Black Markets

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-138
Keyword(s):  
Black Markets

Social Benefits and Social Costs of Drug Control Laws

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Drug Control ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Black Markets ◽  
Control Laws ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Levels Of Control

While drug control laws tend to reduce the incidence of drug use, their enforcement is not without cost to society. Among the most obvious costs is the development of black markets in drugs and the criminalization of users. Modest control laws can substantially reduce drug use without incurring serious social costs. However, increasing the severity of control laws adds less and less to the benefits achieved and more and more to the costs to society. Ultimately the costs outweigh the benefits. We should aim for optimum levels of control by weighing both the benefits and costs of our drug control laws.

Chapter 1 Black Markets

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Carmen M. Cusack
Keyword(s):  
Black Markets

scholarly journals Blackfishing on Instagram: Influencing and the Commodification of Black Urban Aesthetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 205630512110382
Author(s):  
Wesley E. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Black Identity ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Black Culture ◽  
Cultural Appropriation ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Black Markets ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Media ◽  
Urban Aesthetics

This article examines blackfishing, a practice in which cultural and economic agents appropriate Black culture and urban aesthetics in an effort to capitalize on Black markets. Specifically, this study analyzes the Instagram accounts of four influencers (Instagram models) who were accused of blackfishing in late 2018 and is supplemented with a critical analysis of 27 news and popular press articles which comprise the media discourse surrounding the controversy. Situated within the literature on cultural appropriation and urban redevelopment policies, this study explores how Black identity is mined for its cultural and economic value in the context of digital labor. I assert that Instagram’s unique platform affordances (including its racial affordances) and the neoliberal logics which undergird cultural notions of labor facilitate the mechanisms by which Black identity is rendered a lucrative commodity vis-à-vis influencing.

scholarly journals How to Avoid Black Markets for Appointments with Online Booking Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (7) ◽  
pp. 2127-2151
Author(s):  
Rustamdjan Hakimov ◽  
C.-Philipp Heller ◽  
Dorothea Kübler ◽  
Morimitsu Kurino
Keyword(s):  
Market Design ◽  
Current System ◽  
Black Markets ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Lab Experiments ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The World

Allocating appointment slots is presented as a new application for market design. Online booking systems are commonly used by public authorities to allocate appointments for visa interviews, driver’s licenses, passport renewals, etc. We document that black markets for appointments have developed in many parts of the world. Scalpers book the appointments that are offered for free and sell the slots to appointment seekers. We model the existing first-come-first-served booking system and propose an alternative batch system. The batch system collects applications for slots over a certain time period and then randomly allocates slots to applicants. The theory predicts and lab experiments confirm that scalpers profitably book and sell slots under the current system with sufficiently high demand, but that they are not active in the proposed batch system. We discuss practical issues for the implementation of the batch system and its applicability to other markets with scalping. (JEL C92, D47)

scholarly journals The Black Markets of North Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (07) ◽  
pp. 1759-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifan Xiang
Keyword(s):  
North Korea ◽  
Black Markets

Living on the Edge

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Blobaum
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Black Markets ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Basic Goods ◽  
Complete Disruption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This chapter discusses the disastrous state of Warsaw's wartime economy. An almost complete disruption in the supply of coal in the war's first months dealt a crippling blow to industrial production in the city. The impact on employment was equally devastating, and no recovery was possible as long as the war continued. Shortages of basic goods and commodities, particularly food, were prevalent from the very beginning and became ever more acute during the German occupation. Meanwhile, German efforts to strictly control the consumption of food and other basic goods in Warsaw led to widespread smuggling and thriving black markets, which advantaged those who could pay even higher prices in order to access vital resources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document