scholarly journals Family and School Predictors of Tobacco Use in Chilean Adolescents Aged 13 - 14: A National Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Eduard Maury-Sintjago ◽  
Julio Parra-Flores
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
Study Data ◽  
National Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
School Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: Adolescent smoking is a major health care concern which calls for a more in-depth study of the factors affecting this pediatric disease. We aimed to determine the prevalence of tobacco use among Chilean adolescents aged 13 - 14 and its association with family and school factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study. Data from the Eleventh Chilean National Study of Drugs in the School Population 2015 were used (n = 11,791). School and family variables of parental control were evaluated and analyzed by the chi-Square test and a multivariate logistic regression model. Data were processed with the STATA V. 14.0 software at the α = 0.05 level of significance. Results: The prevalence of tobacco use at some time during life was 36% with onset age of 11.4 ± 3.6 years. Girls smoke proportionally more than boys (40.5% and 31.5%, respectively). Parental monitoring decreased use and acted as a protective factor (OR: 0.41, 95%CI: 0.375 - 0.468); likewise for good school performance (OR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.475 - 0.584). In turn, running away from school raises the risk of smoking (OR: 2.34, 95%CI: 2.03 - 2.72). Conclusions: There is a feminization of cigarette use, and the risk of cigarette smoking increases considerably among adolescents who run away from school. However, parental control and school performance are powerful protective factors against early tobacco use.

scholarly journals Relationships between video-gaming habits, parental monitoring and school performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Daniel Lloret Irles ◽  
Víctor Cabrera Perona ◽  
Yolanda Sanz Baños
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Gambling Problem ◽  
Problem Behaviour ◽  
Significant Relationships

Children spend an average of 1.3 hours per day on video game and problematic video gaming prevalence is set between 2% and 8%. High levels of intensity and frequency of video gaming are associated with lower school achievement. Home is the most preferred place to play. Therefore parental monitoring is crucial. Objective: To analyse gaming patterns and to identify significant relationships between parental monitoring and academic performance. Method: Participants: 610 students of Secondary Education mean age 13.84 years (SD=1.27; range 12-16). Ad hoc scales were developed to analyse gaming frequency and intensity, school performance and parental monitoring. Results: Children, whose parents control gaming time and show interest in the contents continuously, play significantly fewer days, fewer hours and with adjusted contents to their age. Those with discontinuous parental control ("sometimes"), show a higher gaming frequency and intensity, and the proportion of unadjusted content, and do not differ from those without parental control. In addition, a greater number of hours of play are related to lower academic achievement. Discussion/ conclusions: This work helps in defining gambling problem behaviour. Results indicate that parental control is effective, on condition that it must be continuous and consistent.

scholarly journals Relationships between video-gaming habits, parental monitoring and school performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Daniel Lloret Irles ◽  
Víctor Cabrera Perona ◽  
Yolanda Sanz Baños
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Gambling Problem ◽  
Problem Behaviour ◽  
Significant Relationships

Children spend an average of 1.3 hours per day on video game and problematic video gaming prevalence is set between 2% and 8%. High levels of intensity and frequency of video gaming are associated with lower school achievement. Home is the most preferred place to play. Therefore parental monitoring is crucial. Objective: To analyse gaming patterns and to identify significant relationships between parental monitoring and academic performance. Method: Participants: 610 students of Secondary Education mean age 13.84 years (SD=1.27; range 12-16). Ad hoc scales were developed to analyse gaming frequency and intensity, school performance and parental monitoring. Results: Children, whose parents control gaming time and show interest in the contents continuously, play significantly fewer days, fewer hours and with adjusted contents to their age. Those with discontinuous parental control ("sometimes"), show a higher gaming frequency and intensity, and the proportion of unadjusted content, and do not differ from those without parental control. In addition, a greater number of hours of play are related to lower academic achievement. Discussion/ conclusions: This work helps in defining gambling problem behaviour. Results indicate that parental control is effective, on condition that it must be continuous and consistent.

