Simultaneous Determination of Allura Red and Ponceau 4R in Drinks with the Use of Four Derivative Spectrophotometric Methods and Comparison with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1377-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Turak ◽  
Mahmure Ustun Ozgur
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Allura Red ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Sample Extract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ponceau 4R

Abstract Four simple, rapid, sensitive, and accurate spectrophotometric methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of Allura Red (AR) and Ponceau 4R (P) without previous chemical separation. The first method, derivative spectrophotometry, depends on first derivative spectrophotometry with zero-crossing and peak-to-base measurement. The second method, derivative ratio spectrophotometry, uses the first derivative of the ratio spectra. The ratio spectra are obtained by dividing the absorption spectra of a binary mixture by that of one of the components. The third method, differential derivative spectrophotometry, is based on the measurement of the difference absorptivities derivatized in the first order of a sample extract in 0.1 M NaOH relative to that of an equimolar solution in 0.1 M HCI. The fourth method, based on the compensation technique, is presented for the derivative spectrophotometric determination of binary mixtures with overlapping spectra by using ratios of the derivative maximum or minimum; the exact compensation of either component in the mixture can be achieved, followed by its determination. All the proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of the colorants in their laboratory mixtures and granulated drinks without any interference by the ingredients. AR and P showed good linearity, with regression coefficients of 0.9994–0.9999. The LOD and LOQ values ranged from 0.059 to 0.102 and 0.198 to 0.341 μg/mL, respectively. The intraday and interday precision tests produced good RSD values (<1.37%); recoveries ranged from 98.75 to 100.37% for all four methods. The common ingredients and additives did not interfere in the AR and P determination. The results of the proposed methods were statistically compared with the results of an HPLC method given in the literature (Nordic Committee on Food Analysis; NMKL 130) at the 95% confidence level by Student's t-test and the variance ratio F-test. No statistically significant difference was found among these methods.

scholarly journals Four Derivative Spectrophotometric Methods for the Simultaneous Determination of Carmoisine and Ponceau 4R in Drinks and Comparison with High Performance Liquid Chromatography

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Turak ◽  
Mithat Dinç ◽  
Öznur Dülger ◽  
Mahmure Ustun Özgür
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Ponceau 4R

Four simple, rapid, and accurate spectrophotometric methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of two food colorants, Carmoisine (E122) and Ponceau 4R (E124), in their binary mixtures and soft drinks. The first method is based on recording the first derivative curves and determining each component using the zero-crossing technique. The second method uses the first derivative of ratio spectra. The ratio spectra are obtained by dividing the absorption spectra of the binary mixture by that of one of the components. The third method, derivative differential procedure, is based on the measurement of difference absorptivities derivatized in first order of solution of drink samples in 0,1 N NaOH relative to that of an equimolar solution in 0,1 N HCl at wavelengths of 366 and 451 nm for Carmoisine and Ponceau 4R, respectively. The last method, based on the compensation method is presented for derivative spectrophotometric determination of E122 and E124 mixtures with overlapping spectra. By using ratios of the derivative maxima, the exact compensation of either component in the mixture can be achieved, followed by its determination. These proposed methods have been successfully applied to the binary mixtures and soft drinks and the results were statistically compared with the reference HPLC method (NMKL 130).

scholarly journals Three Different Spectrophotometric Methods for Simultaneous Determination of Pyriproxyfen and Chlorothalonil Residues in Cucumber and Cabbage Samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Shilan A. Omer ◽  
Nabil A. Fakhre
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mean Centering ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
One Way Anova

In this study, three simple and accurate spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of pyriproxyfen and chlorothalonil residues in cucumbers and cabbages grown in experimental greenhouse were studied. The first method was based on the zero-crossing technique measurement for first and second derivative spectrophotometry. The second method was based on the first derivative of the ratio spectra. However, the third method was based on mean centering of ratio spectra. These procedures lack any previous separation steps. The calibration curves for three spectrophotometric methods are linear in the concentration range of 1–30 μg·mL−1 and 0.5–7 μg·mL−1 for pyriproxyfen and chlorothalonil successively. The recoveries ranged from 82.12–97.40% for pyriproxyfen and 81.51–97.04% for chlorothalonil with relative standard deviations less than 4.95% and 5.45% in all instances for pyriproxyfen and chlorothalonil, respectively. The results obtained from the proposed methods were compared statistically by using one-way ANOVA, and the results revealed there were no significant differences between ratio spectra and mean centering methods with the zero-crossing technique. The proposed methods are successfully applied for the simultaneous estimation of the residue of both pesticides in cucumber and cabbage samples.

