scholarly journals Characterization of Blood-isolated, Penicillin-Nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae From Children Between 2014 and 2018 in Bojnurd, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Azimian ◽  
Mahsa Khosrojerdi ◽  
Abdollah Kebriaei ◽  
Hasan Namdar-Ahmadabad ◽  
Reza Besharati
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Common Serotypes ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
The Common

Background: Streptococcus pneumonia is one of the common bacterial pathogens in pediatrics. In this study, we performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing, serotyping, and molecular typing of blood-isolated strains of pneumococci in Bojnurd. Objectives: In the current study, blood-isolated, penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and typing of capsular polysaccharides using the quelling reaction and PCR method, as well as genotyping using the Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) method. Methods: In this study, 51 S. pneumonia strains were isolated from blood samples of children less than five-years-old in 2014 - 2018. Antibiogram was performed using the Kirby-Bauer method. All of the isolates were serotyped by the Quelling reaction and PCR. The MLST method was applied to determine the molecular types. Results: Our study revealed that the most common serotypes of blood-isolated pneumococci were 19A, 6A/B, 1, 23F, 19F, 14, 15B/C, and 15A, and the common serotypes in Penicillin-nonsusceptible pneumococci (PNSP) isolates were 19F, 19A, 23F, 14, and finally 15A, 6A/B, 1, and 15B/C. The MLST analysis of PNSP isolates revealed that three highly resistant isolates with MIC ≥ 16 belonged to Sweden15A-25-19A (ST63), Taiwan19F-14-1 (ST236), and Taiwan19F-14 (ST236) clones. Conclusions: Regarding the common serotypes in this study, it seems that PCV-13 is a suitable choice for vaccination in this area. We also observed a high prevalence of PNSP and MDR strains between 2014 and 2018. It seems that the Taiwan19F-14 clone and its related STs played an essential role in the diffusion of antibiotic-resistant S. pneumonia isolates in Bojnurd.

scholarly journals Low-level antimicrobial resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from the nares of pig-exposed persons

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. FISCHER ◽  
K. HILLE ◽  
A. MELLMANN ◽  
F. SCHAUMBURG ◽  
L. KREIENBROCK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Morganella Morganii ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Nasal Swabs

SUMMARYExtended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) have recently emerged in livestock and humans. Therefore, this study assessed the carriage of Enterobacteriaceae in the anterior nares and associated antimicrobial resistance in pig-exposed persons. Nasal swabs were enriched in non-selective broth and then plated on MacConkey and ESBL-selective agars. Species was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines. Of 114 pig-exposed persons tested, Enterobacteriaceae were detected in the nares of 76 (66·7%) participants. The predominant species were Proteus mirabilis (n = 17, 14·9%), Pantoea agglomerans (n = 13, 11·4%), Morganella morganii (n = 9, 7·9%), Citrobacter koseri (n = 9, 7·9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris (each n = 8, 7·0%). ESBL-E were not detected. Of all isolates tested, 3·4% were resistant against ciprofloxacin, 2·3% against gentamicin, 23·9% against trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 44·3% against tigecycline. Despite the high prevalence of ESBL-E in livestock, pig-exposed persons did not carry ESBL-E in their nares. This finding is important, because colonization of the nasal reservoir might cause endogenous infections or facilitate transmission of ESBL-E in the general population.

scholarly journals Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Campylobacter Using a Microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip Device

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyao Ma ◽  
Marlen Petersen ◽  
Xiaonan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
On Chip

