scholarly journals Macrofloral and microfloral changes in the Middle Jurassic plant assemblages of the Cianowice 2 borehole (southern Poland)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
undefined Maria BARBACKA ◽  
undefined Artur GÓRECKI ◽  
undefined Jadwiga ZIAJA ◽  
undefined Agata JARZYNKA ◽  
Grzegorz PACYNA
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Plant Assemblage ◽  
Depositional Systems ◽  
Slight Rise ◽  
Depositional Setting

The flora of the Cianowice 2 borehole (c. 20 km NW of Cracow, Poland), dominated by cycadophytes (mainly bennettitaleans) and conifers, shows high taxonomic diversity relative to the low number of specimens. Twenty species were identified in the 96 determinable plant fragments found in 27 core samples: Cladophlebis sp. (ferns), Pachypteris rhomboidalis (Ettingshausen) Nathorst and Ptilozamites cycadea (Berger) Möller (seed ferns), Anomozamites nilssonii (Phillips) Seward, Nilssoniopteris solitaria (Phillips) Cleal & Rees, Otozamites mimetes Harris, Otozamites parallelus Phillips, Pterophyllum thomasii Harris, Pterophyllum cf. aequale (Brongniart) Nathorst, Ptilophyllum cf. okribense forma ratchiana Doludenko & Svanidze, Ptilophyllum pecten Phillips, Ptilophyllum sirkennethii Watson & Sincock, Cycadolepis sp. (bennettitaleans), Pseudotorellia grojecensis Reymanówna, Pseudotorellia samylinae Nosova & Kiritchkova, Pseudotorellia sp. (Gymnospermae incertae sedis), Bilsdalea dura Harris, Mirovia szaferi Reymanówna, and Brachyphyllum stemonium Kendall (conifers). The floristic composition is supplemented by palynological data. The taxa were connected to five depositional successions distinguished along the core: one, alluvial fans; two, four and five, meandering/anastomosing river depositional systems with fluvial plain deposits; and three, lacustrine/backswamp environment developed on fluvial plain. The composition of the fossil plant assemblage changes with the depositional setting within the same range of taxa, seen mainly in changed combinations of taxa, which are most diverse in the fluvial plain deposits. Some taxa occur in a single depositional succession; some are present in two or three. The sporomorph assemblages of particular depositional environments differ significantly from the composition of the co-occurring macroflora: ferns occur sporadically in the macroflora of each depositional environment but they strongly dominate the sporomorph assemblage. Our proposed reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment is a slight rise descending into a valley with a depositionary basin, with gymnosperms on the slope and ferns at the base. Some species are shared between Cianowice and nearby Middle Jurassic localities in Grojec and Zabierzów, and the majority of taxa are known from the Middle Jurassic, suggesting that the Cianowice deposits are of that age.

scholarly journals Palaeoenvironments of northwestern Bulgaria and northeastern Serbia during the Jurassic

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Platon Tchoumatchenco
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Moesian Platform ◽  
Sketch Maps ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
Jurassic Rocks ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Depositional Setting ◽  
Middle Callovian

Jurassic rocks in the Danube Region of northwestern Bulgaria and northeastern Serbia have been the subject of numerous earlier studies that have shown notable similarities between their sedimentary facies and depositional environments. In terms of regional palaeotectonic zonation, this area represents the westernmost parts of the Vidin Early–Middle Jurassic Complex Horst and the Mihaylovgrad Early–Middle Jurassic Graben in NW Bulgaria, as well as the easternmost part of the Lower Danubicum in NE Serbia, which collectively take part of the Jurassic Moesian Platform. For compiling an overall conception of the palaeoenvironments that existed during the Jurassic, nine palaeoenvironmental sketch maps, from the Aalenian to the late Tithonian, have been composed in this study, based on reinterpretation of the data borrowed from previous literature. It became evident that the Middle Jurassic sedimentary successions of the Danube Region record an evolution from an initially isolated lacustrine-palustrine depositional setting (Aalenian) to rapidly expanding shallow to moderately deeper-marine sandy-calcareous setting (late Bajocian–early Callovian). From the middle Callovian and onwards, during the Late Jurassic, the region became an area of laterally extensive pelagic and platform carbonate deposition. This interpretation is consistent with the available earlier data, but it links the facies and their respective settings from NW Bulgaria to NE Serbia, which has not been made to date and will be of benefit for future regional correlations.

