scholarly journals Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Bladder

2014 ◽  
Vol 138 (10) ◽  
pp. 1272-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Alderman ◽  
Lakshmi P. Kunju
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfall ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm

We illustrate a case of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) involving the bladder in a woman with dysuria and review the literature and differential diagnosis. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, also referred to as pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation, is a rare lesion that can arise in the genitourinary system and is characterized by a fascicular arrangement of myofibroblasts with admixed inflammatory cells and slitlike vessels. Urinary bladder IMT can be a diagnostic pitfall because its histologic features (brisk mitoses, invasion into muscularis propria, and prominent nucleoli) can mimic malignancy. The differential diagnosis of urinary bladder IMT includes sarcomatoid carcinoma and leiomyosarcoma. Diagnostic features such as bland nuclear chromatin, ganglion-like cells, pale eosinophilic cytoplasm with long processes, overexpression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (immunohistochemistry or gene rearrangement studies), and the absence of atypical mitoses help distinguish IMT from its malignant mimics. Current controversies regarding postoperative spindle cell nodule and IMT are discussed.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Urinary Bladder with Atypical Clinical and Pathological Features: a Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Xingwang ◽  
Wang Yixiang ◽  
Liu Yili
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Partial Cystectomy ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Bladder Dome

Abstract Background: The inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of urinary bladder is very rare, this case and often misdiagnosed as bladder cancer. We report a patient with atypical clinical features with dysuria and lower abdominal pain. Case presentation: A 32-year-old man presented with dysuria and lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated that a solitary non-papillary tumor was located at the wall of the bladder dome. Partial cystectomy was successfully managed. Immunohistochemically, positivity of the tumor cells for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), Actin (SM), vimentin, cytokine (CK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and Ki-67. Based on the the above clinical features、histopathology and immunohistochemical, the tumor was definitively diagnosed as bladder’s IMT. After 24 months, there was no signs of recurrence and metastasis with CT and cystoscopy.Conclusion: A rare case of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of urinary bladder after partial cystectomy was reported. It is essential for urologists and scientists to entirely understand the characteristics of the inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and make a better clinical guideline, to avoid over treatments.

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Urinary Bladder: Differential Diagnosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 2067-2071
Author(s):  
Nuket ELİYATKIN ◽  
Bülent GÜNLÜSOY ◽  
Alev Gülşah OLGUN ◽  
Arsenal SEZGİN ◽  
Hakan POSTACI
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor

scholarly journals Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Urinary Bladder: A Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiki Etani ◽  
Taku Naiki ◽  
Takashi Nagai ◽  
Keitaro Iida ◽  
Ryosuke Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Resected Tumor ◽  
Muscle Invasion ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a distinctive neoplasm composed of myofibroblastic and fibroblastic spindle cells, accompanied by inflammatory infiltration of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. IMTs rarely occur in the urinary bladder. It is important to distinguish this tumor from other malignant spindle cell tumors. Herein, we report a patient with an IMT showing muscle invasion, who underwent a transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and, at a later date, partial cystectomy. The resected tumor specimen revealed a proliferation of spindle-shaped cells on a background of plasma cells and lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical staining showed the tumor to be positive for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), smooth muscle actin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Such histopathological findings were indicative of an IMT, suggesting the use of inhibitors of ALK and VEGF as pharmacotherapy.

Leiomyosarcoma of Urinary Bladder, A Review of Two Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S52-S52
Author(s):  
N Fakhri ◽  
R Bhalla
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Advanced Malignancy ◽  
First Case ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction/Objective Leiomyosarcomas of the urinary bladder are rare smooth muscle tumor, and constitute 1% of all bladder malignancies. Although rare, leiomyosarcoma is a clinically significant disease, presenting as a high-grade advanced malignancy with associated substantial morbidity and mortality, if not treated early. The diagnosis can be delayed because of the asymptomatic presentation until the tumor reaches an advanced stage. Methods We present two cases of leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder. First case: a 63 years old female with a history of cervical carcinoma treated with radiation, 25 years ago, followed by uncomplicated clinical course, until recent development of vesicovaginal fistula. During her work up with cystoscopy, a large bladder mass was identified. Second case: a 71 years old female with a history of treated breast cancer, who presented with recurrent history of cystitis and hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a nodular mass in the right posterior bladder wall. Results Microscopically, both lesions were highly cellular with infiltrative, interlacing fascicles of spindle cells and associated mitosis, cellular atypia and necrosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive expression of muscle- specific actin, desmin, and caldesmon; with negative expression of ALK-1, EMA, Cytokeratins and GATA3, in both the cases. Other spindle cell lesions including, leiomyoma, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and sarcomatoid carcinoma were included in the differential diagnosis, and ruled out by morphology and immunohistochemistry. Conclusion Our cases highlight the importance of awareness of the occurrence of leiomyosarcomas, a rare manifestation in bladder. Although rare, but they present with a poor outcome. The differential diagnosis of spindle cell lesions is extensive, including close benign and malignant mimics, the treatment of all being very different. Immediate radical cystectomy has been associated with longer survival rates for leiomyosarcoma. Leiomyosarcoma, being aggressive, with associated high recurrence rate and metastatic potential, an early correct diagnosis would aid in the institution of proper management.