scholarly journals Parental anti-smoking encouragement as a longitudinal predictor of young adult cigarette and e-cigarette use in a US national study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Broun ◽  
Denise Haynie ◽  
Kelvin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Health Study ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Parental Encouragement ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Introduction Young adulthood is a critical period for the adoption of risk behaviors like tobacco use. Protective factors in adolescence may promote a tobacco-free transition to young adulthood. We examine associations between the frequency of parental anti-smoking encouragement in adolescence and cigarette and e-cigarette use in young adulthood. Methods We analyzed data from Waves 1 (2009-10, 10 th grade, mean age=16.2 years) and 5 (2013-14 mean age=20.3 years) of the U.S. nationally representative NEXT Generation Health Study (n=1,718). At Wave 1, participants reported how often their parents/guardians encourage them to not smoke cigarettes (1=Rarely/never, 7=Frequently). We used separate weighted multiple logistic regressions to model Wave 5 past-30-day cigarette and e-cigarette use as functions of the frequency of parental anti-smoking encouragement at Wave 1, adjusting for sociodemographic and parenting factors, initial substance use, and peer tobacco use. Results The average frequency of parental encouragement to not smoke cigarettes was fairly high (mean=5.35). At Wave 5, 24.7% and 14.2% of respondents reported cigarette e-cigarette use in the past 30 days, respectively. Greater frequency of parental anti-smoking encouragement was associated with lower odds of subsequent cigarette smoking (AOR 0.91, 95% CI 0.83, 0.99) but its association with e-cigarette use was not significant (AOR 0.93, 95% CI 0.84, 1.04). Conclusions The longitudinal negative association between anti-smoking encouragement and cigarette use suggests that parental anti-tobacco communication could be a long-term protective factor against young adult tobacco use. Our findings may also suggest the importance of product-specific messages in the evolving tobacco use landscape. Implications This study builds upon prior investigations of parenting in adolescence as a protective factor against young adult risk behavior. We isolate the frequency of anti-smoking encouragement during adolescence as an actionable factor distinct from other parenting variables. Our findings also suggest that message specificity may be an important factor in parental anti-tobacco communication as youth and young adult tobacco use becomes increasingly dominated by e-cigarettes.

Perceived Parental Monitoring on Adolescence Premarital Sexual Behavior in Pontianak City, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Suwarni ◽  
Djauhar Ismail ◽  
Yayi Suryo Prabandari ◽  
MG Adiyanti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Premarital Sexual

Inadaquate parental monitoring is widely recognized as a risk factor for the development of child and adolescent conduct problems, including early premarital sexual behavior. Previous studies examining parental monitoring have largely effect to adolescents premarital sexual behavior. Parental monitoring is the most important and effective factor to prevent early adolescents sexual activity. This paper examines the role of perceived parental monitoring in adolescent’s premarital sexual behavior (study on Adolescent’s Junior High School in Pontianak). A cross-sectional study and proportionated random sampling was conducted among 402 adolescents of junior high school at six subdistricts in Pontianak. SEM analyses was conducted using SMART-PLS. Result of path analysis revealed that parental knowledge (r = 0.389) and parental-adolescence relationship (r = 0.334) had a strong influence on parental monitoring. Then, parental monitoring had a significant indirect relationship with adolescent premarital sexual behavior through attitudes about premarital sexual (path coefficient = 0.063), and attitudes about premarital sexual and intention to sexual behaviour (path coefficient = 0.03). Parental monitoring can act as protective factor in early adolescent premarital sexual behavior. Therefore, risk reduction interventions with adolescents should include their parents to learn about monitoring skill and develop skill that will allow them to buffer negative influences.

scholarly journals Monitoring Matters

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lac ◽  
William D. Crano
Keyword(s):  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
File Drawer ◽  
Adolescent Marijuana Use ◽  
Practical Implications

