L’essere grezzo della tecnica

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 249-264
Author(s):  
Andrea Zoppis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
The World

Through a reading of Merleau-Ponty’s late courses on Nature, this essay presents a new reflection on technique and makes explicit the ontological significance of a rethinking of technique in this period. After an analysis of the historical sense of the notion of Nature and of animal behavior, we turn to cybernetics. The need to rethink man on the basis of his contingency, that is, on the basis of his relationship with the world and with the technical objects through which this relationship is structured, arises in the essay. Merleau-Ponty’s course on Nature has thus allowed us to investigate the ontological significance of the notion of technique by considering technical objects that Merleau-Ponty himself references. Technique, by prolonging Nature, becomes the keystone to the contact between man and Being, thus illustrating the necessity, for philosophy and for culture, of a return to the contact with brute being that founds and inhabits it.

scholarly journals AKSIOLOGI NILAI PENDEKATAN DAN STRATEGI PENANAMAN NILAI

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-165
Author(s):  
Zuhri Zuhri
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Positive Potential ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Human Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Successful Education

The writing of this paper, aimed at knowing the meaning of the axiology of value, and the educational approach, as well as any strategy used in the planting of values in Islamic education institutions, the results became a refencing for us as development In supporting tasks according to their respective professions.  Efforts towards good character is not easy, education that is pursued in school and in the household and education experience gained in society is still very far from expectations, until now various issues Nations Ignorance, poverty and retardation, allegedly as a result of the lack of successful education. For that it takes earnest effort and involves the various parties in order to be healed from multidimensional diseases. Education is the process of humanization, which is the effort to cultivate the potential, as an accepted from God, if not developed, the whole potential to be stagnant, and sluggish development, through the various Pemibingan , direction, to be made, to grow and develop positive potential beneficial for himself and his fellow, while the behavior of the potential negative (Akhlak Madzmumah) as much as possible not to pack, so that people do not have animal behavior. For that Islamic blowing is a media place to galvanize the spiritual spirit of the human being Kamil, based on the Qur'an and the Assunah in ren get happiness in the world and in Akherat.  Creating human value is a heavy duty from the beginning to the elderly, carried out continuously, sustainably, and istiqomah, with various approaches and strategies used and involve Steakholher that exist, so that the science is easily digested and accepted by reason, and heart, internalize in the students, so that the speech of the beam of divine value. This paper is qualitative, that is to understand, analyze various sources of reading relevant to the theme then made generalization.

Threats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Barash
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The World ◽  
Book Studies ◽  
Gun Culture ◽  
Insight Into

This book studies situations in which individuals threaten each other or feel threatened by society, and often respond in ways that threaten social stability in turn. Animals also engage in all sorts of threats, an understanding of which opens one's eyes to the world of animal behavior otherwise hidden, while also revealing the strange and important question of honest versus dishonest communication. The dynamic of threat-and-response gives insight into such human dilemmas as the fear of death and how this has been manipulated by many organized religions; how fear of strangers and supposed enemies has given rise to an American gun culture that in turn threatens those seeking to avoid such threats; how nativist fears of “the other” has promoted right-wing nationalist populism, which has been making things worse not only for democracy itself, but also for those who feel threatened in the first place; and how capital punishment—intended to contain the threat of murderous criminals—has made this problem worse. Most important and worrisome is how countries convey the ultimate threat against each other: deterrence. Brandishing the threat of mutual annihilation in the expectation that this will keep a country safe is, paradoxically, the ultimate example of a posture that endangers threatener and threatened alike.

Mother-Infant Observations: A View into the Wordless Social Instincts that Form the Foundation of Human Psychodynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Benveniste
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Symbolic Function ◽  
Psychoanalytic Training ◽  
The World ◽  
Infant Observation

Mother-infant observations attune the psychotherapist to the nonverbal interactions that shape the child’s experience of the world. The origins of our interest in psychoanalytic mother-infant observations can be traced back to clinical work with adults, child analyses, ethology (the study of animal behavior), and theoretical questions about the development of the symbolic function in infancy. More recently, seminars and direct experience in mother-infant observation have been gaining popularity as components of psychoanalytic training. Indeed, mother-infant observations are a kind of human ethological investigation that offer a rare peek into the wordless social instincts that find their origins in the ancient evolution of our species.

