scholarly journals Optical Fibers in Phase Space: A Theoretical Framework

10.5772/26970 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Leonor
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Theoretical Framework

scholarly journals A Framework for Collective Behavior in Plant Inspired Growth-Driven Systems, Based on Kinematics of Allotropism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Bastien ◽  
Amir Porat ◽  
Yasmine Meroz
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Adaptive Structure ◽  
Nearby Point

A variety of biological systems are not motile, but sessile in nature, relying on growth as the main driver of their movement. Groups of such growing organisms can form complex structures, such as the functional architecture of growing axons, or the adaptive structure of plant root systems. These processes are not yet understood, however the decentralized growth dynamics bear similarities to the collective behavior observed in groups of motile organisms, such as flocks of birds or schools of fish. Equivalent growth mechanisms make these systems amenable to a theoretical framework inspired by tropic responses of plants, where growth is considered implicitly as the driver of the observed bending towards a stimulus. We introduce two new concepts related to plant tropisms: point tropism, the response of a plant to a nearby point signal source, and allotropism, the growth-driven response of plant organs to neighboring plants. We first analytically and numerically investigate the 2D dynamics of single organs responding to point signals fixed in space. Building on this we study pairs of organs interacting via allotropism, i.e.each organ senses signals emitted at the tip of their neighbor and responds accordingly. In the case of local sensing we find a rich phase space. We describe the different phases, as well as the sharp transitions between them. We also find that the form of the phase space depends on initial conditions. This work sets the stage towards a theoretical framework for the investigation and understanding of systems of interacting growth-driven individuals.

Physical defects in fiber optics: A theoretical framework in phase space

Optik ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 121 (17) ◽  
pp. 1563-1569
Author(s):  
A.L. Rivera ◽  
V.M. Castaño
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Physical Defects

scholarly journals A mechanochemical model recapitulates distinct vertebrate gastrulation modes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Serra ◽  
Guillermo Serrano Najera ◽  
Manli Chuai ◽  
Vamsi Spandan ◽  
Cornelis J Weijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Uniform State ◽  
Mechanochemical Model ◽  
Predictive Theory

Gastrulation is a critical event in vertebrate morphogenesis driven by cellular processes, and characterized by coordinated multi-cellular movements that form the robust morphological structures. How these structures emerge in a developing organism and vary across vertebrates remains unclear. Inspired by experiments on the chick, we derive a theoretical framework that couples actomyosin activity to tissue flow, and provides a basis for the dynamics of gastrulation morphologies. Our model predicts the onset and development of observed experimental patterns of wild-type and perturbations of chick gastrulation as a spontaneous instability of a uniform state. Varying the initial conditions and a parameter in our model, allows us to recapitulate the phase space of gastrulation morphologies seen across vertebrates, consistent with experimental observations in the accompanying paper. All together, this suggests that early embryonic self-organization follows from a minimal predictive theory of active mechano-sensitive flows.

A one-dimensional self-gravitating stellar gas

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 46-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lecar
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Motion Picture ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Phase Space Distribution ◽  
Dimensional Phase Space ◽  
The Mean

“Dynamical mixing”, i.e. relaxation of a stellar phase space distribution through interaction with the mean gravitational field, is numerically investigated for a one-dimensional self-gravitating stellar gas. Qualitative results are presented in the form of a motion picture of the flow of phase points (representing homogeneous slabs of stars) in two-dimensional phase space.

Mind wandering as data augmentation: How mental travel supports abstraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrthe Faber
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Mental Content ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Important Addition

Abstract Gilead et al. state that abstraction supports mental travel, and that mental travel critically relies on abstraction. I propose an important addition to this theoretical framework, namely that mental travel might also support abstraction. Specifically, I argue that spontaneous mental travel (mind wandering), much like data augmentation in machine learning, provides variability in mental content and context necessary for abstraction.

Adaptive and Maladaptive Neural Plasticity Due to Facial Nerve Palsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten M. Klingner ◽  
Stefan Brodoehl ◽  
Gerd F. Volk ◽  
Orlando Guntinas-Lichius ◽  
Otto W. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy

Abstract. This paper reviews adaptive and maladaptive mechanisms of cortical plasticity in patients suffering from peripheral facial palsy. As the peripheral facial nerve is a pure motor nerve, a facial nerve lesion is causing an exclusive deefferentation without deafferentation. We focus on the question of how the investigation of pure deefferentation adds to our current understanding of brain plasticity which derives from studies on learning and studies on brain lesions. The importance of efference and afference as drivers for cortical plasticity is discussed in addition to the crossmodal influence of different competitive sensory inputs. We make the attempt to integrate the experimental findings of the effects of pure deefferentation within the theoretical framework of cortical responses and predictive coding. We show that the available experimental data can be explained within this theoretical framework which also clarifies the necessity for maladaptive plasticity. Finally, we propose rehabilitation approaches for directing cortical reorganization in the appropriate direction and highlight some challenging questions that are yet unexplored in the field.

A Theoretical Framework for Evaluating the Congruency of Organizational Practice

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Robinson ◽  
Allison N. Tenbrink ◽  
Rodger W. Griffeth
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Organizational Practice
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