Effect of cereal grain and fibre supplements on the fatty acid composition of milk fat of grazing dairy cows in early lactation

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chakra Wijesundera ◽  
Zhiping Shen ◽  
William J Wales ◽  
Dawn E Dalley
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Grazing Dairy Cows

Two experiments were undertaken to determine the effects of cereal grain and fibre (hay or straw) supplements on the fatty acid composition of milk fat of grazing dairy cows in early lactation. In both experiments, grain supplements significantly increased (P<0·05) the proportion of the endogenously synthesized 10[ratio ]0–16[ratio ]0 fatty acids. Of the C18 acids, the proportion of 18[ratio ]0 and 18[ratio ]3 was significantly decreased (P<0·05) by grain supplementation, while that of 18[ratio ]2 was significantly increased (P<0·05). Irrespective of diet, 18[ratio ]1 trans-11 was the most dominant trans 18[ratio ]1 isomer in milk fat. In the first experiment, the proportions of the 18[ratio ]1 trans-11 isomer and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, 18[ratio ]2 cis-9, trans-11) were highest for the pasture-only diets, and significantly (P<0·05) decreased with grain supplementation. The opposite result was observed in the second experiment, conducted in a different dairy region, suggesting that factors such as the quality of pasture on offer and the physiological state of the cow could affect the content of CLA and trans fatty acids in milk fat. In both experiments, there was a significant positive linear relationship between CLA and 18[ratio ]1 trans-11. Fibre supplements had little effect on the fatty acid composition of the milk.

scholarly journals The effect of restricted grazing on the fatty acid composition of ovine rnilk fat during early lactation

1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Payne ◽  
P. V. Rattray
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Major Increase

1. The fatty acid composition of milk fat of Coopworth sheep offered varying pasture allowances has been determined after 1, 14 and 35 d of lactation. Differences in fatty acids occurred, particularly between 1 and 14 d, with a major increase in C18:0 whilst C16:0, C14:0 and C18:3 showed decreases.2. When pasture allowances were restricted there were decreases in the short-chain fatty acids from C6 to C14 and an increase in C18:1 as has been observed previously for cattle. The C18:1:C10 value is a convenient measure of these changes and can be determined more rapidly than determining all the lower fatty acids.3. The increased demand for milk resulting from suckling twin lambs caused an increase in C18:1 and decreases in C10 and C12 due to an increased utilization of body reserves.4. The level of linoleic acid was much greater than has been previously observed in sheep given hay and contributes to the rapid rise in linoleic acid levels in lambs born under grazing conditions.

The effect of duration of feeding oilseeds to dairy cows on the persistency of response in milk fatty acid composition

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
D. I. Givens ◽  
C. Rymer ◽  
A.R. Moss ◽  
R. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Diet

There is much interest in the manipulation of the fatty acid composition of milk fat so as to improve its health characteristics in the human diet. In an earlier study there was an indication that the concentration of fatty acids in milk may change with time when feeding whole oilseeds rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In particular a tendency for an increase in CLA and C18:1 and a reduction in C18:2 and C18:3 concentrations with time were seen. The present study was therefore undertaken to examine the changes in the fatty acid composition of milk from high yielding dairy cows fed diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or PUFA over an extended period.

The yield, fatty acid composition and physical properties of milk fat obtained by feeding soya oil to dairy cows

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Banks ◽  
John L. Clapperton ◽  
Morag E. Kelly ◽  
Agnes G. Wilson ◽  
Robert J. M. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Soya Oil

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of milk from multiparous Holstein cows treated with bovine somatotropin and fed n-3 fatty acids in early lactation

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 4865-4875 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carriquiry ◽  
W.J. Weber ◽  
C.R. Dahlen ◽  
G.C. Lamb ◽  
L.H. Baumgard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Early Lactation

scholarly journals Lipid Profile, Lipase Bioactivity, and Lipophilic Antioxidant Content in High Pressure Processed Donor Human Milk

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesolowska ◽  
Brys ◽  
Barbarska ◽  
Strom ◽  
Szymanska-Majchrzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Human Milk Fat

Human milk fat plays an essential role as the source of energy and cell function regulator; therefore, the preservation of unique human milk donors’ lipid composition is of fundamental importance. To compare the effects of high pressure processing (HPP) and holder pasteurization on lipidome, human milk was processed at 62.5 °C for 30 min and at five variants of HPP from 450 MPa to 600 MPa, respectively. Lipase activity was estimated with QuantiChrom™ assay. Fatty acid composition was determined with the gas chromatographic technique, and free fatty acids content by titration with 0.1 M KOH. The positional distribution of fatty acid in triacylglycerols was performed. The oxidative induction time was obtained from the pressure differential scanning calorimetry. Carotenoids in human milk were measured by liquid chromatography. Bile salt stimulated lipase was completely eliminated by holder pasteurization, decreased at 600 MPa, and remained intact at 200 + 400 MPa; 450 MPa. The fatty acid composition and structure of human milk fat triacylglycerols were unchanged. The lipids of human milk after holder pasteurization had the lowest content of free fatty acids and the shortest induction time compared with samples after HPP. HPP slightly changed the β-carotene and lycopene levels, whereas the lutein level was decreased by 40.0% up to 60.2%, compared with 15.8% after the holder pasteurization.