Animals in the world: A materialist approach to sociological animal studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard York ◽  
Stefano B. Longo
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Social Constructions ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Realist Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
The World

The connections between nonhuman animals and human societies have become an increasingly prominent topic of sociological research over the past decade. A focus on animals in sociological research raises a variety of conceptual and epistemological challenges, since sociological methods and theories were developed to analyze humans. We outline these challenges and elaborate a realist approach to animal studies, which focuses on the materiality of the animals in the world and does not confuse them with social constructions of animals. We examine the potential to combine methods focused on understanding human meaning, such as ethnography, with methods aimed at scientifically studying animal behavior from ethology, or a political ethology approach. We also assess how the materiality of animals can be incorporated into quantitative macro-comparative analyses as well as historical studies. We argue that increasingly incorporating animal studies into the domain of sociology can expand our understanding of the world and generate new questions for sociologists.

scholarly journals What is the state space of the world for real animals?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Mohan K Namboodiri
Keyword(s):  
State Space ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Process Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Markov Renewal Process ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Abstract Representation ◽  
Model Free ◽  
The World ◽  
Representation Of Time

A key concept in reinforcement learning (RL) is that of a state space. A state space is an abstract representation of the world using which statistical relations in the world can be described. The simplest form of RL, model free RL, is widely applied to explain animal behavior in numerous neuroscientific studies. More complex RL versions assume that animals build and store an explicit model of the world in memory. To apply these approaches to explain animal behavior, typical neuroscientific RL models make assumptions about the underlying state space formed by animals, especially regarding the representation of time. Here, we explicitly list these assumptions and show that they have several problematic implications. We propose a solution for these problems by using a continuous time Markov renewal process model of the state space. We hope that our explicit treatment results in a serious consideration of these issues when applying RL models to real animals.

scholarly journals Udawanie i zabawa jako formy zaangażowanie religijnego

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Sławomir Sztajer
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Behavior Simulation ◽  
The World ◽  
Sense Of Reality ◽  
Religious Thinking ◽  
Ritual Behavior ◽  
Communicative Processes

Pretense and play are present in a variety of religious traditions. They are used in religious thinking about the world as well as in ritual behavior. As a form of simulation, pretense and play are more than cultural forms because they occur in human and animal behavior. Simulation is based on complex cognitive and communicative processes and requires metacognitive and metacommunicative abilities. In religious practice, pretense and play tend to turn into serious and “authentic” behavior accompanied by the sense of reality characteristic for religious experience. It seems that the ability to cross the frames of pretense and play towards seriousness and authenticity is part of the logic of simulation. Categories of pretense and play can be used to explain the dynamic character of religious faith. The latter can be understood as shifting between two modes of experience: the reality mode (the world seen as “it is”) and the simulation mode (the world of “as if”).

ANIMAL BEHAVIOR: The World Through a Chimp's Eyes

Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 316 (5821) ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
The World

Preserving Visual Recordings at a Library of Animal Behavior: Part 1: From Submitted Media to Archival MastersMicrofilm Media and Technology in a Digital World

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Dantzker
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Natural Sounds ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
The World ◽  
Media And Technology ◽  
Year 2000

In the year 2000, the directors of the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology decided to add moving images to their Library of Natural Sounds. By that time, the sound library had been building for more than 70 years and had become the world's largest archive of animal sounds. The decision to add video and film to the world-renowned audio archive expanded the mission of the Library toward the archival of animal behavior recordings writ large. The new multimedia archive was renamed the Macaulay Library, after our principal patrons Linda and William Macaulay, and was re-branded as a medium-agnostic resource for zoological natural history recordings.

A pragmatist philosophy of psychological science and its implications for replication

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gantman ◽  
Robin Gomila ◽  
Joel E. Martinez ◽  
J. Nathan Matias ◽  
Elizabeth Levy Paluck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
William James ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Behavioral Measurement ◽  
The World ◽  
Pragmatist Philosophy

AbstractA pragmatist philosophy of psychological science offers to the direct replication debate concrete recommendations and novel benefits that are not discussed in Zwaan et al. This philosophy guides our work as field experimentalists interested in behavioral measurement. Furthermore, all psychologists can relate to its ultimate aim set out by William James: to study mental processes that provide explanations for why people behave as they do in the world.

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