Supplementation with Selenium and Vitamin E Improves Milk Fat Depression and Fatty Acid Composition in Dairy Cows Fed Fat Diet

AbstractThe experiment was designed to investigate the effect of increasing the concentration of Cu2+ in the diet of the lactating dairy cow with a view to stimulating the activity of the mammary gland △9–desaturase enzyme system to increase the C18:1/18:0 ratio in the milk fat.In a preliminary study, two lactating dairy cows were provided with ground rapeseed/maizebased concentrates containing either a normal or a high concentration of supplementary Cu2+, the animal offered the normal concentration supplement was also provided with an oral CuSO4 solution drench so that both animals received an equal daily supply of Cu2+. Daily blood samples were collected from the cows and total plasma Cu2+ concentration was determined. A blood plasma lipid analysis was also carried out. In a second study, eight lactating dairy cows were provided with a silage and concentrate diet. The lipid portion of the concentrates was provided by either ground or unground rapeseed while the Cu2+ in the mineral supplement of the unground rapeseed-based concentrate was manipulated to provide one of the following three concentrations of Cu2+ in the concentrate (mg/kg DM); <10, 50 or 100. The subsequent milk fat was analysed for fatty acid composition.Presentation of an increased concentration of Cu2+ to the cow was more efficiently absorbed when provided in the concentrate mix than when provided as a CuSO4 solution in an oral drench. Increased dietary Cu2+ in the concentrates was successful at increasing the concentration of plasma Cu2+ from a normal concentration of 80–100 mg/cm3 to over 200 mg/cm3. An increased concentration of Cu2+ in the blood of the cows in the first experiment resulted in a significant increase (P<0·05) in the C18:1 content of the plasma lipid, possibly through the increased activity of the intestinal △9–desaturase enzyme system.The composition of the milk, including the fatty acid composition of the milk fat, from the second experiment was unaffected by the concentration of Cu2+ in the diet of the dairy cows within the concentration range of <10 to 35 mg/kg DM per day.

Download Full-text

Transfer rate of α-linolenic acid from abomasally infused flaxseed oil into milk fat and the effects on milk fatty acid composition in dairy cows

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2012-5415 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 95 (9) ◽

pp. 5276-5284 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

U. Moallem ◽

D. Vyas ◽

B.B. Teter ◽

P. Delmonte ◽

M. Zachut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Linolenic Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Transfer Rate ◽

Flaxseed Oil ◽

Milk Fatty Acid

Download Full-text

The effect of duration of feeding oilseeds to dairy cows on the persistency of response in milk fatty acid composition

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200011819 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 2003 ◽

pp. 22-22

Author(s):

D. I. Givens ◽

C. Rymer ◽

A.R. Moss ◽

R. Allison

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Extended Period ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Milk Fatty Acid ◽

Human Diet

There is much interest in the manipulation of the fatty acid composition of milk fat so as to improve its health characteristics in the human diet. In an earlier study there was an indication that the concentration of fatty acids in milk may change with time when feeding whole oilseeds rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In particular a tendency for an increase in CLA and C18:1 and a reduction in C18:2 and C18:3 concentrations with time were seen. The present study was therefore undertaken to examine the changes in the fatty acid composition of milk from high yielding dairy cows fed diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or PUFA over an extended period.

Download Full-text

Effect of cereal grain and fibre supplements on the fatty acid composition of milk fat of grazing dairy cows in early lactation

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029903006241 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 257-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Chakra Wijesundera ◽

Zhiping Shen ◽

William J Wales ◽

Dawn E Dalley

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Physiological State ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Cereal Grain ◽

Grazing Dairy Cows

Two experiments were undertaken to determine the effects of cereal grain and fibre (hay or straw) supplements on the fatty acid composition of milk fat of grazing dairy cows in early lactation. In both experiments, grain supplements significantly increased (P<0·05) the proportion of the endogenously synthesized 10[ratio ]0–16[ratio ]0 fatty acids. Of the C18 acids, the proportion of 18[ratio ]0 and 18[ratio ]3 was significantly decreased (P<0·05) by grain supplementation, while that of 18[ratio ]2 was significantly increased (P<0·05). Irrespective of diet, 18[ratio ]1 trans-11 was the most dominant trans 18[ratio ]1 isomer in milk fat. In the first experiment, the proportions of the 18[ratio ]1 trans-11 isomer and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, 18[ratio ]2 cis-9, trans-11) were highest for the pasture-only diets, and significantly (P<0·05) decreased with grain supplementation. The opposite result was observed in the second experiment, conducted in a different dairy region, suggesting that factors such as the quality of pasture on offer and the physiological state of the cow could affect the content of CLA and trans fatty acids in milk fat. In both experiments, there was a significant positive linear relationship between CLA and 18[ratio ]1 trans-11. Fibre supplements had little effect on the fatty acid composition of the milk.

Download Full-text