Parental monitoring is commonly accredited as an important protective factor against risky adolescent behaviors. In this meta-analytic review, associations of adolescents' perceptions of parental monitoring with adolescent marijuana use were collected and quantified across 25 independent samples from 17 empirical studies involving 35,367 unique participants. Applying a random-effects model, the average magnitude of effect was r = –.21. The association was significantly stronger in female-only samples (r = –.31 vs. r = –.19, p < .001) and when parental monitoring was defined purely in terms of parental knowledge of the child's whereabouts, activities, and relations (r = –.24 vs. r = –.19, p < .05). Cross-sectional (r = –.23) and longitudinal studies (r = –.10) disclosed significant effect sizes. To assess publication bias, a file-drawer analysis indicated that 7,358 studies of nil effect size would be necessary to render the association of parental monitoring and reduced marijuana usage nonsignificant. Theoretical and practical implications of parental monitoring are discussed, especially issues concerning the measurement of parental monitoring and the possible utility of the construct in curtailing marijuana use.

scholarly journals Perceived Parental Monitoring on Adolescence Premarital Sexual Behavior in Pontianak City, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Linda Suwarni ◽  
Djauhar Ismail ◽  
Yayi Suryo Prabandari ◽  
MG Adiyanti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Premarital Sexual

Inadaquate parental monitoring is widely recognized as a risk factor for the development of child and adolescent conduct problems, including early premarital sexual behavior. Previous studies examining parental monitoring have largely effect to adolescents premarital sexual behavior. Parental monitoring is the most important and effective factor to prevent early adolescents sexual activity. This paper examines the role of perceived parental monitoring in adolescent’s premarital sexual behavior (study on Adolescent’s Junior High School in Pontianak). A cross-sectional study and proportionated random sampling was conducted among 402 adolescents of junior high school at six subdistricts in Pontianak. SEM analyses was conducted using SMART-PLS. Result of path analysis revealed that parental knowledge (r = 0.389) and parental-adolescence relationship (r = 0.334) had a strong influence on parental monitoring. Then, parental monitoring had a significant indirect relationship with adolescent premarital sexual behavior through attitudes about premarital sexual (path coefficient = 0.063), and attitudes about premarital sexual and intention to sexual behaviour (path coefficient = 0.03). Parental monitoring can act as protective factor in early adolescent premarital sexual behavior. Therefore, risk reduction interventions with adolescents should include their parents to learn about monitoring skill and develop skill that will allow them to buffer negative influences.

scholarly journals A multicentre national study of the effectiveness of virtual fracture clinic management of orthopaedic trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic (MAVCOV): a cross-sectional study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Zhan H. Ng ◽  
Samantha Downie ◽  
Navnit S. Makaram ◽  
Shivam N. Kolhe ◽  
Samuel P. Mackenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinic Management ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Aims Virtual fracture clinics (VFCs) are advocated by recent British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma and Orthopaedics (BOASTs) to efficiently manage injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary aim of this national study is to assess the impact of these standards on patient satisfaction and clinical outcome amid the pandemic. The secondary aims are to determine the impact of the pandemic on the demographic details of injuries presenting to the VFC, and to compare outcomes and satisfaction when the BOAST guidelines were first introduced with a subsequent period when local practice would be familiar with these guidelines. Methods This is a national cross-sectional cohort study comprising centres with VFC services across the UK. All consecutive adult patients assessed in VFC in a two-week period pre-lockdown (6 May 2019 to 19 May 2019) and in the same two-week period at the peak of the first lockdown (4 May 2020 to 17 May 2020), and a randomly selected sample during the ‘second wave’ (October 2020) will be eligible for the study. Data comprising local VFC practice, patient and injury characteristics, unplanned re-attendances, and complications will be collected by local investigators for all time periods. A telephone questionnaire will be used to determine patient satisfaction and patient-reported outcomes for patients who were discharged following VFC assessment without face-to-face consultation. Ethics and dissemination The study results will identify changes in case-mix and numbers of patients managed through VFCs and whether this is safe and associated with patient satisfaction. These data will provide key information for future expert-led consensus on management of trauma injuries through the VFC. The protocol will be disseminated through conferences and peer-reviewed publication. This protocol has been reviewed by the South East Scotland Research Ethics Service and is classified as a multicentre audit. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(3):211–215.

