The Role of Periadventitial Fat in Atherosclerosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Vela ◽  
L. Maximilian Buja ◽  
Mohammad Madjid ◽  
Alan Burke ◽  
Morteza Naghavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Vessel Remodeling ◽  
Macrophage Density ◽  
Endocrine Factors ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Omental Fat ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Context.—It has become increasingly evident that adipose tissue is a multifunctional organ that produces and secretes multiple paracrine and endocrine factors. Research into obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes has identified a proinflammatory state associated with obesity. Substantial differences between subcutaneous and omental fat have been noted, including the fact that omental fat produces relatively more inflammatory cytokines. Periadventitial fat, as a specific adipose tissue subset, has been overlooked in the field of atherosclerosis despite its potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Objective.—To review (1) evidence for the role of adventitial and periadventitial fat in vessel remodeling after injury, (2) the relationship between adventitial inflammation and atherosclerosis, (3) the association between periadventitial fat and plaque inflammation, and (4) the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of these roles and relationships for the progression of atherosclerosis. Data Sources.—We present new data showing greater uptake of iron, administered in the form of superparamagnetic iron oxide, in the periadventitial fat of atherosclerotic mice than in control mice. In addition, macrophage density in the periadventitial fat of lipid-rich plaques is increased compared with fibrocalcific plaques. Conclusions.—There is a striking paucity of data on the relationship between the periadventitial fat of coronary arteries and atherosclerosis. Greater insight into this relationship might be instrumental in making strides into the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of coronary artery disease.

The Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Lymphocytes in Low-Grade Inflammation and Coronary Artery Disease

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 469-P
Author(s):  
MILOS MRAZ ◽  
ANNA CINKAJZLOVA ◽  
ZDENA LACINOVÁ ◽  
JANA KLOUCKOVA ◽  
HELENA KRATOCHVILOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals Adipokines and coronary artery disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Strisciuglio ◽  
Gennaro Galasso ◽  
Dario Leosco ◽  
Roberta De Rosa ◽  
Giuseppe Di Gioia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Pleiotropic Function

Adipose tissue, besides being an important energetic storage, is also a source of cytokines and hormones which act in a paracrine, autocrine and especially endocrine manner, influencing the cardiometabolic axis. Adipokines are a group of mediators with pleiotropic function, that are involved in many physiological processes, so that a disregulation in their secretion can lead to multiple pathological conditions. In this review our aim was to clarify the role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, especially in coronary artery disease, and based on current scientific evidence, to analyze the therapeutic and behavioral strategies that are so far available.

scholarly journals Gormony zhirovoy tkani i funktsional'nayaaktivnost' shchitovidnoy zhelezy

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Petunina ◽  
N E Al'tshuler ◽  
N G Rakova ◽  
L V Trukhina
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tissue Hormones

The review presents a recent data from the literature on the physiologic and pathophysiologic role of adipose tissue hormones (adiponectin, resistin, leptin). The article details the role of adipocytokines in atherogenesis. It also presents the results of studies depicting the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism, lipid metabolism and insulin resistance as well as the impact of thyroid dysfunction upon the secretion of adipocytokines.

Relationship between epicardial adipose tissue and coronary vascular function in patients with suspected coronary artery disease and normal myocardial perfusion imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1379-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Nappi ◽  
Andrea Ponsiglione ◽  
Wanda Acampa ◽  
Valeria Gaudieri ◽  
Emilia Zampella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Suspected Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Aims We evaluated the relationship between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and coronary vascular function assessed by rubidium-82 (82Rb) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and results The study population included 270 patients with suspected CAD and normal myocardial perfusion at stress–rest 82Rb PET/CT. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) score and EAT volume were measured. Absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF) was computed in mL/min/ from the dynamic rest and stress imaging. Myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) was defined as the ratio of hyperaemic to baseline MBF and it was considered reduced when <2. MPR was normal in 177 (65%) patients and reduced in 93 (35%). Patients with impaired MPR were older (P < 0.001) and had higher CAC score values (P = 0.033), EAT thickness (P = 0.009), and EAT volume (P < 0.001). At univariable logistic regression analysis, age, heart rate reserve (HRR), CAC score, EAT thickness, and EAT volume resulted significant predictors of reduced MPR, but only age (P = 0.002), HRR (P = 0.021), and EAT volume (P = 0.043) were independently associated with reduced MPR, at multivariable analysis. In patients with CAC score 0 (n = 114), a significant relation between EAT volume and MPR (P = 0.014) was observed, while the relationship was not significant (P = 0.21) in patients with CAC score >0 (n = 156). Conclusion In patients with suspected CAD and normal myocardial perfusion, EAT volume predicts hyperaemic MBF and reduced MPR, confirming that visceral pericardium fat may influence coronary vascular function. Thus, EAT evaluation has a potential role in the early identification of coronary vascular dysfunction.

scholarly journals Spiritual health mediates the relationship between ego-strength and adjustment to heart disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510291878217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Besharat ◽  
Somayeh Ramesh ◽  
Elham Moghimi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Ego Strength ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Adjustment To Illness ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of spiritual health in the relationship between ego-strength and adjustment to heart disease. In total, 327 patients with coronary artery disease (138 women, 189 men) completed the Ego-Strength Scale, Adjustment to Illness Scale, and Spiritual Well-Being Scale. Results showed that both ego-strength and spiritual health had a significantly positive correlation with adjustment to heart disease. Results also revealed that spiritual health mediated the relationship between ego-strength and adjustment to heart disease. More improvement in adjustment to heart disease requires more improvement in patients’ spiritual health as well as to ego-strength.

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Epicardial Adipose Tissue Depends on The Left Ventricular Function

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e48330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Doesch ◽  
Tim Süselbeck ◽  
Dariusch Haghi ◽  
Florian Streitner ◽  
Stefan O. Schoenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Relationship
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