred, with an increasing number of humanitarian organizations taking part in providing assistance. However, need assessments, medical intelligence, and coordination of the aid often are sparse, resulting in the provision of ineffective and expensive assistance. When an earthquake with the strength of 7.7 on the Richter scale struck the state of Gujarat, India, during the early morning on 26 January 2001, nearly 20,000 persons were killed, nearly 170,000 were injured, and 600,000 were rendered homeless. This study identifies how assigned indicators to measure the level of health care may improve disaster preparedness and management, thus, reducing human suffering.Methods:During a two-week mission in the disaster area, the disaster relief provided to the disaster-affected population of Gujarat was evaluated. Vulnerability due to climate, geography, culture, religion, gender, politics, and economy, as each affected the outcome, was studied. By assigning indicators to the eight ELEMENTS of the Primary Health Care System as advocated by the World Health Organization (WHO), the level of public health and healthcare services were estimated, an evaluation of the impact of the disaster was conducted, and possible methods for improving disaster management are suggested. Representatives of the major relief organizations involved were interviewed on their relief policies. Strategies to improve disaster relief, such as policy development in the different aspects of public health/primary health care, were sought.Results:Evaluation of the pre-event status of the affected society revealed a complex situation in a vulnerable society with substantial deficiencies in the existing health system that added to the severity of the disaster. Most of the civilian hospitals had collapsed, and army field hospitals provided medical care to most of the patients under primitive conditions using tents. When the foreign field hospitals arrived 5 to 7 days after the earthquake, most of the casualties requiring surgical intervention already had been operated on. Relief provided to the disaster victims had reduced quality for the following reasons: (1) proper public health indicators had not yet been developed; (2) efficient coordination was lacking; (3) insufficient, overestimated, or partly irrelevant relief was provided; (4) relief was delayed because of bureaucracy; and (5) policies on the delivery of disaster relief had not been developed.Conclusion:To optimize the effectiveness of limited resources, disaster preparedness and the provision of feasible and necessary aid is of utmost importance. An appropriate, rapid, crisis intervention could be achieved by continual surveillance of the world's situation by a Relief Coordination Center. A panel of experts could evaluate and coordinate the international disaster responses and make use of stored emergency material and emergency teams. A successful disaster response will depend on accurate and relevant medical intelligence and socio-geographical mapping in advance of, during, and after the event(s) causing the disaster. More effective and feasible equipment coordinated with the relief provided by the rest of the world is necessary. If policies and agreements are developed as part of disaster preparedness, on international, bilateral, and national levels, disaster relief may be more relevant, less chaotic, and easier to estimate, thus, bringing improved relief to the disaster victims.

scholarly journals Perspectives of health workers regarding primary health care delivery to the rural population in the Bothaville district*

Curationis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Janse van Rensburg
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Delivery ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Primary Health

This article reports on the views of public health workers regarding recent changes in the delivery of primary health care to people living and working in the Bothaville rural area. These changes in mobile health care form part of the Initiative for Sub-District Support’s programme to provide sustained, concerted support to sub-districts to bring about improvements in health care management and health care delivery. Main shortcomings of the recent changes were identified as inadequate transportation facilities in rural areas, insufficient information dissemination to rural dwellers and lack of farmers’ participation in rural health matters. Furthermore, poor communication and co-operation between different public health services prevailed and the need for an integration of these services was emphasised.

scholarly journals Responses to the Pandemic COVID-19 in Primary Health Care in Oman: Muscat Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. e216-e216
Author(s):  
Thamra Al Ghafri ◽  
Fatma Al Ajmi ◽  
Lamya Al Balushi ◽  
Padma Mohan Kurup ◽  
Aysha Al Ghamari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The World

Objectives: As coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was pervading different parts of the world, little has been published regarding responses undertaken within primary health care (PHC) facilities in Arabian Gulf countries. This paper describes such responses from January to mid-April 2020 in PHC, including public health measures in Muscat, Oman. Methods: This is a descriptive study showing the trends of the confirmed positive cases of COVID-19 and the undertaken responses to the evolving epidemiological scenario. These responses were described utilizing the World Health Organizations’ building blocks for health care systems: Leadership and governance, Health workforce, Service delivery, Medical products and technologies, and health information management. Results: In mid-April 2020, cases of COVID-19 increased to 685 (particularly among non-nationals). As the cases were surging, the PHC responded by executing all guidelines and policies from the national medical and public health response committees and integrating innovative approaches. These included adapting comprehensive and multi-sectoral strategies, partnering with private establishments, and strengthening technology use (in tracking, testing, managing the cases, and data management). Conclusions: Facilities in the Muscat governorate, with the support from national teams, seemed to continuously scale-up their preparedness and responses to meet the epidemiological expectations in the management of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Humanized Embracement in Public Health Services in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 178-188
Author(s):  
Paula Janaynne De Souza ◽  
Wantuil Matias Neto ◽  
Modesto Leite Rolim Neto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Interdisciplinary Care ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Primary Health

User embracement humanization aims to enable interdisciplinary care considering the patient's reality. This literature review compiles the perspectives on humanized embracement in the Brazilian Unified Health System. We performed a BVS platform search on the keywords “attendance”, “humanization” and “primary health care”, filtering the results using the PRISMA protocol. It was obtained 8 articles regarding humanization in public health system care, highlighting its conditions and difficulties. It was concluded that humanized care practice is important as an improvement tool in the health system and that professionals need to adapt to the humanized model.        Keywords: User embracement; Humanization; Primary Health Care

scholarly journals Performance evaluation and ranking of regional primary health care and public health Systems in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Rashidian ◽  
Nader Jahanmehr ◽  
Farshad Farzadfar ◽  
Ardeshir Khosravi ◽  
Mohammad Shariati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Average Performance ◽  
Primary Health

Abstract Background The present study has been undertaken with the aim to evaluate performance and ranking of various universities of medical sciences that are responsible for providing public health services and primary health care in Iran. Methods Four models; Weighted Factor Analysis (WFA), Equal Weighting (EW), Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) have been applied for evaluating the performance of universities of medical sciences. This study was commenced based on the statistical reports of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME), census data from the Statistical Center of Iran, indicators of Vital Statistics, results of Multiple Indicator of Demographic and Health Survey 2010, and results of the National Survey of Risk Factors of non-communicable diseases. Results The average performance scores in WFA, EW, SFA, and DEA methods for the universities were 0.611, 0.663, 0.736 and 0.838, respectively. In all 4 models, the performance scores of universities were different (range from 0.56–1, 0.53–1, 0.73–1 and 0.83–1 in WFA, EW, SFA and DEA models, respectively). Gilan and Rafsanjan universities with the average ranking score of 4.75 and 41 had the highest and lowest rank among universities, respectively. The universities of Gilan, Ardabil and Bojnourd in all four models had the highest performance among the top 15 universities, while the universities of Rafsanjan, Ahvaz, Kerman and Jiroft showed poor performance in all models. Conclusions The average performance scores have varied based on different measurement methods, so judging the performance of universities based solely on the results of a model can be misleading. In all models, the performance of universities has been different, which indicates the need for planning to balance the performance improvement of universities based on learning from the experiences of well-performing universities.

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