scholarly journals Models and Methods for Intelligent Highway Routing of Human-Driven and Connected-and-Automated Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Alimardani ◽  
Nilesh Suriyarachchi ◽  
Faizan M. Tariq ◽  
John S. Baras
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Highway Networks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Explicit Consideration

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have seen a rapid surge in interest over the past few years. A lot of focus is being placed on improving the efficiency and robustness of transportation systems by leveraging the sensors and capabilities of CAVs. However, the integration of CAVs into existing traffic infrastructure would give rise to certain issues that must be addressed before the CAVs can be seen ubiquitously on public roads. Since the highway networks are considered permanent investments that are expensive to build and maintain, the priority is to improve the efficiency of the current traffic system. This chapter explores the integration of two of the most common traffic management strategies, namely, ramp metering (RM) and route guidance (RG), into existing highway networks with human-driven vehicles (HDVs). The introduction of CAVs to public roads will engender issues pertaining to safe interactions between CAVs and HDVs. The later part of the chapter addresses the specific problems of improving highway on-ramp merging efficiency by optimally coordinating CAVs. The chapter concludes by presenting a scenario that requires an explicit consideration of interactions between HDVs and CAVs.

Simulation Laboratory for Evaluating Dynamic Traffic Management Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 1710 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yang ◽  
Haris N. Koutsopoulos ◽  
Moshe E. Ben-Akiva
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Dynamic Traffic ◽  
Traveler Information ◽  
Traveler Information Systems ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Traffic Management System

Advanced traffic management systems (ATMS) and advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) are promising technologies for achieving efficiency in the operation of transportation systems. A simulation-based laboratory environment, MITSIMLab, is presented that is designed for testing and evaluation of dynamic traffic management systems. The core of MITSIMLab is a microscopic traffic simulator (MITSIM) and a traffic management simulator (TMS). MITSIM represents traffic flows in the network, and the TMS represents the traffic management system under evaluation. An important feature of MITSIMLab is its ability to model ATMS or ATIS that generate traffic controls and route guidance based on predicted traffic conditions. A graphical user interface allows visualization of the simulation, including animation of vehicle movements. An ATIS case study with a realistic network is also presented to demonstrate the functionality of MITSIMLab.

Navigation and Intelligent Transportation Systems

1998 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Cellular Phone ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety

Navigation and Intelligent Transportation Systems contains 40 papers covering the technical and functional aspects of these systems including: 3D mapping, route guidance, cellular phone access, electronic compasses, and the history and future of navigation systems. The book also covers the important role of navigation in Intelligent Transportation Systems concerned with traffic management, traveler information, vehicle control systems, commercial vehicle operations, and public and rural transportation systems. The book concludes with a chapter on the Intelligent Vehicle Initiative, a joint program between the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the Federal Highway Administration, and the Federal Transit Administration.

Analyzing Simulation-Based Active Traffic Management Impact on a Large-Scale Regional Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (8) ◽  
pp. 638-647
Author(s):  
Minha Lee ◽  
Chenfeng Xiong ◽  
Zheng Zhu ◽  
Weiyi Zhou ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dynamic Traffic Assignment ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Traffic Impacts

A vast number of real-time corridor management strategies have been introduced because the dynamics of traffic patterns and increased congestion result in challenging problems on road systems. Although these strategies can offer positive impacts on regional traffic, their evaluation tools are often limited to the scope of one specific corridor. To fill this gap, this study integrates a mesoscopic dynamic traffic assignment simulation model with an existing traffic-responsive ramp metering strategy. This integrated model is suitable for network-wide analysis and large-scale simulation of integrated corridor management strategies. The integrated modeling platform is demonstrated as a practice-ready tool. We present a case study that explores the benefits of metering control under various traffic conditions in a real-world network in Maryland. Both local and network-wide impacts are illustrated in the case study. This is one of the first attempts to simultaneously analyze network-wide traffic impacts and capture minute-by-minute demand–supply interactions under managed corridor strategies. The results indicate that ramp metering is beneficial even under non-recurrent traffic conditions at multiple spatial resolutions.

scholarly journals Corridor-Wise Eco-Friendly Cooperative Ramp Management System for Connected and Automated Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8557
Author(s):  
Zhouqiao Zhao ◽  
Guoyuan Wu ◽  
Matthew Barth
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Management System ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Real Time Traffic

Safety, mobility, and environmental sustainability are three fundamental issues that our transportation system has been confronting for decades. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) aim to address these problems by leveraging disruptive technologies, such as connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). The cooperative potential of CAVs enable more efficient maneuvers and operation of a group of vehicles, or even the entire traffic system. In addition, CAVs may couple with other emerging technologies such as electrification to boost overall system performance and to further mitigate the aforementioned issues. In this study, we propose a hierarchical eco-friendly cooperative ramp management system, where macroscopically, a stratified ramp metering algorithm, is deployed to coordinate all of the ramp inflow rates along a corridor according to the real-time traffic condition; microscopically, a model predictive control (MPC)-based algorithm is designed for the detailed speed control of individual CAVs. Using the shared information from CAVs, the proposed ramp management system can smooth traffic flow, improve system mobility, and decrease the energy consumption of the network. Moreover, traffic simulation has been conducted using PTV VISSIM under various congestion levels for vehicles with different powertrain types, i.e., an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. Compared to conventional ramp metering, the proposed ramp management system may improve mobility by 48.6–56.7% and save energy by 24.0–35.1%. Compared to no control scenarios, savings in travel time and energy consumption are in the ranges of 79.4–89.1% and 0.8–2.5%, respectively.

scholarly journals Route guidance strategies revisited: Comparison and evaluation in an asymmetric two-route traffic network

