Reviving the fourth estate: democracy, accountability and the media

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (09) ◽  
pp. 36-4900-36-4900
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Estate ◽  
The Media

The Media, the Masses and Urban Management

1970 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Paul Boynton ◽  
Deil S. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Social Awareness ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Fourth Estate ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Masses

Greater social awareness and action commitments should be expected and demanded of the Fourth Estate in reducing the gap between government and ghetto in the seventh decade.

scholarly journals REVIEW: Powerful case for ending the corporate media stranglehold

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
David Robie
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Fourth Estate ◽  
Noam Chomsky ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
The Media ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Invasion Of Iraq ◽  
Ordinary Citizens

Review of Our Media, Not Theirs: The Democratic Struggle Against Corporate Media, edited by Robert W. Mc Chesney and John Nichols. Forewards by Noam Chomsky, Barbara Ehrenreich and Ralph Nader. New York: Seven Stories Press. This book's messge has a salutary lesson for us in Oceania, half a globe away from the Anglo-American invasion of Iraq and its aftermath. Robert W. McChesney and John Nichols have argued for an honest debate over a total rethink of policy if the media is to continue to have an effective role in demoracy, if it is to remain a genuine Fourth Estate. They present a persuasive case for building a mass movement that seeks to replace their [coporate] media with a media that serves ordinary citizens—our media.   

The Commercial Fourth Estate in the 2014–2019 Election Campaigns

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Mihailova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
European Elections ◽  
Fourth Estate ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Media

The paper presents results of media monitoring during the election campaigns held in Bulgaria between 2014 and 2019 – after the adoption of the new Electoral Code in 2014 until the last local elections in 2019. The main research question is to what extent the media as mediators in the election campaigns know, respect and comply with the legal regulations concerning their activities during such campaigns. The results outline the models of legal socialization of the Fourth Estate in the election campaigns. They also show patterns of compliance and violation of the legal framework. In addition, they reflect the way in which the media work to change the regulations in question. The research sample included between 117 and 180 media service providers in various election campaigns. There were representatives of all media subfields – traditional media, new media, yellow media, brown media, Prokopiev’s media, Peevski’s media, as well as Russian and American “propaganda media”. The period of research includes almost two full election cycles ‒ two parliamentary elections, two European elections, two local elections, and one presidential election which was held after the clear definition of the legal framework for media in the 2014 Electoral Code. No changes were made to this framework during the study and prior to the publication of this paper. This leads to conclusions regarding the electoral legislation and the regulation of the media system in the electoral process.

Framing media populism: The political role of news media editorials in Duterte’s Philippines

Journalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146488492095950
Author(s):  
Jefferson Lyndon D Ragragio
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fourth Estate ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Media Frames ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government

Editorials are a political force used by news media to fulfil its watchdog function in fragile democracies like the Philippines. However, they also serve as a platform to invite a more positive reading of strongman administration. Against the backdrop of media populism, the article will problematize how the Fourth Estate articulates its political stance by examining the tensions and complexities in editorials. It will highlight the ways the media deals with subjects and stories surrounding Rodrigo Duterte. Through an analysis of editorials of four leading dominant news outlets (Bulletin, Inquirer, Rappler, and Star), three meta-thematic categories of media frames are uncovered. First, character degradation frames delineate how the media denounces the ties of Duterte with other political actors, particularly the Marcoses and China’s Xi. Second, pro-establishment frames echo the optimistic mantra of the government amid crisis. And third, non-editorial frames exhibit the failure of media to publish watchdog-inspired editorials. Each of these categories has underlying frames that are indicative of the democratic potential, or lack thereof, of news media.

The Fourth Estate

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nai
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fourth Estate ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
Strong Shift ◽  
Soft News ◽  
Election Coverage ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Market

This chapter analyzes the quality of election coverage by the traditional news media. It describes a hierarchical model of influences that is expected to shape the fairness of election coverage. These operate at three levels: the political and social structure, the media market, and the journalistic culture. The chapter shows that the fairness of election coverage is lower when the content of information is distorted by pressures from exogenous actors such as politicians and pressure groups, when the media market faces a hypercommercialization, and when journalists see their role redefined toward infotainment journalism that creates the conditions for a strong shift toward soft news. On the other hand, the quality of elections coverage by traditional news media is higher when media outlets are dispersed across multiple and competitive institutions, which promotes inclusiveness and sets up safeguards against the emergence of media oligopolies.

The Media and Anti-Aging Medicine: Witch-Hunt, Uncritical Reporting or Fourth Estate?

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mone Spindler ◽  
Christiane Streubel
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Estate ◽  
The Media ◽  
Witch Hunt

scholarly journals Communications, contacts, ethics and the mysterious slow death of the contemporary police reporter

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Philip Castle
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Fourth Estate ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Law ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Official Sources

This article, based on interviews, research and the author’s personal experience in the media for more than 30 years as a police/crime reporter, former Head of Public Affairs for the Australian Federal Police and journalism lecturer, will examine the unique challenges and role of  reporting police/emergency/crime journalism—how it can work and how it can break down. It will particularly examine the mostly unequal relationships between journalists and official sources where the various emergency services, notably the police, trade on releasing selected information and avoid releasing information if it is unfavourable or inconvenient. It will cover the important aspects of sources, both official and unofficial, on and off-the-record agreements, anonymous sources, ethically and unethically obtained material and the all important overriding considerations of the law including criminal processes, defamation, sub judice, jurisdictional restrictions, pre-trial publicity and trial by the media. These stories can challenge even the most experienced journalist placing demands on almost all of their skills. If done properly, journalists can fulfil the paramount responsibility of informing the public on critical matters and maintaining the media’s role of being an effective Fourth Estate.

Criminal Defamation, the Criminalisation of Expression, Media and Information Dissemination in the Digital Age

2018 ◽  
pp. 1638-1661
Author(s):  
Nhamo A. Mhiripiri ◽  
Jacqueline Chikakano
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Fourth Estate ◽  
The Media ◽  
Severe Punishment ◽  
Ordinary Citizens

Criminal defamation and the criminalisation of communication in general often result in severe punishment for the media and other content producers accused and prosecuted for committing such ‘crimes'. There are severe financial penalties involved and /or the incarceration of those who are convicted of breaking the law. This chapter studies the existence and feasibility of criminal defamation in largely contemporary Africa, but also making references to ‘older' democracies in the Western hemisphere. In short, the chapter critiques criminal defamation and the criminalisation of expression, making a strong legal and ethical perspective quite often using empirical materials from the courts. The inception and proliferation of new digital technologies amongst ordinary citizens also means that besides the traditional media or fourth estate, ordinary non-professional communicators are also highly likely to get into trouble over defamation, criminal defamation and other forms of crimes associated with the criminalisation of communication.

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