scholarly journals 663 A Multi-centre National Study of the Effectiveness of Virtual Fracture Clinic Management of Orthopaedic Trauma during the COVID-19 Pandemic (MAVCOV): A Cross-sectional Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z H Ng ◽  
S Downie ◽  
N Makaram ◽  
S Kolhe ◽  
S Mackenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinic Management ◽  
Future Clinical Practice ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim Virtual fracture clinics (VFCs) are advocated by recent British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma and Orthopaedics (BOASTs) to efficiently manage injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary aim of this national study is to assess the impact of these standards on patient satisfaction and clinical outcome amid the pandemic. The secondary aims are to determine the impact of the pandemic on demographics of injuries presenting to the VFC and to compare outcomes and satisfaction when the BOAST guidelines were first introduced with a subsequent period when local practice would be familiar with these guidelines. Method This is a national cross-sectional cohort study comprising centres with VFC services across the United Kingdom. All consecutive adult patients assessed at VFC pre-lockdown (6 May 2019 to 19 May 2019) and at the peak of the first lockdown (4 May 2020 to 17 May 2020), and a randomly selected sample during the second wave (October 2020) will be eligible for the study. Data comprising local VFC practice, patient and injury characteristics, unplanned re-attendances, and complications will be collected. A telephone questionnaire will be used to determine patient satisfaction and patient-reported outcomes for patients who were discharged following VFC assessment without face-to-face consultation. Results As of 31 October 2020, 51 hospitals with VFC services have been recruited to participate in this study. Conclusions The study results will identify changes in case-mix and numbers of patients managed through VFCs, due to urgent necessity, and whether this is safe and is associated with patient satisfaction to inform future clinical practice.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Uses of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
Andrea Piesse ◽  
Jean Opsomer ◽  
Sylvia Dohrmann ◽  
Ralph DiGaetano ◽  
David Morganstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Quality Metrics ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objectives: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a nationally representative study of the US population on tobacco use and its effects on health, with 3 waves of data collection between 2013 and 2016. Prior work described the methods of the first wave. In this paper, we describe the methods of the subsequent 2 waves and provide recommendations for how to conduct longitudinal analyses of PATH Study data. Methods: We use standard survey quality metrics to evaluate the results of the follow-up waves of the PATH Study. The recommendations and examples of longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses of PATH Study data follow a design-based statistical inference framework. Results: The quality metrics indicate that the PATH Study sample of approximately 40,000 continuing respondents remains representative of its target population. Depending on the intended analysis, different survey weights may be appropriate. Conclusion: The PATH Study data are a valuable resource for regulatory scientists interested in longitudinal analysis of tobacco use and its effects on health. The availability of multiple sets of specialized survey weights enables researchers to target a wide range of tobacco-related analytic questions.

scholarly journals Exposure to tobacco smoke among pupils from Sopot primary schools. SOPKARD study results

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ł Balwicki ◽  
A Tyrańska-Fobke ◽  
K L Suligowska ◽  
T Zdrojewski
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Study Results

Abstract Background The problem of tobacco use among minors and in their immediate environment remains a significant challenge in Poland. Although Poland has passed smoke free law children are still being exposed to tobacco smoke. The purpose of this study was to analyze the phenomenon of tobacco use by children in City of Sopot and in their surroundings. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the SOPKARD program for early detection of risk factors for civilization diseases in children and adolescents. A limited GYTS questionnaire was utilized to conduct the study. Data was collected from all the fifth grade students (9-11 yo) attending to Sopot primary schools in 2017 and 2018. Results The study involved 385 students (161 in 2017 and 224 in 2018). Only few students tried to smoke traditional cigarettes (3%) or use electronic e-cigarettes (2%). Despite the legal ban, 24% of students saw smokers in the school premises. In addition, 34% of children said that one or both of their parents smokes and that in only slightly more than ¾ of the houses smoking is completely prohibited. As many as 66% of students reported smoking incidents in the cars they travel. There were 16% students who think they could start smoking in the future. Conclusions The results suggest that Sopot children are still exposed to tobacco smoke inhalation. It happens in private, non-smoking areas (homes and family cars). It is worth conducting educational activities and considering legislative initiatives such as smoking ban in vehicles carrying children to stimulate parents to take care more of the health of their children. Key messages Although tobacco legislation in Poland protects people from passive smoking in public places children are still exposed in private premises. Ban on smoking should be extended to privates cars at minimum.

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