“The Walls Entered into Our Souls”

Negative trends among risk factors in the categories of memory (Chapter 3) and governance (Chapter 4) shackle a society in the bonds of fragility. This can lead to, as well as be the result of, an increased susceptibility to social disharmony and isolation. This state of disconnect between the larger society and the groupings of some members of that society is known as fragmentation. While fragmentation can manifest itself along economic, institutional, or geographic lines, this chapter focuses on risk factors related specifically to social fragmentation. In everyday life in contemporary Northern Ireland, social fragmentation undeniably rules over the full spectrum of the lived experience. This chapter examines five specific risk factors related to social fragmentation: (1) identity-based social divisions, (2) demographic pressures, (3) unequal access to basic goods and services, (4) gender inequalities, and (5) political instability.

Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap Kelangkaan Produk Non Pokok Akibat Penimbunan yang Dilakukan oleh Pelaku Usaha

In 2020 Walls Indonesia re-launched their legendary product, "Viennetta" Ice Cream which was famous in the 90s. but this is misused by bad people who are not responsible for their own interests. They took advantage of the public's enthusiasm for the return of the legendary product from Walls Indonesia, namely Viennetta Ice Cream by hoarding these items and selling them at a higher price. The regulations regarding consumer protection against hoarding of goods have received protection from the Ministry of Trade in the Regulation of the Minister of Trade Number 20/M-DAG/PER/3/2017 concerning Registration of Business Actors in the Distribution of Staple Needs, but unfortunately this regulation only applies to basic goods. Therefore, this study aims to educate consumers in order to know their rights as consumers and so that the government can re-discuss regulations regarding stockpiling of goods so that they can be expanded not only to basic necessities by using the juridical normative research method and using a statutory approach, the authors get the results of this research that consumers can still get legal protection against the scarcity of a non-basic item by using the Trade Law, the Consumer Protection Law, and the Business Competition Law..

The Current Challenges and Future Alternatives of Supplying Remote Areas with Basic Goods: The Case Study of Idrijsko-Cerkljansko Region, Slovenia

The accessibility of services of general interest (shops, post offices, banks etc.) in rural hinterlands is decreasing and villages that once supplied areas with services are losing their functions in the central settlements’ network. According to the current analytical framework the key challenges of supply are people’s dependence on car transportation, lack of village shops and other basic services, and e-services replacing location-based services. This paper examines the current dynamics of the supply of basic goods in the Idrijsko-Cerkljansko region of Slovenia. Using mixed methods approach, the paper covers a historical overview of service provision by a field survey and historical analysis, as well as an analysis of demand and supply, done via an online questionnaire. The aim of the paper is to combine the findings into a proposal for an optimized alternative supply network integrating good practices such as linking providers, promoting local products and reopening of village shops.

SPOŻYCIE OWOCÓW W POLSCE – ANALIZA NA PODSTAWIE JEDNORÓWNANIOWYCH NIELINIOWYCH MODELI EKONOMETRYCZNYCH

The article dealt with an assessment of the fit of typical non-linear demand models for fruit. The power function, the exponential function with the inverse and the Törnquist function for the basic goods were used in the econometric analysis. The models were estimated on the basis of income quintile groups’ data published by the Central Statistical Office. Based on the estimated model parameters, income elasticities of demand were calculated. It was found that the models described by the power function and the Törnquist function for basic goods were characterized by a better goodness of fit than the models using the exponential function with the inverse.

La «practical reason» nel pensiero di Finnis alla luce di Grisez

il presente contributo indaga il concetto di practical reason elaborato da John Finnis nell’interpretazione offerta da Germain Grisez, interpretazione esplicitamente accolta da Finnis. La ragione pratica è l’attore principale di una complessa interazione di molteplici elementi che produrranno la norma morale particolare. Questi elementi, tutti privi di connotati di moralità, sono le inclinationes naturales, i basic goods e le requirements of practical reasonableness. La natura della ragione pratica viene indicata dal primo principio della ragione pratica [first principle of practical reason], principio che ha carattere descrittivo/ indicativo e non prescrittivo.

Surrogacy and human flourishing

Opposition to legalizing surrogacy often involves the argument that it commodifies or objectifies women and children. When surrogacy involves consenting parties claiming to benefit from the transaction, commodification- or objectification-based arguments seem unpersuasive. This article argues that new natural law theory offers an alternative case against legalizing surrogacy based on the violation of basic goods of human flourishing, a notion which unpacks afresh what is really at stake in the commodification/objectification arguments. Exploring the new natural law approach through John Finnis’s theory, this article suggests that the new natural law case against surrogacy hinges on the link between childbirth and raising children, which turns out to be the major bone of contention in the surrogacy debate. The establishment of the link turns on answers to empirical questions as to what is in the best interests of the child, as well as on contested notions of motherhood, raising questions of a philosophical or normative nature. This article elucidates for policy makers and legislators the precise issues they must face squarely in order to determine whether to legalize or prohibit surrogacy arrangements.

How Quarantine Attempts to Universalize the Black Condition

This essay establishes similarities between control over Black bodies’ movement under chattel slavery and social distancing measures employed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Its primary concern is how protecting public health necessitates undesired movement on the part of marginalized, historically disenfranchised populations to secure supply chains and ensure access to basic goods, foodstuffs, and medicines for those sheltering at home. Structuring its claims within the critical race theories of Saidiya V. Hartman, Achille Mbembe, and Elizabeth Maddock Dillon, it draws attention to how an enslaved condition in which one lacked the right to choose to move or hold still is now being extended to a class of workers deemed essential.