ABSTRACT Campylobacter spp. have been recognized as major foodborne pathogens worldwide. An increasing frequency of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, including Campylobacter spp., have been identified to transmit from food products to humans and cause severe threats to public health. To better mitigate the antibiotic resistance crisis, rapid detection methods are required to provide timely antimicrobial resistance surveillance data for agri-food systems. Herein, we developed a polymer-based microfluidic device for the identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of Campylobacter spp. An array of bacterial incubation chambers were created in the microfluidic device, where chromogenic medium and antibiotics were loaded. The growth of Campylobacter spp. was visualized by color change due to chromogenic reactions. This platform achieved 100% specificity for Campylobacter identification. Sensitive detection of multiple Campylobacter species (C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari) was obtained in artificially contaminated milk and poultry meat, with detection limits down to 1 × 102 CFU/ml and 1 × 104 CFU/25 g, respectively. On-chip AST determined Campylobacter antibiotic susceptibilities by the lowest concentration of antibiotics that can inhibit bacterial growth (i.e., no color change observed). High coincidences (91% to 100%) of on-chip AST and the conventional agar dilution method were achieved against several clinically important antibiotics. For a presumptive colony, on-chip identification and AST were completed in parallel within 24 h, whereas standard methods, including biochemical assays and traditional culture-based AST, take several days for multiple sequential steps. In conclusion, this lab-on-a-chip device can achieve rapid and reliable detection of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter spp. IMPORTANCE Increasing concerns of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter spp. with regard to public health emphasize the importance of efficient and fast detection. This study described the timely identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Campylobacter spp. by using a microfluidic device. Our developed method not only reduced the total analysis time, but it also simplified food sample preparation and chip operation for end users. Due to the miniaturized size of the lab-on-a-chip platform, the detection was achieved by using up to 1,000 times less of the reagents than with standard reference methods, making it a competitive approach for rapid screening and surveillance study in food industries. In addition, multiple clinically important Campylobacter species (C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari) could be tested by our device. This device has potential for wide application in food safety management and clinical diagnostics, especially in resource-limited regions.

scholarly journals Nasopharyngeal colonization of infants in southern India with Streptococcus pneumoniae

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. JEBARAJ ◽  
T. CHERIAN ◽  
P. RAGHUPATHY ◽  
K. N. BRAHMADATHAN ◽  
M. K. LALITHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Colonization ◽  
Invasive Isolate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Baby Clinic ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
The Common

To investigate the dynamics of nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae, and to determine the prevalent serogroups/types (SGT) and their antimicrobial susceptibility, we studied 100 infants attending our well-baby clinic. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were obtained at 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22 weeks and at 9 and 18 months of age and submitted for culture, serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of S. pneumoniae. Colonization with pneumococcus was seen on at least one occasion in 81 infants. The median age of acquisition was 11 weeks and the median duration of carriage was 1·3 months. The common SGTs identified were 6, 19, 14 and 15. SGT 1, which was a common invasive isolate in children in our hospital during this period, was not isolated from these children. Sequential colonization by 2, 3 or 4 SGTs was observed in 18, 5 and 2 children, respectively. Resistance to penicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and erythromycin was observed in 0, 13 (6%) 11 (5%) and 5 (3%) isolates, respectively. There was a significant difference in susceptibility to cotrimoxazole between colonizing and invasive isolates (5% vs. 40%, P<0·0001).

Antibacterial Susceptibility Patterns and Characterization of Clinical Isolates of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica in Henan Province, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 560-563
Author(s):  
Tao Yu ◽  
Hao Ying ◽  
Zhen Bin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Elizabethkingia Meningoseptica ◽  
Environmental Surfaces ◽  
Antibacterial Susceptibility ◽  
Insight Into

This study aimed to provide insight into antimicrobial susceptibility and homology of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica in a hospital environment. Samples from environmental surfaces and the hands of medical staff were screened for E. meningoseptica and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed; Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) was employed to subtype E. meningoseptica strains; The resistant genes were detected by PCR. In total, six isolates of E. meningoseptica were collected from 280 samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all of the six strains displayed multiresistance, showing resistance to more than three different classes of antibiotics. The strains were separated into five different PFGE patterns. The sulII gene was detected in four of the strains. Our data show that multiresistant E. meningoseptica strains exist in the hospital environment and susceptibility testing revealed that vancomycin was the most effective antibiotic. These results have practical significance for treatment of E. meningoseptica infection.

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