Alternatives to Chemical Control of Insect Pests

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are suggested as a new class of alternates followed by Synthetic chemical control of the insect pests .Virulence of seven EPF isolates, four strains of Metarhizium {(Qin-08, Qin-13, Qin-18 and ME-38 (LT-178)}, two of Isaria {ME-33 (ILT-01), Yulin-5 (IYL-01)} and one of Beauveria bassiana (Qin-21) were assessed against the adults of Sitophilus oryzae under laboratory conditions, firstly at single conidial concentration (1x108 ml-1 ) by immersion and the food mix methods. Qin-21, ME-33 and Qin-18 caused significantly highest mortality of S.oryzae at immersion methods (100, 100 and 98%), followed by food mix method to 100, 84.16 and 91.66% respectively. Yulin-5 was the least effective, showing significantly the lowest mortality at food mixed (32.49%) and immersion methods (40.20%) respectively. Hence, the immersion method was found to be most effective, resulting the higher mortality rate of S. oryzae in comparison to food mix method, in all tested fungal isolates. Secondly, we screened out the most effective isolates for multiple dose comparison i.e., 1x104 to 1x107 conidia ml-1 by immersion method only. The isolate ME-33 resulted in 100% mortality of the pest at higher conidial dose as compared to Qin-21 and Qin-18 which showing 80 and 64.64% mortality respectively. The LT50 was observed to be 3.63, 4.17 and 8.58 days in ME-33, Qin-21 and Qin-18, respectively at the highest conidial concentration (1x107ml-1 ). ME-33 isolate with the highest mortality and lowest LT50 at conidial concentration 1x107 ml-1 proved to be most effective for the control of S. oryzae. So these fungal islotes could be a better alternative for the management of S. oryzae

Chemical Control of Insect Pests of Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus) with Pirimiphosmethyl ULV Formulation

East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal ◽

10.1080/00128325.1979.11663016 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 243-248

Author(s):

W. W. Luhanga ◽

W. K. Kayange

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Hibiscus Cannabinus

Biological Control as a Supplement to Chemical Control of Insect Pests

Nature ◽

10.1038/153448a0 ◽

1944 ◽

Vol 153 (3885) ◽

pp. 448-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

W. E. RIPPER

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Insect Pests

Chemical Control of Insect Pests and Insecticide Resistance in Oilseed Rape

Biocontrol-Based Integrated Management of Oilseed Rape Pests ◽

10.1007/978-90-481-3983-5_12 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 313-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Thomas Thieme ◽

Udo Heimbach ◽

Andreas Müller

Keyword(s):

Insecticide Resistance ◽

Oilseed Rape ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Insect Pests

The Occurrence of Insect Pests, Damage Rates and Chemical Control at Coniferous Seed Orchards

The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science ◽

10.7585/kjps.2019.23.4.241 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 241-250

Author(s):

Jin Taek Kang ◽

Suk Jun Lee ◽

Tae Su Kim ◽

Jin Sun Song ◽

Chae Min Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Seed Orchards

Validation of Integrated Pest Management modules ondefoliating insect pests of soybean

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.18805/asd.v36i4.6473 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

Author(s):

A. A. Motaphale ◽

B. B. Bhosle

Keyword(s):

Integrated Pest Management ◽

Pest Management ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Leaf Miner ◽

Larval Population ◽

Lower Population

The investigation was carried out during kharif 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 in order to know the effect of different IPM module on insect pests of soybean. Significantly lower population of (2.54 larvae/ mrl) H.armigera, per cent pod damage (4.23%) by H.armigera were observed in MAU module. The minimum larval population of semilooper (3.62 larvae/mrl), S.litura (2.64 larvae/mrl) and per cent leaflet damage (6.71%) due to leaf miner, the minimum per cent defoliation (10.49%) due to defoliators were observed in chemical control followed by MAU module.

