scholarly journals In vitro susceptibilities of the clinical isolate of Entamoeba histolytica to Euphorbia hirta (Euphorbiaceae) aqueous extract and fractions

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (36) ◽  
pp. 3354-3361
Author(s):  
N. Pechangou Sylvain ◽  
F. Moundipa Paul ◽  
Sehgal Rakesh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Euphorbia Hirta

scholarly journals In vitro Study on Anti-salmonella Activities of Boerhaavia diffusa (L. syn) Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ologun, Oluwabusayo ◽  
Dada, Ebenezer Oluyemi ◽  
Ajayi, Kehinde Oluyemi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Boerhaavia Diffusa ◽  
Broth Dilution

Various strategies have been employed in the treatment and management of Salmonella infection however, Salmonella strains have gained resistance to antibiotics. This study was to determine in vitro anti-Salmonella activity of Boerhaavia diffusa leaf extract against clinical isolate of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of B. diffusa were studied for their antibacterial activity against pathogenic Salmonella typhi. This study was carried out between April and September 2018. The in vitro antibacterial activity was performed by agar well diffusion method and broth dilution using spectrophotometric method and the results were expressed as the average diameter of zone of inhibition of bacterial growth around the well and optical density respectively. It was observed that aqueous extract exerted slightly higher activity than ethanolic extract as revealed by the mean diameter of zone of inhibitions at a concentration of 200 mg/ml, the aqueous extract had 35.21±0.47 mm (Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028) compared with ethanol extract 26.41±0.32 mm (clinical). However, in the broth dilution method, ethanol extract significantly (p=0.05) reduced the cell, at 48 hours, the optical density of clinical isolate of S. typhi treated at concentration of 200 mg/ml of extract was 0.47±0.02 nm while at the same concentration of extract, aqueous extract had an optical density of 0.52±0.11 nm respectively. The phytochemical assay revealed that tannin (5.18±0.02 mg/g) and quinone (8.45±0.13 mg/g) in ethanol extract was significantly (p=0.05) higher than aqueous extract while saponin (14.18±0.06 mg/g) was higher in the aqueous extract. The ethanol and aqueous extracts of leaves of B. diffusa whole plant exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both clinical and typed Salmonella typhi. Therefore, the plant extract could be used for the treatment of Salmonellosis, however, the in vivo studies is needed to ascertain the safety of the extract.

Bioactive chemical compounds identified in extracts of Reseda sphenocleoides leaves and evaluation of antiamoebic activity in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Abdulnabi H. Mehdi ◽  
Mohammad Mohsin ◽  
Fadel Y. S. Alarabi ◽  
Gozif Mohammed N. Omar ◽  
Mazahar Farooqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Histolytica Infection ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Antiamoebic Activity

Background: Entamoeba histolytica is a causative agent of amoebiasis, estimated to cause more than 100,000 deaths per year. Metronidazole is used to treatment of E. histolytica infection. However, this drug has several untoward side effects, the current study was designed to analysis of the bioactive chemical products in extracts of Reseda sphenocleoides leaves and evaluation of anti-amoebic activity in vitro. Methods: Bioactive chemical compounds were tests by GC-MS and FT-IR. Entamoeba histolytica was cultured under xenic conditions in Locke's egg (LE) medium and different concentrations of extracts of R. sphenocleoides were added to cultivated parasites. Results: 11 and 18 bioactive phytochemical compounds were showed in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of R. sphenocleoides leaves respectively by GC-MS analysis. FT-IR analysis of extracts of R. sphenocleoides leaves proved the presence many functional groups for various phytocompounds. The ethanolic extract of R. sphenocleoides leaves was showed inhibits the growth of E. histolytica in vitro at concentrations 5 and 10 mg/ml after 96 hrs of incubation. While the highest concentration 20 mg/ml used in this study inhibited the E. histolytica in all times of incubation. The aqueous extract showed there was no growth of E. histolytica at the concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/ml after 72 and 48 hrs respectively. However, the higher concentfrations (15 and 20 mg/ml) of the aqueous extract were on the growth of the E. histolytica parasite during the period of incubation. It was found that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ethanolic and aqueous extracts of R. sphenocleoides leaves was <15 mg/ml, <10 mg/ml respectively. Conclusion: The results specify that the extracts of R. sphenocleoides has a higher capacity in reducing of E. histolytica number in vitro. Moreover, these results showed that the extracts of R. sphenocleoides contains various bioactive compounds and therefore has various medicinal properties that can be used for the treatment of various diseases.

In vitro effect of an aqueous extract of Artocarpus lakoocha on the intestinal parasites in cattle

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Saowakon ◽  
P Chaichanasak ◽  
C Wanichanon ◽  
V Reutrakul ◽  
P Sobhon
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Vitro Effect

In vitro and in vivo Trypanocidal Effect of the Aqueous extract of the Leaves of Ochna Schweinfurthiana

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Eteme Enama S ◽  
Messi A N ◽  
Mahob R J ◽  
Siama A ◽  
Njan Nloga A M
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract

In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Withania coagulans extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejas Patel ◽  
B.N. Suhagia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Withania Coagulans ◽  
Study Results

Background: Diabetes mellitus is major issue to public health as its prevalence is rising day by day. Synthetic agents available for the diabetic treatment are expensive or produce undesirable side effect on chronic use and some of them are not suitable during pregnancy. Herbal medicines accepted widely due to side effects and low cost. Objective: The aim of present study was to evaluate the activity of Withania coagulans extract using In-vitro and In-vivo model. Methods: Different three types of Withania coagulans extract were prepared using aqueous (W1), Alcohol (W2) and hydro-alcoholic (50:50) mixture (W3). In-vitro Anti-diabetic activity of the all three extracts evaluated using RINm5F Pancreatic beta cells.Further, n-vivo anti-diabetic evaluation performed by administering 50 mg/kg (p.o) aqueous extract for 7 days in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice. Body weight of the animals was also determined to perform acute toxicity study. Results: The results of in –vitro cell based study indicated that among all three extract, aqueous extract (W1) of Withania coagulans showed potential increase in inulin release. The EC50 of the W1 (249.6 µg/L) which is compared with standard (Glibenclamide) EC50. From the results of In-vitro study, W1 subjected for acute toxicity study and the acute toxicity study results indicated LD50 of 50mg/kg. Diabetic rats treated with W1 extract at oral dose of 50 mg/kg for 7 days showed 34.17% reduction in blood glucose in comparison to untreated diabetic (STZ-induced) rats. Blood glucose levels of Standard treated (Glibenclamide) and control untreated. Conclusion: In conclusion, results of pancreatic beta cell based study showed increase in insulin release by administration of extract. Further aqueous extract (W1) was potentially reduced blood glucose level in STZ induced diabetic mice.

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