scholarly journals Growth, yield component and yield response of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. Durum) to blended NPS fertilizer supplemented with N rates at Arsi Negelle, Central Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Abera Ishete Tilahun ◽  
Tana Tamado
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
N Rates

Exploring the breeding potential of Iranian emmer wheats to increase durum wheat tolerance to drought

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-374
Author(s):  
Majid Mohammadi ◽  
Aghafakhr Mirlohi ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Majidi ◽  
Ali Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Tolerance Improvement

AbstractEmmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum) is one of the most promising gene sources for drought tolerance improvement of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum). Achieving desired results requires a conscious choice of crossing parents based on general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA) and also understanding the genes action involved in controlling the desired traits. In this study a 12 × 12 full diallel cross was performed using four emmer and eight durum wheats. The 132 hybrid progenies along with their parental lines were field evaluated under water-stressed and non-stressed conditions. Based on the Griffing diallel analysis both GCA and SCA effects were highly significant for all measured traits under both water treatments indicating possibility of improvement for drought tolerance. In this respect, the amount of additive effect was higher than the non-additive suggesting the chance for genetic advancement through selection. Based on Hayman's graphical analyses under the two water conditions it was revealed that several grain yield component traits were under the control of partial dominance. In contrary, grain yield and most morphological traits showed either dominance or over-dominance gene action. Grain yield had a significant positive correlation with the number of kernels per spike, kernel diameter, grain weight per spike and harvest index. These traits also had greater share of additive effects, relatively high narrow-sense heritability and high Baker ratio suggesting effective indirect selection for grain yield. Most durum × emmer hybrids had grain yield and drought tolerance indices better than the parents indicating that Iranian emmer wheats have a great genetic potential for drought tolerance improvement of durum wheat.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Transplants

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 776E-776
Author(s):  
Puffy Soundy ◽  
D.J. Cantliffe ◽  
G.J. Hochmuth ◽  
P.J. Stoffella
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Head Height ◽  
Quality Response ◽  
Shoot Mass ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Fertilization Effects

`South Bay' lettuce transplants were grown in F392A styrofoam Speedling® flats at different levels of N to evaluate the effect of N on transplant quality and subsequent yield and head quality in the field. Plants were irrigated eight times over a 4-week growing period by floating flats for 30 min in nutrient solution containing eight 0, 15, 39, 45, or 60 mg·liter–1 N supplied from NH4NO3. Dry shoot mass, leaf area, and plant height increased linearly with increasing N rates and dry root mass and stem diameter increased in a quadratic fashion. Transplants with the greatest plant biomass were, therefore, produced with 60 mg·liter–1 N. Plants from the 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg·liter–1 N treatments were planted in sandy soil in plastic-mulched beds under drip irrigation. To optimize lettuce head maturity among the treatments, plants from the N treatments were harvest 53, 56, and 59 days after transplanting (DAT). The optimum time to harvest was determined to be 56 DAT. There was no yield response (measured in terms of head mass) or quality response (measured in terms of head height, head diameter, head compactness or core length) to N applied during transplant production. This indicated that transplants produced with 15 mg·liter–1 N gave equally good yield to those produced with 30, 45, or 60 mg·liter–1 N when N was applied via flotation irrigation.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilization on Growth and Yield Response of Oat (Avena Sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
MM Islam ◽  
AA Mamun ◽  
SK Ghosh ◽  
D Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
N Application ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
N Rates

Nitrogen is one of the main inputs of oat cultivation and its efficient management is a basic for harvesting the maximum potentiality of the crop. An investigation was conducted at field laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh to find out the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of oat during 2017-2018. The experiment was designed in randomized complete block with seven N rates (0, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 kg ha-1) in triplicate run. Application of N nitrogen significantly increased the growth and yield of oat. The results showed that 105 kg ha-1 N was supreme in all growth parameters and straw yield but 90 kg ha-1 N was better for main yield parameters and grain yield. The maximum plant height (101.27 cm), leaf number (11.90), tillers plant-1 (9.93), plant density (41.33 m-2) and straw yield (4.70 tha-1) were recorded with  105 kg ha-1 N application, whereas the highest grain yield (1.76 t ha-1) was found with 90 kg ha-1 N. From the results of the present research, it may be concluded that application of 90 kg N ha-1 could be used for oat production in soils of AEZ 13, Bangladesh. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 35-43

scholarly journals Durum Wheat Yield and N Uptake as Affected by N Rate, Timing and Source in Two Mediterranean Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Pampana ◽  
Marco Mariotti
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizers ◽  
N Rates

In Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZ) site-specific techniques are needed to match N availability with durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum Desf.) requirements. Enhanced-efficiency fertilizers (EEF) can improve efficient N supply and reduce leaching, thus contributing to sustainable agriculture. To study the effects of rates, sources and timings of nitrogen application, two-year field experiments were carried out at two Mediterranean NVZs of Central Italy (Pisa and Arezzo). The trial compared: i) two N rates: one based on the crop N requirements (NO), the other on the Action Programmes’ prescriptions of the two NVZ (NAP); ii) three N sources (urea, methylene urea (MU), and nitrification inhibitor (NI) 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP); and two top-dressing timings (1st tiller visible and 1st node detectable). Grain yield and yield components were determined, together with N uptake. Results showed that: i) grain and biomass production were reduced with NAP at both locations; ii) urea performed better than slow-release fertilizers; iii) the best application time varied depending on N source and location: at Pisa enhanced-efficiency fertilizers achieved higher yields when applied earliest, while for urea the contrary was true; at Arezzo different N fertilizers showed similar performances between the two application timings. Different behaviors of top-dressing fertilizers at the two localities could be related to the diverse patterns of temperatures and rainfall. Therefore, optimal fertilization strategies vary according to environmental conditions.

The assessment of boron toxicity tolerance in F6 RILs of durum wheat [Triticum turgidum (L.) Tell. convar. durum (Desf.) Mackey]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belgin Göçmen Taşkın ◽  
Özlem Özbek ◽  
Sibel Keskin Şan ◽  
Miloudi Mikael Nachit ◽  
Zeki Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Boron Toxicity

scholarly journals Screening of Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.) Italian Cultivars for Susceptibility to Fusarium Head Blight Incited by Fusarium graminearum

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Gaetano Bentivenga ◽  
Alfio Spina ◽  
Karim Ammar ◽  
Maria Allegra ◽  
Santa Olga Cacciola
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Italian Origin

In 2009, a set of 35 cultivars of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.) of Italian origin was screened for fusarium head blight (FHB) susceptibility at CIMMYT (Mexico) and in the 2019–20 cropping season, 16 of these cultivars, which had been included in the Italian National Plant Variety Register, were tested again in southern and northern Italy. Wheat cultivars were artificially inoculated during anthesis with a conidial suspension of Fusarium graminearum sensu lato using a standard spray inoculation method. Inoculum was a mixture of mono-conidial isolates sourced in the same areas where the trials were performed. Isolates had been characterized on the basis of morphological characteristics and by DNA PCR amplification using a specific primer set and then selected for their virulence and ability to produce mycotoxins. The susceptibility to FHB was rated on the basis of the disease severity, disease incidence and FHB index. Almost all of the tested cultivars were susceptible or very susceptible to FHB with the only exception of “Duprì”, “Tiziana” and “Dylan” which proved to be moderately susceptible. The susceptibility to FHB was inversely correlated with the plant height and flowering biology, the tall and the late heading cultivars being less susceptible.

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