In vitro effect of an aqueous extract of Artocarpus lakoocha on the intestinal parasites in cattle

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Saowakon ◽  
P Chaichanasak ◽  
C Wanichanon ◽  
V Reutrakul ◽  
P Sobhon
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Vitro Effect

scholarly journals Antagonism of Plant Pathogens by Calotropis procera

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Karla Danielle Nogueira Cardoso ◽  
Maria Josiane Martins ◽  
Thaisa Aparecida Neres de Souza ◽  
Isabelle Carolyne Cardoso ◽  
Patrícia Nirlane da Costa Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Mycelial Growth Rate ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Fungal Colony

Phomopsis sojae and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum are responsible for stem and pod dryness and white mold in soybean. These pathologies directly affect the quality of seeds/grains and compromise the entire plant. The use of extracts from different plants has been the subject of research for the control of several phytopathogens. Calotropis procera is among botanical species that synthesize efficient compounds for biocontrol. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of C. procera aqueous extract on P. sojae and S. sclerotiorum. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized blocks in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme (two fungi and five extract concentrations 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) with 4 replicates. C. procera aqueous extract concentrations were added to Petri dishes containing PDA. After 48 hours, the mycelial growth rate was evaluated. After seven days of incubation, the fungal colony area, sporulation, and germination of P. sojae and S. sclerotiorum were evaluated. There was significant interaction between fungi × extract concentrations (p < 0.05) for all variables analyzed. The mycelial growth rate of P. sojae was lower than that of S. sclerotiorum. The diameter of the P. sojae fungal colony was smaller than that of S. sclerotiorum when concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% were used. As the extract concentration increased, fungi sporulation and germination reduced.

scholarly journals In vitro effect of aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) on the larvae of Haemonchus contortus as an intestinal parasite of sheep.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Flávia Lopes Medeiros ◽  
Marney Pascoli Cereda Cereda ◽  
Gabriel Furrer Matos Braz
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Cassava Plant ◽  
Vitro Effect

Abstract Cassava is frequently fed to animals. In the case of sheep, the producer relates consumption to a reduction in the parasite load. The literature has proven the effect of phenolic compounds as an anthelmintic in vivo, but no evidence for cyanogenic compounds, also present in all parts of the cassava plant, was found. A controlled in vitro bioassay was used to evaluate the aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves. The efficiency parameter was the immobility of Haemonchus contortus larvae at the L3 stage, also used to evaluate commercial anthelmintics. Cell culture plates with 100 active L3-stage larvae per well were used, being each replicate constituted by three wells. Aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves (FCL), Ivomec® 0.01% (PCI) as the positive control, and distilled water as negative control (NCW), were placed in the culture plate wells. Considering the immobility of the larvae as a positive anthelmintic effect, the results showed that in NCW treatments all larvae were mobile, while in PCI all 300 larvae were immobile. FCL produced a gradient of larval inactivation correlation (R2 0.996). The best-fit equation was y = -33.39ln(x) + 40.517, a logarithmic equation, which allowed the calculation of the Lethal Concentration (CL) of 3.44 µg CN- ml, or 80.0 mg of fresh cassava leaves per milliliter of water, with a performance equivalent to ivermectin. This concentration of free cyanide is compatible with the safe consumption of fresh leaves by live weight of sheep. The exact amount of cassava roots, leaves, or shoots, consumed to provide an effective dose for controlling H. contort should be established in vivo. Although phenolic compounds must also be present in the extract, the immobility was attributed to cyanogenic compounds since the correlation was proportional to the increase in the cyanide concentration. It can be concluded that the consumption of fresh cassava leaves has the potential as an anthelmintic agent to be evaluated in vivo by feeding sheep and goats. Local use could also add value to the production of fresh cassava leaves, with an average potential production of 2.5 tonnes ha-1, available throughout the year, with greater production at the beginning of cultivation and in the summer months. These leaves could be used after the roots harvesting or even after pruning for this purpose. Currently, this amount of good quality protein material remains without use in the field.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Study and In vitro Anthelminthic Properties Studies of the Trunk Barks Aqueous Extract from Acacia Nilotica

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G L Boly ◽  
M. B. Belemlilga ◽  
A. Traore ◽  
S. Ouedraogo ◽  
E T I P Guissou
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Animal Material ◽  
Chemical Groups