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 1450005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengbing He ◽  
Bokui Chen ◽  
Ning Jia ◽  
Wei Guan ◽  
Benchuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Network ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Guidance Strategies ◽  
Alternative Routes

To alleviate traffic congestion, a variety of route guidance strategies have been proposed for intelligent transportation systems. A number of strategies are introduced and investigated on a symmetric two-route traffic network over the past decade. To evaluate the strategies in a more general scenario, this paper conducts eight prevalent strategies on an asymmetric two-route traffic network with different slowdown behaviors on alternative routes. The results show that only mean velocity feedback strategy (MVFS) is able to equalize travel time, i.e. approximate user optimality (UO); while the others fail due to incapability of establishing relations between the feedback parameters and travel time. The paper helps better understand these strategies, and suggests MVFS if the authority intends to achieve user optimality.

scholarly journals A NOVEL DEEP LEARNING BASED METHOD FOR DETECTION AND COUNTING OF VEHICLES IN URBAN TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2021 ◽  
pp. 793-800
Author(s):  
J. J. Majin ◽  
Y. M. Valencia ◽  
M. E. Stivanello ◽  
M. R. Stemmer ◽  
J. D. Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Detection Model

Abstract. In intelligent transportation systems (ITS), it is essential to obtain reliable statistics of the vehicular flow in order to create urban traffic management strategies. These systems have benefited from the increase in computational resources and the improvement of image processing methods, especially in object detection based on deep learning. This paper proposes a method for vehicle counting composed of three stages: object detection, tracking and trajectory processing. In order to select the detection model with the best trade-off between accuracy and speed, the following one-stage detection models were compared: SSD512, CenterNet, Efficiedet-D0 and YOLO family models (v2, v3 and v4). Experimental results conducted on the benchmark dataset show that the best rates among the detection models were obtained using YOLOv4 with mAP = 87% and a processing speed of 18 FPS. On the other hand, the accuracy obtained in the proposed counting method was 94% with a real-time processing rate lower than 1.9.

Implementation of Active Traffic Management Strategies for Safety on Congested Expressway Weaving Segments

2017 ◽  
Vol 2635 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Aty ◽  
Jaeyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ramp Metering ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Variable Speed Limit ◽  
Average Travel Time ◽  
The Impact

In weaving segments, traffic merges, diverges, and weaves in a limited space. These traffic maneuvers might result in high crash hazards. To improve the safety of a congested expressway weaving segment, this study tested various active traffic management (ATM) strategies in microsimulations. Crash odds and the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model were used to evaluate the impact of ATM strategies on traffic safety. The crash odds were calculated based on the real-time safety analysis model for weaving segments. The strategies included ramp metering (RM), variable speed limit (VSL), and integrated RM and VSL (RM-VSL). Overall, the results showed that the ATM strategies improved the safety of the studied weaving segment. The modified ALINEA RM algorithms, which took lane occupancy and safety into consideration, outperformed the traditional ALINEA algorithm from a safety perspective. The 45 mph VSLs, which were located at the upstream of the studied weaving segment, significantly enhanced safety without notably increasing average travel time. A consolidated RM-VSL strategy was also proposed with the aim of improving traffic safety by implementing RM and VSL. In the consolidated RM-VSL strategy, the modified ALINEA RM was adjusted according to the queue length to prevent long queues on ramps. The results proved that the consolidated RM-VSL strategy reduced the number of conflicts by 16.8% and decreased the crash odds by 6.0%.

scholarly journals Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy: Overview of an Emerging Medical Problem from Pathophysiology to Outcomes

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Gabriele Savioli ◽  
Iride Francesca Ceresa ◽  
Luca Caneva ◽  
Sebastiano Gerosa ◽  
Giovanni Ricevuti
Keyword(s):  
Major Trauma ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trauma Induced Coagulopathy ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Trauma Mortality

Coagulopathy induced by major trauma is common, affecting approximately one-third of patients after trauma. It develops independently of iatrogenic, hypothermic, and dilutive causes (such as iatrogenic cause in case of fluid administration), which instead have a pejorative aspect on coagulopathy. Notwithstanding the continuous research conducted over the past decade on Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy (TIC), it remains a life-threatening condition with a significant impact on trauma mortality. We reviewed the current evidence regarding TIC diagnosis and pathophysiological mechanisms and summarized the different iterations of optimal TIC management strategies among which product resuscitation, potential drug administrations, and hemostatis-focused approaches. We have identified areas of ongoing investigation and controversy in TIC management.

scholarly journals The Way Forward for Indirect Structural Health Monitoring (iSHM) Using Connected and Automated Vehicles in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Gkoumas ◽  
Kyriaki Gkoktsi ◽  
Flavio Bono ◽  
Maria Cristina Galassi ◽  
Daniel Tirelli
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Civil Infrastructures ◽  
Vehicle Automation ◽  
Labor Requirements

Europe’s aging transportation infrastructure requires optimized maintenance programs. However, data and monitoring systems may not be readily available to support strategic decisions or they may require costly installations in terms of time and labor requirements. In recent years, the possibility of monitoring bridges by indirectly sensing relevant parameters from traveling vehicles has emerged—an approach that would allow for the elimination of the costly installation of sensors and monitoring campaigns. The advantages of cooperative, connected, and automated mobility (CCAM), which is expected to become a reality in Europe towards the end of this decade, should therefore be considered for the future development of iSHM strategies. A critical review of methods and strategies for CCAM, including Intelligent Transportation Systems, is a prerequisite for moving towards the goal of identifying the synergies between CCAM and civil infrastructures, in line with future developments in vehicle automation. This study presents the policy framework of CCAM in Europe and discusses the policy enablers and bottlenecks of using CCAM in the drive-by monitoring of transport infrastructure. It also highlights the current direction of research within the iSHM paradigm towards the identification of technologies and methods that could benefit from the use of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs).

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