Epithelioid Angiosarcoma: A Brief Diagnostic Review and Differential Diagnosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Hart ◽  
Srinivas Mandavilli
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Epithelioid Sarcoma ◽  
Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma ◽  
Vascular Differentiation ◽  
Epithelioid Angiosarcoma ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Vascular Neoplasms ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm ◽  
Abundant Eosinophilic Cytoplasm

Abstract Epithelioid angiosarcoma is a highly aggressive endothelial cell malignancy, most commonly arising in the deep soft tissues, but a variety of primary sites, including the adrenals, thyroid, skin, and bone, are encountered. On hematoxylin-eosin–stained sections, the pathologist encounters sheets of large, mildly to moderately pleomorphic epithelioid cells, with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei, and prominent nucleoli. Obvious vasoformative foci may not be present, creating confusion with metastatic carcinomas, malignant mesothelioma, melanoma, anaplastic lymphoma, epithelioid peripheral nerve sheath malignancies, and epithelioid sarcoma. Moreover, malignancies with apparent vascular differentiation must be distinguished from less aggressive vascular neoplasms, including epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Given the range of clinical presentation, the diversity of primary sites, and the nonspecific initial histopathologic appearance, here we review the histologic findings and immunohistochemical profiles of epithelioid angiosarcoma and neoplasms in its differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals Glandular Tumors of the Urachus and Urinary Bladder: A Practical Overview of a Broad Differential Diagnosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
pp. 1164-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Taylor ◽  
Rohit Mehra ◽  
Aaron M. Udager
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Molecular Pathology ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Urothelial Carcinomas ◽  
Cystic Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Framework

Primary glandular tumors of the urachus and urinary bladder are an intriguing group of clinically and morphologically diverse neoplasms for which there have been recent refinements in diagnostic subclassification and advances in molecular pathology. In addition, the urachus and urinary bladder may be secondarily involved by tumors with glandular differentiation that demonstrate remarkable morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular overlap. Thus, surgical pathologists need to be aware of the broad differential diagnosis of glandular tumors that involve the urachus and urinary bladder and have a practical diagnostic framework to evaluate these lesions in routine clinical practice. In this review, we summarize the salient clinical, morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of glandular tumors of the urachus and urinary bladder, including mucinous cystic tumors of the urachus, noncystic urachal adenocarcinomas, urothelial carcinomas with glandular or pseudoglandular features, primary urinary bladder adenocarcinomas, and Müllerian-type carcinomas, highlighting the strengths and limitations of various diagnostic features and ancillary tests, as well as the need for close clinical and radiographic correlation.

Diagnostic Challenge of Sarcomatoid Variant of ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: Case Report and Updated Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 106689692098696
Author(s):  
Fuqin Song ◽  
Shili Yu ◽  
Meng Jia ◽  
Hongwen Gao ◽  
Ping-Li Sun
Keyword(s):  
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Large Cell Lymphoma

The sarcomatoid variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma is an extremely rare histologic pattern of anaplastic large cell lymphoma that consists of spindle-shaped neoplastic cells and is easily misdiagnosed as a soft tissue sarcoma. We report a case of the sarcomatoid variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma that was initially diagnosed as an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in our hospital and as liposarcoma after consultation. This article analyzed the features of this entity by reviewing the literature. Only 15 cases have been reported, most of which were misdiagnosed as sarcoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma, or inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Most of the reported cases showed a myxoid stroma, with a variable number of inflammatory cells. The hallmark cells usually can be found by careful evaluation of the slides. Immunohistochemistry including CD30, EMA, and ALK are the most useful for diagnosis. Most are III or IV stage, and have a good prognosis after chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the larynx

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 779-782
Author(s):  
Zaklina Mijovic ◽  
Dragan Mihailovic ◽  
Milos Kostov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Anterior Commissure ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Aggressive Treatment ◽  
Storiform Pattern

Background/Aim. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the larynx is a rare borderline lesion composed of myofibroblastic and inflammatory cells. Case report. We presented a case of 77-year-old male with hoarseness for about three months. Laryngoscopy showed a polypoid tumor originated from the anterior commissure with glottic projection. Grossly, the tumor was 22 ? 15 mm, whitish, oval nodus with firm consistency. Histologically, the lesion was composed of spindled to stellate cells arranged in a fascicular to storiform pattern and inflammatory cells: lymphocytes, histiocytes, plasma cells and neutrophils. The stroma was fibromyxoid and collagenous. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells showed strong positivity for actin and vimentin and negativity for cytokeratin, CD34, S100 and desmin. The proliferation (Ki67) was less than 10%. Conclusion. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor may be mistaken as a malignancy and the differential diagnosis can be difficult without immunohistochemistry. It is critical to recognize this uncommon entity to avoid unnecessary aggressive treatment.

Leiomyoma with Bizarre Nuclei (Symplastic Leiomyoma) in the Paratubal Cyst Wall: Report of a Rare Case

2021 ◽  
pp. 106689692199779
Author(s):  
Murat Celik
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cyst Wall ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Clinical Behavior ◽  
Uterine Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Neoplasm ◽  
Histological Variants ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm ◽  
Paratubal Cyst

Leiomyoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor that develops from smooth muscle cells. It can present in various histological variants. Leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei is an infrequent variant of uterine smooth muscle neoplasm. It is characterized by focally or diffusely distributed bizarre cells on the background of a typical leiomyoma. These bizarre cells are large, multinucleated, or multilobulated and have an eosinophilic cytoplasm. Even though leiomyomas with bizarre nuclei display benign clinical behavior, their differential diagnosis from leiomyosarcoma can sometimes be difficult. Leiomyoma has been described most commonly in the uterus. There is no case of leiomyoma originating from paratubal cysts described in the literature. In this article, we present a rare case of leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei originating from a paratubal cyst.

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