The present study was to estimate the in vitro anthelminthic effect of the aqueous extract of the trunk barks of Acacia nilotica var. adansonii, plant used in this traditional medicine against gastro- intestinal parasites. Trunk barks of Acacia nilotica var. adansonii were used as plant material, eggs and adults worms of Haemonchus contortus were the animal material used. The adult worms and the eggs were put in contact with increasing concentrations of the extract. A phytochemical screening of the plant material was also performed. This study revealed the presence of chemical groups with anthelminthic properties such as tannins, triterpenics, saponosides in the aqueous extract. The vermicide effect was indicated by the lethal concentration of 50% (LC50) of adult worms equal to 1.28 mg / mL compared to the levamisole LC50 which was 3.25 mg / mL. The rate of eggs hatching inhibition was 93.84 % at the extract concentration of 0.1 mg / mL. Anthelminthic properties of Acacia nilotica var. adansonii would be real, which justifies its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal parasites

scholarly journals Zizyphus lotus (L.) extracts as prebiotics in the aggregation and adhesion of probiotic and inhibition of pathologic bacteria from patients with colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Ouldchikh ◽  
Aicha TirTouil ◽  
Boumédiene Meddah
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Vitro Effect

The mucosal surfaces of the intestinal tract harbor a complex microbiota. Bacteria enter in contact with intestinal cells and bestow important nutritional, metabolic and protective functions which benefit the host. Various factors are able to alter the balances between different intestinal bacteria. Dysbiosis has been described in various pathologies and metabolic diseases in humans, such as cancer. Colorectal cancer pathology can benefit from gut microbial imbalance. Its overgrowth may lead to acute symptoms. An alternative strategy to restore this balance is the use of plant extracts which exhibit a prebiotic activity by stimulating of probiotic bacteria and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria colonization. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of phenolic extracts (Aqueous extract "AE" and Methanolic extract "ME" ) from Zizyphus lotus. It aims also to investigate the effect of this extract as a prebiotic on the aggregation of probiotic and inhibitory effects of pathogenic bacteria isolated from faeces of patients with colorectal cancer. Phytochemical analysis of different extracts from Zizyphus lotus by HPLC showed that all are rich in phenolic compounds (225.40 mgAGE/gDW for AE and 63.04 mgAGE/gDW for ME extracts). Moreover, all extracts showed an important antioxidant activity (227 µg/ml for AE and 195 µg/ml for ME). These extracts also exhibited a significant prebiotic effect and antibacterial activity. Characterization of the in vitro effect of the aqueous extract showed that the percentage of autoaggregation and adhesion of probiotic and inhibitory effects of pathogenic bacteria increased in the presence of aqueous extracts.

scholarly journals In vitro Effect of Aqueous Extract of Fresh Leaves of Abroma augusta L on the Diffusion of Glucose

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Tariqul Islam ◽  
Md Ajijur Rahman ◽  
Md Anwar-Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Vitro Effect

There have been a number of reports concerning the role of dietary fiber in hampering the diffusion of glucose and lowering the postprandial serum glucose. The present study investigates the effect of viscous aqueous leaf extract of Abroma augusta L (Family: Sterculiaceae, Bengali name: Ulatkambal, English name: Devil's cotton, DC) on the diffusion of glucose in vitro. Different mixtures were prepared using varying concentrations of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) and aqueous extract of A. augusta with a fixed concentration of glucose. The diffusion of glucose from these systems into the outer medium through the ultra-fine membrane was measured. The results showed that both Na-CMC and aqueous extract of ulatkambal significantly (p<0.05) reduced the diffusion of glucose compared to control in a concentration-dependent manner. The result of this study suggested that dietary fiber present in the aqueous leaf extract of A. augusta may be potentially effective in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus by reducing post-prandial glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v16i1.14486 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 16(1): 21-26, 2013

scholarly journals In vitro anthelmintic activity of the extract of coffee husk fermented with Pleurotus ostreatus for Ascaridia galli

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Irma Badarina ◽  
Heru Dwi Putranto ◽  
Endang Sulistyowati
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Coffee Husk

The objective of  this research was to evaluate the anthelmintic  efficacy of the ethanolic and aqueous extract of coffee husk fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus against Ascaridia galli.  In vitro study of anthelmintic activity was conducted by counting the number of paralyzed worm body of Ascaridia galli during 24 hours in petri dish containing different levels of ethanolic and aqueous extract of fermented coffee husk, namely 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% (w/v) and compared to piperazine 0,5% (w/v) and NaCl 0,9%.   The powdered  samples of fermented coffee husk  were macerated in the 30% ethanol solution  with the ratio samples to solution = 1:3.   In aqueous extract, samples to solution ratio was 1 : 7.  The extract of fermented coffee husk possess phytochemical compunds which responsible for anthelmintic activity.   The anthelmintic activity of ethanolic extract was better than aqueous extract.  Fermented coffee husk ethanolic extract exhibited mortality of A.galli at concentration 2% while showed highest mortality at concentration 4%.  Fermented coffee husk ethanolic extract have the potential to aid in the control of gastro intestinal parasites in animal

scholarly journals Extracts and semi-purified fractions of Tagetes patula flowers in the control of root-knot nematodes