Influence of dietary copper sulphate supplementation on the milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
B.F. McNamee ◽  
A.M. Fearon ◽  
J. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Normal Concentration ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

AbstractThe experiment was designed to investigate the effect of increasing the concentration of Cu2+ in the diet of the lactating dairy cow with a view to stimulating the activity of the mammary gland △9–desaturase enzyme system to increase the C18:1/18:0 ratio in the milk fat.In a preliminary study, two lactating dairy cows were provided with ground rapeseed/maizebased concentrates containing either a normal or a high concentration of supplementary Cu2+, the animal offered the normal concentration supplement was also provided with an oral CuSO4 solution drench so that both animals received an equal daily supply of Cu2+. Daily blood samples were collected from the cows and total plasma Cu2+ concentration was determined. A blood plasma lipid analysis was also carried out. In a second study, eight lactating dairy cows were provided with a silage and concentrate diet. The lipid portion of the concentrates was provided by either ground or unground rapeseed while the Cu2+ in the mineral supplement of the unground rapeseed-based concentrate was manipulated to provide one of the following three concentrations of Cu2+ in the concentrate (mg/kg DM); <10, 50 or 100. The subsequent milk fat was analysed for fatty acid composition.Presentation of an increased concentration of Cu2+ to the cow was more efficiently absorbed when provided in the concentrate mix than when provided as a CuSO4 solution in an oral drench. Increased dietary Cu2+ in the concentrates was successful at increasing the concentration of plasma Cu2+ from a normal concentration of 80–100 mg/cm3 to over 200 mg/cm3. An increased concentration of Cu2+ in the blood of the cows in the first experiment resulted in a significant increase (P<0·05) in the C18:1 content of the plasma lipid, possibly through the increased activity of the intestinal △9–desaturase enzyme system.The composition of the milk, including the fatty acid composition of the milk fat, from the second experiment was unaffected by the concentration of Cu2+ in the diet of the dairy cows within the concentration range of <10 to 35 mg/kg DM per day.

scholarly journals Frequent moving of grazing dairy cows to new paddocks increases the variability of milk fatty acid composition

animal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Coppa ◽  
A. Farruggia ◽  
P. Ravaglia ◽  
D. Pomiès ◽  
G. Borreani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Grazing Dairy Cows

Effect of forage conservation method, concentrate level and propylene glycol on the fatty acid composition and vitamin content of cows' milk

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J Shingfield ◽  
Pirjo Salo-Väänänen ◽  
Eero Pahkala ◽  
Vesa Toivonen ◽  
Seija Jaakkola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin Content ◽  
Concentrate Level ◽  
Conservation Method

Based on potential health benefits, there is a need to develop effective strategies for enhancing milk fat concentrations of cis-9 18[ratio ]1, 18[ratio ]3 n-3 and conjugated linoleic (CLA) content in milk without compromising the sensory or storage characteristics of processed milk or dairy products. Sixteen Finnish Ayrshire dairy cows were used in a cyclic change-over experiment with four 21-d experimental periods and a 4×2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments to evaluate the effects of forage conservation method, concentrate level and supplements of propylene glycol (PG), and their interactions on milk fatty acid composition and vitamin content. Experimental treatments consisted of four conserved forages offered ad libitum, supplemented with two levels of a standard concentrate (7 or 10 kg/d) and PG (0 and 210 g/d) fed as three equal meals. Primary growths of timothy and meadow fescue sward were conserved by ensiling with none (NA), an inoculant enzyme preparation (IE) or a formic acid based (FORM) additive or as hay 1 week later. Conservation of grass by drying rather than ensiling resulted in lower forage 18[ratio ]2n-6, 18[ratio ]3n-3, total fatty acid and fat-soluble vitamin concentrations. In spite of lower intakes, milk fat 18[ratio ]2n-6 and 18[ratio ]3n-3 content was higher (P<0·05) for hay than for silage diets (12·1, 9·6, 9·6 and 9·3 and 5·00, 3·51, 4·27 and 2·93 g/kg total fatty acids, for hay, NA, IE and FORM silages, respectively). Forage conservation method had no clear effects on milk trans 18[ratio ]1 or CLA content. Compared with silage, hay diets resulted in milk containing lower (P<0·001) riboflavin, α-tocopherol and β-carotene concentrations, but had no effect on ascorbic acid, thiamine, pyridoxine or retinol content. Feeding more concentrates had no effect on milk fatty acid composition or milk vitamin content, other than lowering (P<0·001) 16[ratio ]0 concentrations from 348 to 338 g/kg fatty acids. Supplements of PG led to small (P<0·05) increases in milk 13[ratio ]0 anteiso and 15[ratio ]0 content from 1·06 and 11·3 to 1·22 and 12·6 g/kg fatty acids and reduced (P<0·05) the concentrations of ascorbic acid (16·1 v. 15·1 g/kg milk).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document