Investigations of the chemical control of insect pests of cotton in central Africa. II.—Tests of insecticides with larvae and adults

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s000748530005272x ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 77-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G. A. Matthews

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Central Africa ◽

Heliothis Armigera ◽

First Instar ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Simulated Rain ◽

Plant Habit ◽

Dysdercus Intermedius

Further tests of insecticides, mainly carbaryl, endosulfan, endrin and DDT, for possible use against pests of cotton in Central Africa are described. In laboratory tests in Rhodesia, carbaryl was the most effective against first-instar larvae of Diparopsis castanea Hmps. exposed on leaves, stems and bracts of effective against second-instar larvae of Heliothis armigera (Hb.), to which the insecticides were applied directly, and carbaryl the least.When adults of Dysdercus intermedius Dist. and D. fasciatus Sign. were caged with treated bolls, carbaryl was the most effective, endrin the next and (against the former sp. only) endosulfan the least. Deposits on leaves from 0.5 per cent. sprays of carbaryl, DDT and endosulfan remained effective in dry conditions for two weeks, but application of 0.05–1.0 in of simulated rain reduced their effectiveness immediately, especially that of carbaryl. The effectiveness of deposits was also reduced by plant growth and was affected by plant habit; on a hairy variety the deposits persisted longer than on a glabrous one, partly because the hairs retained them and partly because they made movement of the larvae more difficult.

Bioefficacy of entomopathogenic mycoformulations and effect of adjuvants against nymphs of cabbage aphid, Brevicornye brassicae (Linnaeus)

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v13i2.2653 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 530-536

Author(s):

Karuna Thakur ◽

Neelam Joshi ◽

Sudhendu Sharma

Keyword(s):

Pest Management ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Management Program ◽

Environmentally Benign ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Percent Reduction ◽

Cabbage Aphid ◽

Percent Increase ◽

Cent Mortality

Cabbage aphid, Brevicornye brassicae (Linnaeus) is one of the major insect pests of cabbage. Chemical control is mostly used to manage this pest. The present investigation was conducted to evaluate an environmentally benign approach for the pest management through different entomopathogenic mycoformulations against nymphs of B. brassicae to identify effective mycoformulation. The effect of mycoformulations supplemented with different adjuvants against nymphs of B. Brassicae was also evaluated under laboratory conditions. The bioassay studies of fungal bioformulation against nymphs of B. brassicae recorded maximum cumulative per cent mortality (53.33%) in talc formulation of L. lecanii MTCC 956 and commercial L. Lecanii formulation @12g L-1 and these were at par with each other. Maximum percent reduction of nymphal population over control 54.66 and 51.33 per cent was recorded @12 g L-1in talc formulation of L. lecanii (MTCC 956) and commercial L. Lecanii formulation ten days after treatment respectively. Laboratory studies undertaken to evaluate talc formulation of L. lecanii MTCC 956 lecanii with and without adjuvants against the nymphs of B. brassicae recorded maximum percent increase in mortality over control (7.89%) in L. lecanii formulation + tween80@1%. Results of this study signified that L. lecanii formulation, when supplemented with adjuvants enhanced the growth of L. lecanii and increased mortality of nymphs of B. brassicae and could be used as a part of the integrated pest management program.

Evaluation of some Faba Bean Cultivars Yield under Chemical Control to Common Insect Pests and Fungal Diseases under El-Beheira Governorate Environmental Conditions

Journal of Plant Production ◽

10.21608/jpp.2019.36240 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 107-116

Author(s):

F. Waly ◽

E. Rashwan ◽

Gehad Abel-Whab ◽

I. Khafagy ◽

Hanim Arafa

Keyword(s):

Faba Bean ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Fungal Diseases

Bell Pepper and Lettuce Response to Garlic Sprays

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.4.602b ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 602B-602

Author(s):

Eric H. Simonne ◽

John T. Owen ◽

Joseph M. Kemble

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Water Spray ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Chemical Spray ◽

Lettuce Growth

The efficacy of garlic spray (GS; Garlic Barrier™) as an alternative to conventional chemical control of disease and insect pests was evaluated on bell pepper and lettuce. Treatments consisted of a recommended chemical spray as needed (Treat. 1), GS applied once (Treat. 2) or twice (Treat. 3) a week, and water spray applied twice a week (Treat. 4). Because of no pest pressure during the test, no chemical sprays were used in Treat. 1. Differences among bell pepper yields were not significant (P > 0.50). For lettuce, Treat. 2 resulted in significantly (P = 0.02) higher head yield. Differences among treatments were not visually detectable in the field. These results suggested that GB applied at the manufacturer's rate (Treat. 2) did not adversely affect bell pepper and lettuce growth and yield. Garlic smell was not detectable on either vegetables, even after Treat. 3. Due to a low pest pressure, this study failed to identify beneficial effects of the GS. Without more scientific reports, relying only on GS to control pests of bell pepper and lettuce may involve uncontrolled risks.