Novel Approach for the Simultaneous Determination of Carbinoxamine Maleate, Pholcodine, and Ephedrine Hydrochloride Without Interference from Coloring Matter in an Antitussive Preparation Using Smart Spectrophotometric Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azza A Moustafa ◽  
Maha A Hegazy ◽  
Dalia Mohamed ◽  
Omnia Ali
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Successive Derivative ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Ephedrine Hydrochloride ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Coloring Matter

Abstract The presence of coloring matters in syrups usually interferes with the spectrophotometric determination of active pharmaceutical ingredients. A novel approach was introduced to eliminate the interference of sunset yellow (coloring matter) in Cyrinol syrup. Smart, simple, accurate, and selective spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of a ternary mixture of carbinoxamine maleate, pholcodine, and ephedrine hydrochloride in syrup. Four of the applied methods used ratio spectra: successive derivative subtraction coupled with constant multiplication, successive derivative of ratio spectra, ratio subtraction coupled with ratio difference, and ratio spectra continuous wavelet transforms zero-crossing. In addition, a method that was based on the presence of an isosbestic point, the amplitude summation method, was also established. A major advantage of the proposed methods is the simultaneous determination of the mentioned drugs without prior separation steps. These methods were successfully applied for the determination of laboratory-prepared mixtures and a commercial pharmaceutical preparation without interference from additives, thus proving the selectivity of the methods. No significant difference regarding both accuracy and precision was observed upon statistical comparison of the results obtained by the proposed methods with each other and with those of official or reported ones.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Dapsone and Pyrimethamine by Derivative Spectrophotometry in Pharmaceutical Formulations

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Inés Toral ◽  
Andrés Tassara ◽  
César Soto ◽  
Pablo Richter
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Derivative

Abstract A simple and fast method was developed for the simultaneous determination of dapsone and pyrimethamine by first-order digital derivative spectrophotometry. Acetonitrile was used as a solvent to extract the drugs from the pharmaceutical formulations, and the samples were subsequently evaluated directly by digital derivative spectrophotometry. The simultaneous determination of both drugs was performed by the zero-crossing method at 249.4 and 231.4 nm for dapsone and pyrimethamine, respectively. The best signal-to-noise ratio was obtained when the first derivative of the spectrum was used. The linear range of determination for the drugs was from 6.6 × 10−7 to 2.0 × 10−4 and from 2.5 × 10−6 to 2.0 × 10−4 mol/L for dapsone and pyrimethamine, respectively. The excipients of commercial pharmaceutical formulations did not interfere in the analysis. Chemical and spectral variables were optimized for determination of both analytes. A good level of repeatability, 0.6 and 1.7% for dapsone and pyrimethamine, respectively, was observed. The proposed method was applied for the simultaneous determination of both drugs in pharmaceutical formulations.

scholarly journals Simple Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination of Tenofovir Fumarate and Emtricitabine in Bulk Powder and in Tablets

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad H. AbdelHay ◽  
Azza A. Gazy ◽  
Rasha A. Shaalan ◽  
Heba K. Ashour
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Linearity Range ◽  
Bulk Powder ◽  
First Derivative Spectrophotometry

Two simple and selective methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of tenofovir fumarate (TEN) and emtricitabine (EMT) in combined tablets. The first method involves the application of first derivative spectrophotometry where the first derivative amplitudes were measured at 298.5 nm for determination of EMT in presence of TEN. The second method involves first derivative of ratio spectra spectrophotometry where the amplitudes at 251.5 nm have been used for quantitation of TEN in the presence of EMT. Different variables affecting each method were carefully investigated and optimized. Reliability and analytical performance of the proposed methods, including linearity, range, precision, accuracy, detection, and quantitation limits, were statistically validated. The methods were successfully applied for the determination of EMT and TEN in laboratory-prepared mixtures and in their combined tablets.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Moxifloxacin and Flavoxate by RP-HPLC and Ecofriendly Derivative Spectrophotometry Methods in Formulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Attimarad ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Chohan ◽  
Abdulmalek Ahmed Balgoname
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
First Derivative