Sedimentology and integrated chronostratigraphy of the lower Heatherdale Shale (Cambrian, stages 2–3), Stansbury Basin, South Australia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Feiyang Chen ◽  
Glenn A. Brock ◽  
Marissa J. Betts ◽  
Zhiliang Zhang ◽  
Hao Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Regional Correlation ◽  
Upper Stage ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Depositional Setting ◽  
Integrated Study ◽  
Major Progress

Abstract Major progress has recently been made regarding the biostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy and isotope chemostratigraphy of the lower Cambrian successions in South Australia, in particular of the Arrowie Basin, which has facilitated robust global stratigraphic correlations. However, lack of faunal and sedimentological data from the lower Cambrian Normanville Group in the eastern Stansbury Basin, South Australia – particularly the transition from the Fork Tree Limestone to the Heatherdale Shale – has prevented resolution of the age range, lithofacies, depositional environments and regional correlation of this succession. Here we present detailed sedimentologic, biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic data through this transition in the eastern Stansbury Basin. Three lithofacies are identified that indicate a deepening depositional environment ranging from inner-mid-shelf (Lithofacies A and B) to outer shelf (Lithofacies C). New δ13C chemostratigraphic data capture global positive excursion III within the lower Heatherdale Shale. Recovered bradoriid Sinskolutella cuspidata supports an upper Stage 2 (Micrina etheridgei Zone). The combined geochemistry and palaeontology data reveal that the lower Heatherdale Shale is older than previously appreciated. This integrated study improves regional chronostratigraphic resolution and interbasinal correlation, and better constrains the depositional setting of this important lower Cambrian package from the eastern Stansbury Basin, South Australia.

scholarly journals Sedimentology and geochemistry of Middle–Upper Permian in northwestern Turpan–Hami Basin, China: Implication for depositional environments and petroleum geology

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 910-941
Author(s):  
Jian Song ◽  
Zhidong Bao ◽  
Xingmin Zhao ◽  
Yinshan Gao ◽  
Xinmin Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Volcanic Source

Studies have found that the Permian is another important stratum for petroleum exploration except the Jurassic coal measures within Turpan–Hami Basin recently. However, the knowledge of the depositional environments and its petroleum geological significances during the Middle–Late Permian is still limited. Based on the analysis about the sedimentological features of the outcrop and the geochemical characteristics of mudstones from the Middle Permian Taerlang Formation and Upper Permian Quanzijie Formation in the Taoshuyuanzi profile, northwest Turpan–Hami Basin, this paper makes a detailed discussion on the Middle–Late Permian paleoenvironment and its petroleum geological significances. The Middle–Upper Permian delta–lacustrine depositional system was characterized by complex vertical lithofacies assemblages, which were primarily influenced by tectonism and frequent lake-level variations in this area. The Taerlang Formation showed a significant lake transgression trend, whereas the regressive trend of the Quanzijie Formation was relatively weaker. The provenance of Taerlang and Quanzijie Formations was derived from the rift shoulder (Bogda Mountain area now) to the north and might be composed of a mixture of andesite and felsic volcanic source rocks. The Lower Taerlang Formation was deposited in a relatively hot–dry climate, whereas the Upper Taerlang and Quanzijie Formations were deposited in a relatively humid climate. During the Middle–Late Permian, this area belonged to an overall semi-saline water depositional environment. The paleosalinity values showed stepwise decreases from the Lower Taerlang Formation to the Upper Quanzijie Formation, which was influenced by the changes of paleoclimate in this region. During the Middle–Late Permian, the study area was in an overall anoxic depositional environment. The paleoenvironment with humid climate, lower paleosalinity, anoxic condition, and semi-deep to deep water during the deposition of the Upper Taerlang Formation was suitable for the accumulation of mudstones with higher TOC values.

scholarly journals Facies Analysis and Depositoinal Environment of D-3 Reservoir Sands Vin Field, Eastern Niger Delta

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Onyewuchi, Chinedu Vin ◽  
Minapuye, I. Odigi
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Facies Analysis ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Neutron Density ◽  
Wireline Logs ◽  
Isopach Map

Facies analysis and depositional environment identification of the Vin field was evaluated through the integration and comparison of results from wireline logs, core analysis, seismic data, ditch cutting samples and petrophysical parameters. Well log suites from 22 wells comprising gamma ray, resistivity, neutron, density, seismic data, and ditch cutting samples were obtained and analyzed. Prediction of depositional environment was made through the usage of wireline log shapes of facies combined with result from cores and ditch cuttings sample description. The aims of this study were to identify the facies and depositional environments of the D-3 reservoir sand in the Vin field. Two sets of correlations were made on the E-W trend to validate the reservoir top and base while the isopach map was used to establish the reservoir continuity. Facies analysis was carried out to identify the various depositional environments. The result showed that the reservoir is an elongate , four way dip closed roll over anticline associated with an E-W trending growth fault and contains two structural high separated by a saddle. The offshore bar unit is an elongate sand body with length: width ratio of >3:1 and is aligned parallel to the coast-line. Analysis of the gamma ray logs indicated that four log facies were recognized in all the wells used for the study. These include: Funnel-shaped (coarsening upward sequences), bell-shaped or fining upward sequences, the bow shape and irregular shape. Based on these categories of facies, the depositional environments were interpreted as deltaic distributaries, regressive barrier bars, reworked offshore bars and shallow marine. Analysis of the wireline logs and their core/ditch cuttings description has led to the conclusion that the reservoir sandstones of the Agbada Formation in the Vin field of the eastern Niger Delta is predominantly marine deltaic sequence, strongly influenced by clastic output from the Niger Delta. Deposition occurred in a variety of littoral and neritic environment ranging from barrier sand complex to fully marine outer shelf mudstones.