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 3529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Marquito Munhoz ◽  
Fernando Cesar Baida ◽  
Gisely Cristiny Lopes ◽  
Debora Cristina Santiago ◽  
José Roberto Pinto de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Vitro Effect

The genus Tagetes constitutes a group of antagonistic plant species that are cytotoxic against plant pathogenic nematodes, with T. patula being particularly efficient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of extracts and semi-purified fractions of T. patula flowers on eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica, and M. paranaensis, as well as to verify the nematicidal effect of the flavonoids present in T. patula flowers. Extracts and semi-purified fractions were obtained from dried T. patula flowers after maceration and liquidification, yielding crude aqueous (CAE) and crude ethanol-water (CEWE) extracts. Dried flowers were also treated with n-hexane to obtain a crude defatted aqueous extract (CDAE) and a crude ethanol-water defatted extract (CEWDE). Then, the CEWE was fractionated, and the ethyl acetate (EAF), ethanol (EF), methanol (MF), and ethanol:water (EWF) fractions were obtained. CAE, CEWE, CDAE, and CEWDE were tested to evaluate their effects on hatching, mobility, and mortality of J2 of M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. paranaensis. EAF, EF, MF, and EWF fractions were tested on the same variables of M. incognita. All extracts significantly reduced J2 hatching of M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. paranaensis when compared to water and water + DMSO. CEWE had nematicidal effects on the three evaluated species, whereas CEWDE demonstrated nematicidal effects against M. incognita and M. javanica, and nematostatic effects on M. paranaensis. This toxic effect showed by CEWE may be related to the high content of quercetin, a major substance present in this sample. It was also observed that EAF accentuated the nematicidal response on Meloidogyne spp., suggesting that other medium polarity (methoxylated) flavonoids act as nematotoxic substances. Thus, these results suggest that quercetin contributes significantly to the nematicidal activity of CEWE and EAF.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo Areca catechu crude aqueous extract as an anthelmintic against Ascaridia galli infection in chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wida Wahidah Mubarokah ◽  
Wisnu Nurcahyo ◽  
Joko Prastowo ◽  
Kurniasih Kurniasih
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Areca Catechu ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Crude Aqueous Extract

Aim: Intestinal parasites cause severe diseases at poultry farms, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. Infections cause significant decreases in productivity at poultry farms. Ascaridia galli is a common nematode found in chickens with a prevalence of up to 92%. This study evaluates the in vitro and in vivo effects of Areca catechu crude aqueous extract (AAE) as an anthelmintic against A. galli. Materials and Methods: In the in vitro study, already-infected slaughtered chickens were collected from local slaughterhouses in Yogyakarta. The chicken intestines were carefully examined and transported to the Parasitological Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. A. galli was collected from the intestines and put into a Petri dish containing 0.62% saline solution. Sixty A. galli individuals were soaked in different concentrations of the AAE for 3-6 h. The number of deceased A. galli was recorded by ascertaining whether they had ceased movement using a stereo microscope. The morphological characteristics of the parasites were studied. The in vivo study used 40 female chickens that were 1.5 months old and infected with the eggs of A. galli. Approximately 3000 infective eggs were found in each chicken. There were four treatment groups; Group A served as the control and was treated with Aquadestilata, Group B was treated with 26 mg/ml of AAE, Group C was treated with 79 mg/ml of AAE, and Group D was treated with 50 mg/ml of pyrantel pamoate. The AAE was applied using a pipette for 14 days. The observed parameters include the effect of the treatments on hematology, body weight (BW), and the number of A. galli eggs within each gram of fecal matter. Results: The AAE damaged the morphology, including the anterior end, posterior end, and vulva, of A. galli in vitro. The tegument of the anterior and posterior ends was slightly rougher, wrinkled, and damaged. The vulva and spicule ducts were irregular and indistinct. The average eggs per gram (EPG) in the untreated control increased in vivo from 1450±355.90 to 1975±325.96. The average EPG decreased from 1485±386.62 to 0±0.00 during 14 days of treatment of 79 mg/ml of AAE. The mean BW gain in the treated chickens was significantly (p<0.5) higher than the control. The treatment with 79 mg/ml of AAE increased the total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume values in the chickens. Conclusion: AAE can cause morphological changes and subsequent death in adult A. galli in vitro and effectively decrease ascariasis severity in chickens, therefore increasing overall BW in vivo.

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