Simple, fast, and precise reversed-phase (RP)-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and two ecofriendly spectrophotometric methods were established and validated for the simultaneous determination of moxifloxacin HCl (MOX) and flavoxate HCl (FLX) in formulations. Chromatographic methods involve the separation of two analytes using an Agilent Zorbax SB C18 HPLC column (150 mm × 4.6 mm; 5 µm) and a mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer (50 mM; pH 5): methanol: acetonitrile in a proportion of 50:20:30 v/v, respectively. Valsartan was used as an internal standard. Analytes were monitored by measuring the absorbance of elute at 299 nm for MOX and 250 nm for FLX and valsartan. Two environmentally friendly spectrophotometric (first derivative and ratio first derivative) methods were also developed using water as a solvent. For the derivative spectrophotometric determination of MOX and FLX, a zero-crossing technique was adopted. The wavelengths selected for MOX and FLX were −304.0 nm and −331.8 nm for the first derivative spectrophotometric method and 358.4 nm and −334.1 nm for the ratio first-derivative spectrophotometric method, respectively. All methods were successfully validated, as per the International Conference on Harmonization(ICH) guidelines, and all parameters were well within acceptable ranges. The proposed analytical methods were successfully utilized for the simultaneous estimation of MOX and FLX in formulations.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Cobalt (II) and Nickel (II) By First Order Derivative Spectrophotometry in Micellar Media

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1357-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajni Rohilla ◽  
Usha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Micellar Media ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
First Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Triton X

A first-derivative spectrophotometry method for the simultaneous determination of Co (II) and Ni (II) with Alizarin Red S in presence of Triton X-100 is described. Measurements were made at the zero-crossing wavelengths at 549.0 nm for Co (II) and 546.0 nm for Ni (II). The linearity is obtained in the range of 0.291- 4.676 μg/ml of Ni (II) and 0.293- 4.124 μg/ml of Co (II) in the presence of each other by using first derivative spectrophotometric method. The possible interfering effects of various ions were studied. The validity of the method was examined by using synthetic mixtures of Co (II) and Ni (II). The developed derivative procedure, using the zero crossing technique, has been successfully applied for the simultaneous analysis of Co (II) and Ni (II) in spiked water samples.

scholarly journals Validated Spectrophotometric Methods for Simultaneous Determination of Food Colorants and Sweeteners

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Turak ◽  
Mahmure Ustun Ozgur
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Chewing Gums ◽  
Third Derivative ◽  
Interday Precision ◽  
Ratio Derivative Spectrophotometry

Two simple spectrophotometric methods have been proposed for simultaneous determination of two colorants (Indigotin and Brilliant Blue) and two sweeteners (Acesulfame-K and Aspartame) in synthetic mixtures and chewing gums without any prior separation or purification. The first method, derivative spectrophotometry (ZCDS), is based on recording the first derivative curves (for Indigotin, Brillant Blue, and Acesulfame-K) and third-derivative curve (for Aspartame) and determining each component using the zero-crossing technique. The other method, ratio derivative spectrophotometry (RDS), depends on application ratio spectra of first- and third-derivative spectrophotometry to resolve the interference due to spectral overlapping. Both colorants and sweeteners showed good linearity, with regression coefficients of 0.9992–0.9999. The LOD and LOQ values ranged from 0.05 to 0.33 μgmL−1and from 0.06 to 0.47 μgmL−1, respectively. The intraday and interday precision tests produced good RSD% values (<0.81%); recoveries ranged from 99.78% to 100.67% for all two methods. The accuracy and precision of the methods have been determined, and the methods have been validated by analyzing synthetic mixtures containing colorants and sweeteners. Two methods were applied for the above combination, and satisfactory results were obtained. The results obtained by applying the ZCDS method were statistically compared with those obtained by the RDS method.

scholarly journals Simultaneous determination of procaine hydrochloride, procainamide hydrochloride and lidocaine by molecular absorption spectrometry

2019 ◽  
pp. 318-324
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Mirela Marin ◽  
Gheorghe Batrinescu ◽  
Mihai Nita-Lazar ◽  
Luoana Florentina Pascu ◽  
Carol Blaziu Lehr
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Procaine Hydrochloride ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Multicomponent Analysis ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Cramer’S Rule ◽  
Derivative Spectrometry

Two spectrometric methods have been developed for quantitative simultaneous determination of procaine hydrochloride (PH·HCl), procainamide hydrochloride (PHA·HCl) and lidocaine (Lid) from synthetic mixture. The methods employed are first derivative spectrometry, using zero crossing method and multicomponent analysis which is based on the additivity law. Using first derivative spectrometry, the wavelength selected for the quantitative determination of PH·HCl was 237 nm for Lid was 242 nm and for PHA·HCl was 290 nm in mixture. The method is linear when the concentration ranged between 6.62-9.93 μg/mL for PH·HCl, 6.43-9.64 for PHA·HCl and 5.56-8.35 for Lid. The multicomponent analysis is a direct method and involves the absorbance measurements of at three different wavelengths. The molar absorption coefficients values were calculated at each wavelength and the concentration of PH·HCl, PHA·HCl and Lid from mixture was determined by solving matrix using Cramer's rule. The recovery of each compound in mixture was calculated and it is 101.4 % for PH·HCl, 100.4 % for PHA·HCl and 98.4 % for Lid.

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