scholarly journals Stratigraphy and Depositional Environment of Mauddud Formation in Ratawi Oil wells of Southern Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 877 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
Maha Razaq Manhi ◽  
Hamid Ali Ahmed Alsultani
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Microfacies Analysis ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Southern Iraq

Abstract The Mauddud Formation is Iraq’s most significant and widely distributed Lower Cretaceous formation. This Formation has been investigated at a well-23 and a well-6 within Ratawi oil field southern Iraq. In this work, 75 thin sections were produced and examined. The Mauddud Formation was deposited in a variety of environments within the carbonate platform. According to microfacies analysis studying of the Mauddud Formation contains of twelve microfacies, this microfacies Mudstone to wackestone microfacies, bioclastic mudstone to wackestone microfacies, Miliolids wackestone microfacies,Orbitolina wackestone microfacies, Bioclastic wackestone microfacies, Orbitolina packstone microfacies, Peloidal packstone microfacies, Bioclastic packstone microfacies, Peloidal to Bioclastic packstone microfacies, Bioclastic grainstone microfacies, Peloidal grainstone microfacies, Rudstone microfacies. Deep sea, Shallow open marine, Restricted, Rudist Biostrome, Mid – Ramp, and Shoals are the six depositional environments in the Mauddud Formation based on these microfacies.

scholarly journals Paleontological rescue, depositional environment, and stratigraphic correlation of a section of the Ponta Grossa Formation (Paraná Basin)

Terr Plural ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. e2119456
Author(s):  
Elvio Pinto Bosetti ◽  
◽  
Lucinei Jose Myszynski Junior ◽  
Daniel Sedorko ◽  
Luana Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Stratigraphic Correlation ◽  
Paleontological Heritage ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Specialized Team ◽  
Parana Basin ◽  
The City

The urban area of Ponta Grossa (PR) occurs on one of the most abundant fossiliferous fields in the country, which records an endemic fauna that occurred in the Devonian of the Paraná Basin. The growing urbanization of the city increasingly buries these outcrops, and new works must be accompanied by a specialized team to safeguard the paleontological heritage. This is the case of the Bosque Mistral project, which exposed many layers of the Ponta Grossa Formation, rich in fossils and trace fossils. This study reports the main fossiliferous occurrences in the section, correlates the section with classical outcrops from the literature, and interprets the main depositional environments as well stratigraphic cycles using an integrated analysis of sedimentology and ichnology. The ichnological distribution also evidences the retrogradation pattern, and, particularly, the occurrence of ichnofabrics dominated by Zoophycos at the top of the section is a signature of high-frequency cycles associated with the transgressive systems tract. Macrofossill biodiversity varies according to the facies, in the sandy and silty layers different organisms from the muddy layers occur. In the former, the epibiont fauna (mainly trilobites and brachiopods) is predominant while in the muddy layers the predominance is the endobiont and semi-endobiont fauna (bivalve mollusks and infaunal brachiopods). In other words, the distribution of taxa across the layers is not random.

Detailed Lithofacies and Architectural Facies Analyses on Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Clastic Shoreline Depositional Environment of the Cibulakan Formation in Cipamingkis River, Jonggol, Bogor, West Java

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Edwin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
West Java ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Fragment Type ◽  
Interesting Study ◽  
Facies Modelling ◽  
Depositional Setting ◽  
Mixed Carbonate

Cibulakan Formation as one of the prolific hydrocarbon-bearing intervals has become an interesting study object for many researchers. The continuous outcrop of the Cibulakan Formation in the Cipamingkis River comprises claystone, sandstone, and subordinate limestone of grainstone, packstone, and wackestone facies. The outcrop should be able to give a clearer vertical and spatial variation of sandstone and limestone geometry compared to the conventional core alone. Field observations followed by measuring the section is conducted to distinguish lithofacies and to create a stratigraphic profile from the chosen interval. Samples and thin sections from sandstone and limestone lithofacies are observed further to determine fragment type variation, matrix, cement, texture, and porosity types qualitatively. Fourteen (14) lithofacies have been recognized from the observation, i.e., Slumped Sandstone (A1), Claystone (A2), Slightly-bioturbated Sandstone (B1), Cross-laminated Sandstone (B2), Parallel-laminated Siltstone (B3), Calcareous Claystone (B4), Moderately-bioturbated Sandstone (C1), Hummocky Cross-stratified Sandstone (C2), Skeletal – Coral clast Wackestone (C3), Skeletal-clast Packstone (C4), Coralline Foraminiferal Boundstone (C5), Low-angle Planar Cross-bedded Sandstone (D1), Intensely-bioturbated Sandstone (D2), and Trough Cross-bedded Sandstone (D3). There are four architectural facies in the research interval and each of them is composed of different and specific lithofacies. An ideal parasequence is composed of all Architectural Facies namely : (A) Offshore-Transition (B) Lower Shoreface (C) Upper Shoreface with the whole thickness range between 15 to 25 m and the parasequence shows thickening upward succession. The detailed information about the lithofacies and architectural facies hopefully will provide a better understanding of the facies modelling of the mixed carbonate-siliciclastic depositional setting, new insights for parasequence recognition in clastic shoreline depositional environment and become a reference for other areas lacking in core data and/or outcrop analogue.

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